System and method for fabricating distributed Bragg reflectors with preferred properties

• US 6,084,998 A
• Filed: 12/30/1998
• Issued: 07/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Alpha and Omega Imaging LLC
• Original Assignee: Alpha and Omega Imaging LLC
• Inventors: Straayer, Ron
• Primary Examiner(s): Sanghavi, Hemang
• Application Number:
  US09/222,650
• Time in Patent Office: 552 Days
• Field of Search: 385/31, 385/33, 385/36, 385/37, 385/123, 385/124, 372/6, 372/102, 359/572, 359/575, 430/290, 430/321, 430/394
• US Class Current: 385/37
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2006/12107 Grating
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/02138 based on illuminating a phase mask

Abstract

Optical media is imaged by a combination of components for splitting a coherent beam into two co-propagating optical beams; converging the optical beams to produce a pattern of interference fringes having a pitch; varying the pitch and/or amplitude of the interference pattern fringes; axially rotating the fringes around the media; and axially rotating the co-propagating optical beams so as to maintain rotary synchronism with the axially rotating fringes as the permanent fringes are formed in the media whereby the longitudinal index of refraction is modulated along the media preferably with circular symmetry. The media is positioned as a work piece along a workpiece axis, with some of the system components translated along and/or rotated about the workpiece axis. Independently variable design parameters can, according to the preferred control system, be specified in advance with a high degree of flexibility.

Claims

1. In a method for imaging light transmitting media oriented along a workpiece axis by directing two co-propagating coherent light beams having known beam amplitudes and beam pitch at the media transversely to the workpiece axis so that the beams interfere to produce a permanent fringe pattern in the media having a commensurate fringe amplitude and fringe pitch, the improvement comprising:

(1) directing the co-propagating coherent beams parallel to said workpiece axis;

(2) redirecting the beams from a direction parallel to the workpiece axis to a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis while maintaining said beam pitch;

(3) further redirecting the beams from a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis to respective converging directions whereby the beams interfere to produce a fringe pattern in the media;

(4) synchronously rotating the coherent beams of steps (1) and (2) and the converging beams of step (3) about the workpiece axis, thereby producing a pattern of substantially circularly symmetric fringes in the media.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the redirected, converging beams are interrupted intermittently and translated relative to the media in parallel with the workpiece axis, thereby producing a permanent fringe image consisting of a plurality of axially adjacent fringe patterns.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the rotating beams are translated relative to the media in parallel with the workpiece axis.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the media is a single linear strand extending coaxially along the workpiece axis.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the strand is fed continually on the workpiece axis between the beams of step (1), from a supply reel located laterally of the beams.

6. The method of claim 3, including continually changing the beam pitch of step (1) during the translation of the beams relative to the media, thereby producing an image with non-uniform fringe pitch in the media.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein a single strand of media is fed continually on the workpiece axis between the beams of step (1), from a supply reel located laterally of the beams.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein a multiplicity of spaced apart fringe images are produced along the strand of a given reel, some of the images having different properties from others of the images, and the method following step (4) includes marking the strand adjacent each image, with indicia indicative of the properties of each image.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein

the media comprises a plurality of media strands extending in parallel with and symmetrically about the workpiece axis;

and

step (3) produces a fringe pattern through the surface of each strand.

10. The method of claim 9, including translating the rotating beams relative to the media parallel to the workpiece axis and continually changing the pitch of step (1) during the translation of the beams relative to the media, thereby producing an image with non-uniform pitch in the media.

11. The method of claim 2, including continually changing the beam pitch of step (1) during the translation of the beams relative to the media, thereby producing an image with non-uniform fringe pitch in the media.

12. The method of claim 3, including continually changing the beam amplitudes of step (1) during the translation of the beams relative to the media, thereby producing an image with non-uniform fringe amplitudes in the media.

13. The method of claim 12, including continually changing the beam pitch of step (1) during the translation of the beams relative to the media, thereby producing an image with non-uniform fringe pitch in the media.

14. A method for modulating the longitudinal index of refraction along an optical fiber that is positioned as a workpiece along a workpiece axis extending in a first direction, comprising:

projecting a source of actinic light parallel to said first direction;

modulating the projected source of light to generate a beam of actinic light traveling in the first direction and having a known amplitude;

folding the beam of modulated light toward a phase mask defining the nominal pitch of the desired modulations to be formed in the fibers and thereby;

producing two diffracted beams of nominally equal intensity;

blocking all diffracted orders in the diffracted beams, except the +1 and -1 order;

passing the ordered beams through lens means to form two collimated beams having a predetermined cross sectional shape and a nominal separation distance;

folding the collimated beams with tiltable mirror means to travel in a direction substantially parallel to said first direction;

passing the folded collimated beams through prism assembly means nominally centered on the workpiece axis and rotatable about the workpiece axis, such that at any rotational angle about the workpiece axis, the collimated beams emerge from the prism assembly means with a minimum gap there between;

feeding the optical fiber through the gap and into a recording head assembly which surrounds the fiber, folds the collimated beams to project perpendicularly to the fiber, and focuses the beams within the fiber;

clamping the fiber on the workpiece axis;

co-translating the phase mask, the prism assembly means, and the recording head assembly parallel to said first direction a controlled distance; and

co-rotating the prism assembly means and the recording head at different angular velocities.

15. A system for imaging linear optical media, comprising:

means for splitting a coherent beam into two co-propagating optical beams;

means for converging the optical beams to produce a pattern of interference fringes having a pitch;

means for varying the pitch of the interference pattern fringes;

means for rotating the interference fringes around the linear media; and

means for rotating the co-propagating optical beams so as to maintain rotary synchronism with the rotating interference fringes.

16. The system of claim 15, including means for linearly translating the means for splitting, the means for converging, the means for rotating the fringes, and the means for rotating the optical beams, in unison relative to the optical media.

17. The system of claim 15, including means for varying the amplitude of the interference fringe pattern.

18. The system of claim 16, including means for varying the amplitude of the interference fringe pattern.

19. The system of claim 17 including a control system whereby target transmission characteristics of the linear optical media are defined by a user, comprising means for computing at least pitch and amplitude coefficients for adjusting at least one of the means for varying the pitch and means for varying the amplitude.

20. The system of claim 19, including

means for storing a setup file of said coefficients used to previously image media;

and

means for retrieving the stored coefficients and using said stored coefficients to image another media.