Differential lock control system

• US 6,085,138 A
• Filed: 11/12/1998
• Issued: 07/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 11/12/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Caterpillar Sarl (Caterpillar Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Inventors: Suckow, David S., Smith, Jerry F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cuchlinski, Jr., William A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Donnelly, Arthur D.
• Application Number:
  US09/191,077
• Time in Patent Office: 600 Days
• Field of Search: 701/51, 701/50, 701/65, 701/69, 701/81, 701/88, 701/89, 172/3, 180/197
• US Class Current: 701/51
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 23/04 for differential gearing
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 23/08 for changing number of driven wheels , for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles B60K17/3515 takes precedence

Abstract

A differential lock control system for controlling the locking of the various differential assemblies associated with a particular work machine wherein such system includes a first switch positionable to select any one or more of the differential assemblies for operation in their locked condition, a second switch actuatable to control the locking of the differential assemblies selected by the first switch, a ground speed sensor for determining the ground speed of the work machine, an optional steering pressure sensor for determining the steering effort required to turn the wheels associated with the front axle, and an electronic controller coupled to the first and second switches and to the respective sensors for receiving signals therefrom, the controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the differential assemblies selected by the position of the first switch when the controller receives a signal indicative of the second switch being actuated, and a signal indicative of the ground speed being below a predetermined ground speed. In addition, if the locking mechanism of the front axle differential has been selected for actuation by the first switch, the controller will only lock-up the front axle differential when it receives an additional signal indicative of the steering effort being below a predetermined amount.

Claims

1. A control system for controlling at least one differential assembly associated with a work machine wherein the work machine includes a drive transmission system, a plurality of axles having wheels associated respectively therewith, a differential assembly associated with at least one of the axles and coupled with the transmission system for turning the wheels associated with the at least one axle, each of the differential assemblies having a locking mechanism operable between an unlocked condition wherein wheel turning is unaffected and such wheels turn differentially and a locked condition wherein wheel turning is affected and such wheels turn at the same speed, said control system comprising:

a first switch positionable to select at least one of the differential assemblies for operation in its locked condition, said first switch outputting a signal indicative of the differential assemblies selected for operation in their locked condition;

a second switch actuatable to control the locking of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of the said first switch, said second switch being actuatable between a first state corresponding to the condition when an operator is not requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies and a second state corresponding to the condition when an operator is requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies;

a ground speed sensor for determining the ground speed of the work machine; and

an electronic controller coupled with said first and second switches and with said ground speed sensor for receiving signals therefrom, said controller being operable to receive a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of when said second switch is in its first or second state, and a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine;

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the selected differential assemblies when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine being below a predetermined ground speed.

2. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the plurality of axles of the work machine includes a front, center and rear axle and an interaxle connecting the drivelines between the front axle and the center and rear axles, and wherein the work machine includes a differential assembly associated with each of said front, center and rear axles and said interaxle, said first switch being positionable to select the locked condition of the interaxle differential only, and said first switch being further positionable to select the locked condition of all of the respective differentials including the front axle differential, the center axle differential, the rear axle differential, and the interaxle differential.

3. The control system, as set forth in claim 2, wherein said first switch is further positionable to select the locked condition of the front axle differential only, the locked condition of both the front axle and interaxle differentials, the locked condition of both the center axle and rear axle differentials, the locked condition of the center axle, rear axle and interaxle differentials, and the locked condition of the front axle, center axle and rear axle differentials.

4. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the respective locking mechanisms of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch when said controller receives a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine exceeding said predetermined ground speed.

5. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the respective locking mechanisms of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch when said controller receives a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine equaling said predetermined ground speed.

6. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the respective locking mechanisms of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch when said controller receives a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine approaching said predetermined ground speed and being within a predetermined range relative thereto.

7. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said second switch is a momentary switch.

8. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of the differential assemblies includes at least one solenoid for controlling the locking operation thereof, said controller outputting a signal to the solenoids associated with the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch to affect the locking thereof.

