Gas generant

• US 6,073,962 A
• Filed: 10/20/1997
• Issued: 06/13/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/28/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Daicel Chemical Industries Limited (Daicel Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Daicel Chemical Industries Limited (Daicel Corporation)
• Inventors: Wu, Jianzhou, Hirata, Norimasa, Yokoyama, Takushi
• Primary Examiner(s): ANTHONY, JOSEPH DAVID
• Application Number:
  US08/954,517
• Time in Patent Office: 967 Days
• Field of Search: 149/17, 149/19.2, 149/33, 149/34, 149/36, 149/38, 149/42, 149/43, 149/45, 149/47, 556/118, 556/45, 564/34, 280/741, 280/736
• US Class Current: 280/741
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

The present invention is directed to an airbag system that includes a gas generant, which is improved in the defects of gas generants using sodium azide in a practical use and has stable combustion capability. A molecular compound comprising (a) a gas generant component, (b) an oxidant component and (c) a reaction accelerator component, preferably represented by the composition formula (I).

M.mX.nY                                                    (I)

is disclosed

Claims

1. An air bag system comprising a gas generant complex comprising a molecular compound comprising (a) gas generator component;

(b) oxidant component; and

(c) reaction accelerator component, wherein the molecular compound is the compound represented by the composition formula (I);

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">M.mX.nY (I)

wherein M is the reaction accelerator (c) representing Al, Mg, Ca, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, Sr, Ni or another metal capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I);

X is the gas generator component (a) representing a carbodihydrazide;

Y is the oxidant component (b) representing NO₃, ClO₄, Cl, I or another anion capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I); and

m and n are numbers fixed by combinations of components (a), (b) and (c), wherein m is a number of 1 to 3 and n is a number of 2 to 3.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein M represents Cu, Co, Ni, Mn or Zn.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein M represents Cu, Co, Ni, Mn or Zn;

Y represents NO₃, Cl or I;

X represents a carbodihydrazide (CDH);

n is 2; and

m is a number of 1 to 3.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the molecular compound is selected from the group consisting of:

Zn.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mn.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mg.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mn.2(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Ca.2(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃), and

Sr.1(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃).

5. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a bonding agent.

6. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Y represents NO₃, ClO₄ or another anion of oxygen acid salt.

16. The system according to claims 1, 7 or 12, further comprising a bonding agent.

17. The system according to claims 1, 7 or 12, further comprising a catalyst component.

18. The system according to claim 17, wherein the catalyst component is CuO, MnO₂ or MoO₃.

7. An air bag system comprising a gas generant composition comprising a gas generant complex comprising a molecular compound comprising (a) gas generator component;

(b) oxidant component; and

(c) reaction accelerator component, wherein the molecular compound is the compound represented by the composition formula (I);

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">M.mX.nY (I)

wherein M is the reaction accelerator (c) representing Al, Mg, Ca, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, Sr, Ni or another metal capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I);

X is the gas generator component (a) representing a carbodihydrazide;

Y is the oxidant component (b) representing NO₃, ClO₄, Cl, I or another anion capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I); and

m and n are numbers fixed by combinations of components (a), (b) and (c), wherein m is a number of 1 to 3 and n is a number of 2 to 3, and a co-oxidant as a physical mixing component.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein M represents Cu, Co, Ni, Mn or Zn.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein M represents Cu, Co, Ni, Mn or Zn;

Y represents NO₃, Cl or I;

X represents a carbodihydrazide (CDH);

n is 2; and

m is a number of 1 to 3.

10. The system according to claim 7, wherein the molecular compound is selected from the group consisting of:

Zn.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mn.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mg.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mn.2(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Ca.2(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃), and

Sr.1(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃).

11. The system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein Y represents NO₃, ClO₄ or another anion of oxygen acid salt.

12. The system according to claim 7, wherein the co-oxidant is an ammonium nitrate, a metal peroxide, or an oxygen acid salt which comprises a cation which is an alkaline metal or an alkaline earth metal, and the anion is free of hydrogen atoms.

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the oxygen acid salt is a nitrate, a nitrite, a chlorate or perchlorate.

14. The system according to claim 7, which comprises a molecular compound selected from the group consisting of:

Zn.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mn.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mg.3(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Mn.2(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

Ca.2(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃), and

Sr.1(H₃ N₂ CON₂ H₃).2(NO₃),

and a nitrate as a co-oxidant.

15. The system according to claim 7, further comprising a bonding agent.

19. An air bag system comprising a gas generant composition comprising a gas generant complex comprising a molecular compound comprising (a) gas generator component;

(b) oxidant component; and

(c) reaction accelerator component, wherein the molecular compound is the compound represented by the composition formula (I);

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">M.mX.nY (I)

wherein M is the reaction accelerator (c) representing Al, Mg, Ca, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, Sr, Ni or another metal capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I);

X is the gas generator component (a) representing a carbodihydrazide;

Y is the oxidant component (b) representing NO₃, ClO₄, Cl, I or another anion capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I); and

m and n are numbers fixed by combinations of components (a), (b) and (c), wherein m is a number of 1 to 3 and n is a number of 2 to 3, and a bonding agent.

20. An air bag system comprising a gas generant composition comprising a gas generant complex comprising a molecular compound comprising (a) gas generator component;

(b) oxidant component; and

(c) reaction accelerator component, wherein the molecular compound is the compound represented by the composition formula (I);

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">M.mX.nY (I)

wherein M is the reaction accelerator (c) representing Al, Mg, Ca, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, Sr, Ni or another metal capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I);

X is the gas generator component (a) representing a carbodihydrazide;

Y is the oxidant component (b) representing NO₃, ClO₄, Cl, I or another anion capable of forming the molecular compound of the composition formula (I); and

m and n are numbers fixed by combinations of components (a), (b) and (c), wherein m is a number of 1 to 3 and n is a number of 2 to 3, and a catalyst component.