Dispensing device

• US 6,068,199 A
• Filed: 04/10/1997
• Issued: 05/30/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Battelle Memorial Institute
• Original Assignee: Electrosols, Ltd. (Battelle Memorial Institute)
• Inventors: Coffee, Ronald Alan
• Primary Examiner(s): Morris, Lesley D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Douglas, Lisa Ann
• Application Number:
  US08/833,875
• Time in Patent Office: 1,146 Days
• Field of Search: 239/690, 239/695, 239/696, 239/704, 239/708, 239/3, 239/706, 361/227, 361/228, 128/200.14, 128/203.12, 128/204.13, 128/204.21
• US Class Current: 239/3
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/00 Inhalators drug delivery in endotracheal tubes A61M16/04
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 5/0255 spraying and depositing by electrostatic forces only

Abstract

A device for dispensing a comminuted liquid to the upper respiratory tract, which comprises an electrohydrodynamic comminution device and a supplier of a liquid to the comminution device. And a device for comminuting a liquid, the comminution site of which is provided by fibers projecting from an end surface or edge, the edge or surface being composed substantially of fibers.

Claims

1. A method of dispensing comminuted matter to the upper respiratory tract, which comprises:

supplying liquid to a liquid outlet nozzle comprising a porous bundle of resin bonded fibres forming a cone shape ending in a pointed tip; and

creating a high electric field at the pointed tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the pointed tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of electrically charged droplets for supply to the upper respiratory tract.

6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises creating the electrical field so that the charged droplets have an average diameter of at least 10 microns.

7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises creating the electrical field so that the charged droplets have an average diameter in the range of 100 to 500 microns.

2. A method of dispensing comminuted matter to the upper respiratory tract, which comprises supplying liquid to a liquid outlet nozzle in the form of a cone shaped fibre bundle ending a tip and comprising fibres selected from the group consisting of ceramic, glass, polyester and nylon fibres and creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the pointed tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of electrically charged droplets from supply to the upper respiratory tract.

3. A method of treating nasal congestion, which comprises:

supplying liquid containing a nasal decongestant selected from the group consisting oxymetazoline xylometazoline, phenylephrine, propylhexadrine, nephazoline, tetraphydrozoline and appropriate salts thereof to a liquid outlet nozzle comprising a bundle of fibres forming a cone shape ending in a tip; and

creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the tip to form an electrohydrodyhamic jet which breaks up into a spray of charged droplets for supply to the upper respiratory tract.

4. A method of dispensing comminuted liquid to the upper respiratory tract, which comprises:

supplying liquid to a liquid outlet nozzle comprising a porous bundle of fibres forming a cone shape ending in a tip;

creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of charged droplets; and

at least partially electrically discharging the charged droplets before supply to the upper respiratory tract.

5. A method of dispensing comminuted liquid to the upper respiratory tract, which comprises:

supplying liquid to a liquid outlet nozzle comprising fibres selected from the group consisting of ceramic glass, polyester and nylon fibres and arranged to form a cone shaped fibre bundle ending in a tip;

creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of charged droplets and at least partially electrically discharging the charged droplets before supply to the upper respiratory tract.

8. A method of treating nasal congestion which comprises supplying liquid containing a nasal decongestant selected from the group consisting oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, phenylephrine, propylexadrine, nephazoline, tetrahydrozoline and appropriate salts thereof to a liquid outlet nozzle comprising fibres selected from the group consisting of ceramic, glass, polyester and nylon fibres and forming a cone shaped fibre bundle ending in a pointed tip;

creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the pointed tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of charged droplets having an average diameter of at least 10 microns; and

at least partially electrically discharging the charged droplets before supply to the upper respiratory tract.

9. An inhaler comprising:

a liquid supplier having a liquid outlet nozzle comprising a porous bundle of fibres forming a cone shape ending in a pointed tip; and

an electric charger for creating a high electric field at the pointed tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle causing liquid at the pointed tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of charged droplets for supply to the upper respiratory tract.

10. An inhaler comprising:

a liquid supply having a liquid outlet nozzle comprising fibres selected from the group consisting of ceramic, glass, polyester and nylon fibres and arranged to form a cone shaped fibre bundle ending in a tip; and

an electric charger for creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle to cause liquid at the tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which beaks up into a spray of charged droplets for supply to the upper respiratory tract.

14. An inhaler according to any one of claims 9 to 13, further comprising an ion stream flow inducer for causing liquid to flow to the liquid outlet nozzle, which ion stream flow inducer has an electrode for receiving a high voltage to cause pairs of charger carriers within the liquid to break up to neutralise charge carriers of opposite polarity at the ion flow inducer electrode thereby leaving a larger population of like-polarity charge carriers which stream away from the ion stream inducer electrode towards the liquid outlet nozzle and which cause the liquid to move in the same direction by virtue of viscous drag.

11. An inhaler comprising a liquid supplier having a liquid outlet nozzle comprising a porous bundle of fibres forming a cone shape ending in a tip;

an electric charger for creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the bundle to case liquid at the tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet which breaks up into a spray of charged droplets; and

an electrical discharger for at least partially electrically discharging the charged droplets before supply to the upper respiratory tract.

12. An inhaler comprising:

a liquid supplier having a liquid outlet nozzle comprising an electrically conducting or semi-conducting base defining a reservoir for liquid and a bundle of fibres held in the base, the bundle of fibres having a cone shape ending in a tip; and

an electric charger for creating a high electrical field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the base to cause liquid at the tip to break up into a spray of charged droplets for supply to the upper respiratory tract.

13. An inhaler comprising:

a liquid supplier having an electrically conducting or semi-conducting base defining a reservoir for liquid and a bundle of fibres held in the base, the bundle of fibres having a cone shape ending in a pointed tip and being formed of fibres selected from the group consisting of ceramic, glass, polyester and nylon fibres;

an electric charger for creating a high electric field at the tip by coupling an electrical potential to the base to cause liquid at the tip to form an electrohydrodynamic jet that breaks up into a spray of electrically charged droplets having an average diameter of at least 10 microns; and

an electrical discharger for at least partially electrically discharging the charger droplets before supply to he upper respiratory tract.