Diversity antenna system

• US 6,069,591 A
• Filed: 12/19/1997
• Issued: 05/30/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nortel Networks Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nortel Networks Corporation
• Inventors: Smith, Martin Stevens
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Don
• Assistant Examiner(s): VANNUCCI, JAMES
• Application Number:
  US08/995,288
• Time in Patent Office: 893 Days
• Field of Search: 343/799, 343/824, 343/825, 343/829, 343/702, 343/834, 343/810, 343/794
• US Class Current: 343/799
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/205 providing an omnidirectional coverage turnstile aerials H01Q21/26
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/16 with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole H01Q9/44 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/10 Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity

Abstract

Plural antennas are located sufficiently closely to associated radiation reflective surfaces for consequential reduction of elevation beam-width and increase gain in azimuth. Two pairs of antennas associated with differently directed said radiation reflective surfaces afford diversity action. The antennas can be dipoles and the reflective surfaces can be faces of a housing box for related electronics.

Claims

1. A method of radio communication in a predetermined frequency range having a predetermined mid-frequency, comprising the steps:

providing a first pair of oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces normal to the azimuth plane,

providing a second pair of oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces normal to the azimuth plane, directed in different directions to the first pair of radiation reflective surfaces,

providing an antenna spaced away from each of the radiation reflective surfaces of the first pair and the second pair by a distance of less than one third of wavelength of electromagnetic radiation at said predetermined mid-frequency for producing a signal of reduced elevation beam width and increased gain of radiation emitted into the azimuth plane, and

feeding the first pair of antennas in combination and the second pair of antennas in combination to produce two radio signals with diversity action.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the antennas are each spaced from associated one of said radiation reflective surfaces by less than one-quarter of wave-length of mid-frequency for intended operation.

3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the antennas are each spaced from associated one of said radiation reflective surfaces by between 25 millimeters and 50 millimeters.

4. Method according to claim 1, wherein a pair of said oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces are spaced by about half wave-length of mid-frequency for intended operation.

5. Method according to claim 1, wherein a pair of said oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces are spaced by several wave-lengths of mid-frequency for intended operation.

6. Method according to claim 1, wherein the oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces associated with each of the pairs of antennas are differently spaced.

7. Method according to claim 6, wherein the oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces associated with one of the pairs of antennas are spaced to give an azimuth radiation pattern with substantially steady gain about bore sight and the oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces of the other pair of antennas are less spaced to give substantially steady gain to each side of that for the one pair.

8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the radiation reflective surfaces associated with one of the pairs of antennas are oppositely directed substantially orthogonally to also oppositely directed said radiation reflective surfaces of the other of the pairs of antennas.

9. Method according to claim 8, wherein the radiation reflective surfaces are faces of a generally cuboid box.

10. Method according to claim 9, wherein the box houses electronic circuitry associated with operation of said antennas.

11. Method according to claim 1, wherein the antennas are dipoles and each of said associated radiation reflective surfaces is placed to extend beyond the dipole concerned.

12. Method according to claim 11, wherein the associated radiation reflective surfaces extend beyond ends of the dipoles concerned by one half wave-length of mid-frequency of intended operation.

13. Method according to claim 11, wherein the associated radiation reflective surfaces extend to each side of the dipoles concerned by one quarter wave-length of mid-frequency of intended operation.

14. A radio antenna apparatus for operating in a predetermined frequency range having a predetermined mid-frequency, comprising

a first pair of oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces normal to the azimuth plane,

a second pair of oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces normal to the azimuth plane, the second pair of radiation reflective surfaces being directed in different directions to the first pair of radiation reflective surfaces, and

first pair of antennas and second pair of antennas, the antennas spaced away from each of the radiation reflective surfaces of the first pair of radiation reflective surfaces and the second pair of radiation reflective surfaces by a distance of less than one third of wavelength of electromagnetic radiation at the predetermined mid-frequency, for reducing elevation beam width and increasing gain of radiation emitted into the azimuth plane;

wherein

the antennas of the first pair are fed in combination with one another,

the antennas of the second pair are fed in combination with one another, and

the antenna apparatus has diversity action.

15. Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the antennas are each spaced from associated one of said radiation reflective surfaces by less than one-quarter of wave-length of mid-frequency for intended operation.

16. Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the antennas are each spaced from associated one of said radiation reflective surfaces by between 25 millimeters and 50 millimeters.

17. Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a pair of said oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces is spaced by about half wave-length of mid-frequency for intended operation.

18. Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a pair of said oppositely directed said radiation reflective surfaces is spaced by several wave-lengths of mid-frequency for intended operation.

19. Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces associated with each of the pairs of antennas are differently spaced.

20. Apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces associated with one of the pairs of antennas are spaced to give an azimuth radiation pattern with substantially steady gain about boresight and the oppositely directed radiation reflective surfaces of the other pair of antennas are less spaced to give substantially steady gain to each side of that for the one pair.

21. Apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the radiation reflective surfaces associated with one of the pairs of antennas are oppositely directed substantially orthogonally to also oppositely directed said radiation reflective surfaces of the other of the pairs of antennas.

22. Apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the radiation reflective surfaces are faces of a generally cuboid box.

23. Apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the box houses electronic circuitry associated with operation of said antennas.

24. Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the antennas are dipoles and each of said associated radiation reflective surfaces extends beyond the dipole concerned.

25. Apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the associated radiation reflective surfaces extend beyond ends of the dipoles concerned by one half wave-length of mid-frequency of intended operation.

26. Apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the associated radiation reflective surfaces extend to each side of the dipoles concerned by one quarter wave-length of mid-frequency of intended operation.