Adsorbent-based storage and dispensing system

• US 6,070,576 A
• Filed: 06/02/1998
• Issued: 06/06/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/02/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. (Entegris Incorporated), Gilead Palo Alto Incorporated (Gilead Sciences Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. (Entegris Incorporated)
• Inventors: Banucci, Eugene G., Hultquist, Steven J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Weiss, John G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MARTIN, TOOD M
• Application Number:
  US09/088,851
• Time in Patent Office: 735 Days
• Field of Search: 128/203.12, 128/203.28, 128/204.13, 128/204.28, 128/205.13, 222/207, 34/80, 34/472
• US Class Current: 128/203.28
• CPC Class Codes: A01M 1/2088 using a burner or a flame as heat source
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/102 Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/104 Alumina
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/106 Silica or silicates
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/202 Polymeric adsorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/90 Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4525 for storage and dispensing systems
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4533 for medical purposes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4541 for portable use, e.g. gas masks
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/0415 Beds in cartridges
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/0446 Means for feeding or distributing gases
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 11/00 Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels absorbing compositions for acetylene C10L3/04; absorbing compositions for hydrogen C01B3/0005

Abstract

A gas storage and dispensing system, including a gas storage and dispensing vessel, holding a physical adsorbent medium having sorptive affinity for the gas, and desorptive thereof under dispensing conditions. The gas may be an organoleptic gas, a gaseous therapeutic agent, or the like. The gas storage and dispensing system may be constructed with the gas storage and dispensing vessel in gas flow communication with a bladder that is actually manually or mechanically actuated to effect compression and release thereof, to achieve pressure differential-mediated desorption of the gas from the physical adsorbent medium, and discharge of desorbed gas from the vessel.

Claims

1. A gas storage and dispensing system, comprising:

a gas storage and dispensing vessel, holding a physical adsorbent medium having sorptive affinity for the gas, and desorptive thereof under dispensing conditions;

a compressible bladder defining an interior volume therewithin;

a first conduit interconnecting the bladder and vessel in gas flow communication;

a first unidirectional flow control valve in said first conduit, permitting flow only from the vessel to the bladder;

a second conduit coupled at a first end thereof in gas flow communication with the bladder and terminating at a second, discharge end thereof;

a second unidirectional flow control valve in said second conduit, permitting flow only from the bladder to the second, discharge end of said second conduit;

a third conduit coupled at a first end thereof in gas flow communication with the vessel and terminating at a second, inlet end thereof;

a third unidirectional flow control valve in said third conduit, permitting flow only from an ambient environment into the vessel;

wherein;

compression of the bladder effects discharge of gas in the interior volume thereof through the second conduit to the second, discharge end thereof;

subsequent release of the bladder after discharge of gas therefrom exerts a reduced pressure dispensing condition on the physical adsorbent medium, to effect desorption of gas from the physical adsorbent medium, flow of desorbed gas from the vessel through the first conduit to the bladder, and reduction of gas pressure in the vessel;

reduction of gas pressure in the vessel effects flow of ambient gas from the ambient environment through the third conduit into the vessel to relieve underpressure resulting from reduction of gas pressure in the vessel; and

subsequent compression of the bladder effects dispensing of desorbed gas from the bladder, at the second, discharge end of the second conduit;

whereby repetitive compression and relaxation of the bladder is employable for dispensing of a desired quantity of the gas.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the bladder is manually compressible and relaxable.

3. The system of claim 1, having a manually actuatable and hand-held character.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein a peristaltic pump is operatively coupled with the bladder to repetitively compress and relax same for dispensing.

5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a gas physically adsorbed on the physical adsorbent material.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the gas comprises an organoleptic gas.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the gas comprises a therapeutic agent.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the physical adsorbent material comprises an adsorbent selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, molecular sieve, carbon, macroreticulate resin, kieselguhr, and porous silicon.

9. A gas storage and dispensing system, comprising:

a gas storage and dispensing vessel;

a physical adsorbent material in the vessel having sorptive affinity for the gas, and from which the gas is desorbable under dispensing conditions;

a gas sorptively retained on said physical sorbent material; and

a dispensing assembly for generating dispensing conditions for desorption of the gas from the physical adsorbent material and discharging desorbed gas from the vessel, said dispensing assembly comprising;

a carrier gas source;

an inflow passage joining the gas storage and dispensing vessel in fluid flow communication with the carrier gas source;

a unidirectional flow control valve in the inflow passage permitting flow only of carrier gas from the carrier gas source into the vessel in response to an underpressure condition in the vessel;

a pump;

a first outflow passage joining the vessel in fluid flow communication with the pump;

a second outflow passage joined in fluid flow communication to the pump and terminating at a discharge end for discharging desorbed gas from the system;

wherein the pump is operable to exert pumping action on the vessel for reduction of pressure therein to cause the unidirectional valve in the inflow passage to open in response to underpressure in the vessel and effect flow of the carrier gas into the vessel through the inflow passage, thereby providing said dispensing conditions involving desorption of the gas from the physical adsorbent material and into the carrier gas flow, with said pump effecting flow of desorbed gas through the first and second outflow passages for discharge of desorbed gas from the system at the discharge end of the second outflow passage.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the gas comprises a material selected from the group consisting of scents, perfumes, fragrances, aromatherapeutic agents, room freshening vapors, pesticidal agents, pest-repellent agents, visually discernible gas agents, essential oils, extracts and volatile plant products.

11. The system according to claim 9, wherein the physical adsorbent material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of carbon, molecular sieve, silica, alumina, macroreticulate polymers, kieselguhr and porous silicon.

12. The system according to claim 9, wherein the gas comprises a gaseous therapeutic agent for treatment of a patient.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the gaseous therapeutic agent comprises a medicament selected from the group consisting of bronchodilators, antihistamines, lung surfactants, antiviral agents and antibacterial agents.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the gaseous therapeutic agent is therapeutically active at a pulmonary locus.

16. The system of claim 9,

wherein the gas comprises a gas species selected from the group consisting of organoleptic gas species, pesticidal gas species, and gaseous therapeutic agents.

17. A process according to claim 16, wherein said gas species comprises an organoleptic gas.

18. A process according to claim 16, wherein said gas species comprises a gaseous therapeutic agent.

15. A storage and dispensing device of a body-mountable or body-wearable conformation, comprising a receptacle holding a physical adsorbent sorptively retaining a material to be dispensed, and including a dispensing structure for discharging desorbed material from the receptacle, wherein in a body-mounted or body-worn state, body heat warms the receptacle and physical adsorbent to effect desorption and dispensing of the material from the receptacle.