Ignition enhanced gas generant and method

• US 6,077,372 A
• Filed: 02/02/1999
• Issued: 06/20/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 02/02/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Autoliv AB (Autoliv Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Autoliv AB (Autoliv Incorporated)
• Inventors: Parkinson, David W., Taylor, Robert D., Mendenhall, Ivan V., Hess, Gregory B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Jordan, Charles T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): FELTON, AILEEN BAKER
• Application Number:
  US09/243,161
• Time in Patent Office: 504 Days
• Field of Search: 149/6, 149/7, 149/8, 149/9, 149/11, 149/14, 149/15, 149/19.92, 149/109.6, 149/46
• US Class Current: 149/109.6
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 21/0083 Treatment of solid structures, e.g. for coating or impregnating with a modifier compositions therefor C06B23/00
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 45/14 a layer or zone containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component
• CPC Class Codes: C06C 9/00 Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

An ignition enhanced gas generant material and method of making the same utilizing a solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of each of a selected ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, at least one component of an associated gas generant material.

Claims

1. A method of placing an ignition composition onto a gas generant material having a selected form, said method comprising the steps of:

combining the ignition composition with a solvent to form an ignition material combination, the solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material and

applying the ignition material combination onto the gas generant material form whereby at least one component of the gas generant material is partially solubilized by the solvent of the ignition material combination,

wherein the gas generant material includes a fuel component and an oxidizer component, with the fuel component including at least one fuel selected from the group consisting of nitrogen-containing organic fuels and a tetrazole complex of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of copper, cobalt and zinc and the oxidizer component including at least one oxidizer material selected from the group consisting of at least one metal ammine nitrate, basic copper nitrate and ammonium nitrate.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said applying step comprises spraying the ignition material combination onto the gas generant material form.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the ignition composition includes an oxidizer component and wherein the oxidizer component is the at least one component of the ignition composition partially solubilized by the solvent.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the ignition composition includes at least one oxidizer selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates;

alkaline earth metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates;

ammonium nitrate;

ammonium perchlorate;

basic copper nitrate and combinations thereof.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas generant material includes an oxidizer component and wherein the oxidizer component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas generant material includes a fuel component and wherein the fuel component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas generant material form includes an inner surface and wherein said spray application step selectively applies the ignition material combination onto at least a portion of the inner surface.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas generant material form is one selected from the group consisting of grain, wafer and tablet.

29. The method of claim 1 wherein the fuel component includes at least one nitrogen-containing organic fuel selected from the group consisting of guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, dicyandiamide, triazalone, nitrotriazalone, tetrazoles and mixtures thereof.

6. A method of placing an ignition composition onto a gas generant material having a selected form, said method comprising the steps of:

combining the ignition composition with a solvent to form an ignition material combination, the solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material and

applying the ignition material combination onto the gas generant material from whereby at least one component of the gas generant material is partially solubilized by the solvent of the ignition material combination,

wherein the gas generant material includes an oxidizer component comprising ammonium nitrate and wherein the oxidizer component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

8. A method of placing an ignition composition onto a gas generant material having a selected form, said method comprising the steps of:

combining the ignition composition with a solvent to form an ignition material combination, the solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material and

applying the ignition material combination onto the gas generant material from whereby at least one component of the gas generant material is partially solubilized by the solvent of the ignition material combination,

wherein the gas generant material includes a fuel component comprising guanidine nitrate.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the gas generant material comprises:

between about 35 and about 50 wt % of guanidine nitrate fuel,

between about 30 and about 55 wt % copper diammine dinitrate oxidizer,

between about 2 and about 10 wt % of a burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and

between about 0 and about 25 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein the gas generant material additionally comprises:

basic copper nitrate as an oxidizer component and

a metal oxide slag formation additive.

