Endovascular electrolytically detachable wire and tip for the formation of thrombus in arteries, veins, aneurysms, vascular malformations and arteriovenous fistulas

• US 6,083,220 A
• Filed: 05/09/1996
• Issued: 07/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/1990
• Status: Expired

• Current Assignee: California University of Regents of The THEQ
• Original Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Inventors: Sepetka, Ivan, Guglielmi, Guido
• Primary Examiner(s): COHEN, LEE S
• Application Number:
  US08/647,114
• Time in Patent Office: 1,517 Days
• Field of Search: 606/32, 606/41, 606/49, 606/28, 606/108, 606/191, 606/200, 623/1, 623/12, 604/104, 607/122, 600/585
• US Class Current: 606/32
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/12022 Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires plugging an opening in the wall of an organ A61B17/0057; occluders for the cervical canal A61F6/146; vas deferens occluders A61F6/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/12113 within an aneurysm
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1214 Coils or wires
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/12145 having a pre-set deployed three-dimensional shape methods of manufacturing A61B2017/00526
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1215 comprising additional materials, e.g. thrombogenic, having filaments, having fibers, being coated
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/12172 having a pre-set deployed three-dimensional shape methods of manufacturing A61B2017/00526
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00292 mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/12063 electrolytically detachable
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/12095 Threaded connection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/22038 with a guide wire
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00678 upper
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00761 Duration
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00875 Resistance or impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00886 Duration
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1226 powered by a battery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1253 monopolar
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/126 bipolar
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1266 with DC current output
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1435 Spiral
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1495 : Electrodes being detachable from a support structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3966 : Radiopaque markers visible in an X-ray image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 : Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/09175 : having specific characteristics at the distal tip
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/09 : Guide wires

Abstract

An artery, vein, aneurysm, vascular malformation or arterial fistula is occluded through endovascular occlusion by the endovascular insertion of a platinum wire and/or tip into the vascular cavity. The vascular cavity is packed with the tip to obstruct blood flow or access of blood in the cavity such that the blood clots in the cavity and an occlusion if formed. The tip may be elongate and flexible so that it packs the cavity by being folded upon itself a multiple number of times, or may pack the cavity by virtue of a filamentary or fuzzy structure of the tip. The tip is then separated from the wire mechanically or by electrolytic separation of the tip from the wire. The wire and the microcatheter are thereafter removed leaving the tip embedded in the thrombus formed within the vascular cavity. Movement of wire in the microcatheter is more easily tracked by providing a radioopaque proximal marker on the microcatheter and a corresponding indicator marker on the wire. Electrothrombosis is facilitate by placing the ground electrode on the distal end of the microcatheter and flowing current between the microcatheter electrode and the tip.

Claims

1. A wire for use in the formation of an occlusion within a vascular cavity in conjunction with a microcatheter having an interior lumen, said wire comprising:

a metal coil having a first shape which conforms to said microcatheter lumen when within the microcatheter, and said metal coil forming an unbiased, regular cylindrical or unbiased single regular conical envelope when disposed out of said microcatheter.

2. The wire of claim 1 wherein the wire comprises platinum.

3. The wire of claim 1 wherein the diameter of the coil is approximately 0.001-0.005 inch.

4. The wire of claim 1 wherein the diameter of the coil is approximately 0.010-0.020 inch.

5. The wire of claim 1 wherein the diameter of the envelope is approximately 2-10 mm.

6. The wire of claim 1 wherein the envelope is conical.

7. The wire of claim 1 wherein the envelope is cylindrical.

8. The wire of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of filaments extending from said first shape.

9. The wire of claim 8 wherein the filaments comprise polyester.

10. The wire of claim 2 wherein the coil is prebiased to form said cylindrical or conical envelope.