Predicting auditory confusions using a weighted Levinstein distance
First Claim
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1. A method of determining the likelihood of confusing a first word for a second word, comprising the steps of:
- phonemically transcribing first and second orthographies of the first and second words into first and second phonemic transcriptions;
calculating a Levinstein distance between the first and second phonemic transcriptions, wherein the Levinstein distance corresponds to edit operations required to transform the first phonemic transcription into the second phonemic transcription;
obtaining a phonematic transformation weight for each edit operation of the Levinstein distance; and
summing the obtained phonemic transformation weights to generate a value indicating the likelihood of confusion between the first and second words.
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Abstract
A confusability tool generates a confusability cost associated with two phonemic transcriptions. The confusability cost measures the likelihood that a human or machine hearing the first word will mistakenly hear the second word. The cost calculation is based on a weighting of the Levinstein distance between the transcription pair.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A method of determining the likelihood of confusing a first word for a second word, comprising the steps of:
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phonemically transcribing first and second orthographies of the first and second words into first and second phonemic transcriptions; calculating a Levinstein distance between the first and second phonemic transcriptions, wherein the Levinstein distance corresponds to edit operations required to transform the first phonemic transcription into the second phonemic transcription; obtaining a phonematic transformation weight for each edit operation of the Levinstein distance; and summing the obtained phonemic transformation weights to generate a value indicating the likelihood of confusion between the first and second words. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A computer readable medium containing instructions executable on a computer for determining the likelihood of confusing first and second phonemic transcriptions, the instructions causing the computer to:
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calculate a Levinstein distance between the first and second phonemic transcriptions, wherein the Levinstein distance corresponds to edit operations required to transform the first phonemic transcription into the second phonemic transcription; obtain a phonemic transformation weight for each edit operation of the Levinstein distance; and sum the obtained phonemic transformation weights to generate a value indicating the likelihood of confusion between the first and second phonemic transcriptions, that correspond to spoken words. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A computer system containing a process comprising:
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a memory that stores a confusability tool program and a transcripted phonemic lexicon, the confusability tool program including means for calculating a Levinstein distance between first and second phonemic transcriptions from the lexicon, wherein the Levinstein distance corresponds to edit operations required to transform the first transcription, obtaining a phonemic transformation weight for each edit operation of the Levinstein distance, and summing the obtained phonemic transformation weights to generate a value indicating the likelihood of confusion between the first and second phonemic transcriptions; a processor configured to execute the confusability tool program in the memory; and a display that provides an ordered list of entries, each entry including the first and second transcriptions and a cost based on the value indicating the likelihood of confusion between the first and second phonemic transcriptions. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21)
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22. A method of detecting potentially confusable orthography pairs in a lexicon, comprising the steps of:
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phonemically transcribing the orthographies in the lexicon; computing a cost for each pair of orthographies in the lexicon equal to the minimum normalized weighted Levinstein distance for the orthography pair; comparing the cost to a threshold value and discarding the orthography pairs corresponding to cost values greater than the threshold; sorting the thresholded values in ascending order; and modifying the orthographies in the lexicon based on the sorted thresholded values.
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Specification