Electric double layer capacitor and separator therefor

• US 6,072,693 A
• Filed: 11/02/1998
• Issued: 06/06/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, Limited (AGC, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, Limited (AGC, Inc.)
• Inventors: Morimoto, Takeshi, Kawasato, Takeshi, Suhara, Manabu, Hiratsuka, Kazuya, Tsushima, Manabu
• Primary Examiner(s): Kincaid, Kristine
• Assistant Examiner(s): EL GAZZAR, MOHAMED G
• Application Number:
  US09/184,337
• Time in Patent Office: 582 Days
• Field of Search: 361/502, 361/512, 607/5, 607/4, 479/57, 479/59, 636/1504, 636/508, 636/512
• US Class Current: 361/502
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/24 characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/32 Carbon-based
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/38 Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/52 Separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/62 characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 9/02 Diaphragms; Separators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

An electric double layer capacitor having an electrolyte solution impregnated to an element including a positive electrode and a negative electrode facing each other with a separator interposed therebetween, wherein an electrode containing a carbon material having a specific surface area of at least 500 m² /g is used as the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode, and the separator is made of a glass fiber sheet containing from 2 to 60 wt % of glass fibers having fiber diameters of at most 1 μm.

Claims

1. An electric double layer capacitor having an electrolyte solution impregnated to-an element comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode facing each other with a separator interposed therebetween, wherein an electrode containing a carbon material having a specific surface area of at least 500 m² /g is used as the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode, and the separator is made of a glass fiber sheet containing from 2 to 60 wt % of glass fibers having fiber diameters of at most 1 μ

m.

2. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sheet contains glass fibers having an average fiber diameter of from 0.5 to 5 μ

m.

3. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sheet has a porosity of from 60 to 95% and a thickness of from 30 to 200 μ

m.

4. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sheet is a porous sheet having a maximum pore diameter of at most 20 μ

m.

5. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sheet has a basis weight of from 10 to 50 g/m².

6. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sheet is a sheet made of glass short fibers.

7. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte solution is a non-aqueous electrolyte solution.

8. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 7, wherein the solvent of the electrolyte solution is at least one member selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, sulforane and a sulforane derivative.

9. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 7, wherein the electrolyte solution contains, as an electrolyte, a salt comprising a quaternary onium cation of the formula R¹ R² R³ R⁴ N⁺ or R¹ R² R³ R⁴ P⁺ wherein each of R¹, R², R³ and R⁴ which are independent of one another, is a C_1-6 alkyl group, and an anion of the formula BF₄^-, PF₆^-, ClO₄^- or CF₃ SO₃^-.

10. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein at least one electrode comprises activated carbon, conductive carbon black and a binder.

11. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 10, wherein the binder comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.

12. A separator for an electric double layer capacitor, which is made of a glass fiber sheet containing from 2 to 60 wt % of glass fibers having fiber diameters of at most 1 μ

m.

13. The separator for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 12, wherein the glass fiber sheet contains glass fibers having an average fiber diameter of from 0.5 to 5 μ

m.

14. The separator for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 12, wherein the glass fiber sheet has a porosity of from 60 to 95% and a thickness of from 30 to 200 μ

m.

15. The separator for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 12, wherein the glass fiber sheet is a porous sheet having a maximum pore diameter of at most 20 μ

m.

16. The separator for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 12, wherein the glass fiber sheet has a basis weight of from 10 to 50 g/m².

17. The separator for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 12, wherein the glass fiber sheet is a sheet made of glass short fibers.