13. A method of placing an ignition composition onto a gas generant material having a selected form, said method comprising the steps of:

combining the ignition composition with a solvent to form an ignition material combination, the solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material and

applying the ignition material combination onto the gas generant material from whereby at least one component of the gas generant material is partially solubilized by the solvent of the ignition material combination,

wherein the solvent includes a combination of water and at least one hydrocarbon-containing solvent material.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the hydrocarbon-containing solvent material is selected from the group consisting of:

methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and combinations thereof.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein the hydrocarbon-containing solvent comprises a combination of ethanol and water.

16. A method of applying an ignition composition to gas generant material comprising ammonium nitrate, wherein the gas generant material has a form selected from the group consisting of a grain, tablet and wafer, said method comprising the steps of:

suspending the ignition composition in a hydrocarbon-containing solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and

spraying the solvent-suspended ignition composition onto the gas generant material form, the solvent effective to partially solubilize the ammonium nitrate of the gas generant material.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the gas generant material form includes an inner surface and wherein said spraying step selectively applies the solvent-suspended ignition composition onto at least a portion of the gas generant material form inner surface.

18. A body of material which is ignitable to generate a gas for inflating an airbag, said body of material comprising:

a gas generant material having a selectively applied spray coating of an ignition composition,

wherein the gas generant material includes a fuel component and an oxidizer component, with the fuel component including at least one fuel selected from the group consisting of nitrogen-containing organic fuels and a tetrazole complex of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of copper, cobalt and zinc and the oxidizer component including at least one oxidizer material selected from the group consisting of at least one metal ammine nitrate, basic copper nitrate and ammonium nitrate.

19. The ignitable body of material of claim 18 wherein the ignition composition is applied in the form of a combination of the ignition composition and a solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material.

20. The ignitable body of material of claim 18 wherein the ignition composition includes an oxidizer component and wherein the ignition composition oxidizer component is the at least one component of the ignition composition partially solubilized by the solvent.

21. The ignitable body of material of claim 20 wherein the ignition composition comprises at least one oxidizer selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates;

alkaline earth metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates;

ammonium nitrate;

ammonium perchlorate;

basic copper nitrate and combinations thereof.

22. The ignitable body of material of claim 18 wherein the gas generant material includes an oxidizer component and wherein the oxidizer component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

24. The ignitable body of material of claim 18 wherein the gas generant material includes a fuel component and wherein the fuel component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

28. The ignitable body of material of claim 18 wherein the gas generant material is a form which includes an inner surface onto which the ignition composition has been selectively applied.

30. The ignitable body of material of claim 18 wherein the fuel component includes at least one nitrogen-containing organic fuel selected from the group consisting of guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, dicyandiamide, triazalone, nitrotriazalone, tetrazoles and mixtures thereof.

23. A body of material which is ignitable to generate a gas for inflating an airbag, said body of material comprising:

a gas generant material having a selectively applied spray coating of an ignition composition, wherein the ignition composition is applied in the form of a combination of the ignition composition and a solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material, wherein the gas generant material includes an oxidizer component comprising ammonium nitrate and wherein the gas generant material oxidizer component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

25. A body of material which is ignitable to generate a gas for inflating an airbag, said body of material comprising:

a gas generant material having a selectively applied spray coating of an ignition composition, wherein the ignition composition is applied in the form of a combination of the ignition composition and a solvent effective to partially solubilize at least one component of the ignition composition and, upon application to the gas generant material, to partially solubilize at least one component of the gas generant material, wherein the gas generant material includes a fuel component comprising guanidine nitrate and wherein the gas generant material fuel component is the at least one component of the gas generant material partially solubilized by the solvent.

26. The ignitable body of material of claim 25 wherein the gas generant material comprises:

between about 35 and about 50 wt % of guanidine nitrate fuel,

between about 30 and about 55 wt % copper diammine dinitrate oxidizer,

between about 2 and about 10 wt % of a burn rate enhancing and slag formation additive, and

between about 0 and about 25 wt % ammonium nitrate supplemental oxidizer.

27. The ignitable body of material of claim 25 wherein the gas generant material additionally comprises:

basic copper nitrate as an oxidizer component and

a metal oxide slag formation additive.