9. The control system, as set forth in claim 1, including a steering pressure sensor for determining the steering effort required to turn the wheels associated with the front axle, said controller being coupled with said steering sensor for receiving signals therefrom indicative of the steering effort being exerted by an operator in order to steer the work machine, said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of the front axle differential having been selected for operation in its locked condition, and a signal indicative of the steering effort being below a predetermined amount.

10. The control system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of the steering effort exceeding said predetermined amount.

11. The control system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of the steering effort equaling said predetermined amount.

12. The control system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of the steering effort approaching said predetermined amount and being within a predetermined range relative thereto.

13. The control system, as set forth in claim 4, wherein said controller outputs a signal to re-actuate the locking mechanism of the selected differential assemblies when said controller receives a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine being below said predetermined ground speed.

14. The control system, as set forth in claim 10, wherein said controller outputs a signal to re-actuate the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the steering effort being below said predetermined amount.

15. A control system for controlling at least one differential assembly associated with a work machine wherein the work machine includes a drive transmission system, a plurality of axles having wheels associated respectively therewith, a differential assembly associated with at least one of the axles and coupled with the transmission system for turning the wheels associated with the at least one axle, each of the differential assemblies having a locking mechanism operable between an unlocked condition wherein wheel turning is unaffected and such wheels turn differentially and a locked condition wherein wheel turning is affected and such wheels turn at the same speed, said control system comprising:

a first switch positionable to select at least one of the differential assemblies for operation in its locked condition, said first switch outputting a signal indicative of the differential assemblies selected for operation in their locked condition;

a second switch actuatable to control the locking of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of the said first switch, said second switch being actuatable between a first state corresponding to the condition when an operator is not requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies and a second state corresponding to the condition when an operator is requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies;

a transmission gear position sensor for determining the particular transmission gear in which the work machine is operating; and

an electronic controller coupled with said first and second switches and with said transmission gear position sensor for receiving signals therefrom, said controller being operable to receive a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of when said second switch is in its first or second state, and a signal indicative of which transmission gear the work machine is operating in;

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the selected differential assemblies when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the transmission gear in which the work machine is operating being below a predetermined gear.

16. The control system, as set forth in claim 15, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the respective locking mechanisms of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch when said controller receives a signal indicative of the transmission gear in which the work machine is operating being equal to said predetermined gear.

17. A control system for controlling the front axle differential assembly associated with a work machine wherein the work machine includes a drive transmission system, a plurality of axles having wheels associated respectively therewith including a front axle, a differential assembly associated with at least the front axle and coupled with the transmission system for turning the wheels associated with the front axle, each of the differential assemblies having a locking mechanism operable between an unlocked condition wherein wheel turning is unaffected and such wheels turn differentially and a locked condition wherein wheel turning is affected and such wheels turn at the same speed, said control system comprising:

a first switch positionable to select at least the front axle differential assembly for operation in its locked condition, said first switch outputting a signal indicative of the differential assemblies selected for operation in their locked condition;

a second switch actuatable to control the locking of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of the said first switch, said second switch being actuatable between a first state corresponding to the condition when an operator is not requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies and a second state corresponding to the condition when an operator is requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies;

a steering pressure sensor for determining the steering effort required to turn the wheels associated with the front axle; and

an electronic controller coupled with said first and second switches and with said steering sensor for receiving signals therefrom, said controller being operable to receive a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of when said second switch is in its first or second state, and a signal indicative of the steering effort being exerted by an operator in order to steer the work machine;

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the front differential assembly when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of said front axle differential assembly having been selected for operation in its locked condition, a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the steering effort being below a predetermined amount.

18. The control system, as set forth in claim 17, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of the steering effort exceeding said predetermined amount.

19. A control system for controlling at least one differential assembly associated with a work machine wherein the work machine includes a drive transmission system, a plurality of axles having wheels associated respectively therewith including a front axle, an interaxle, a differential assembly associated with at least some of the axles including the front axle for turning the wheels associated with at least some of the axles, each of the differential assemblies having a locking mechanism operable between an unlocked condition wherein wheel turning is unaffected and such wheels turn differentially and a locked condition wherein wheel turning is affected and such wheels turn at the same speed, said control system comprising:

a first switch positionable to select at least one of the differential assemblies for operation in its locked condition, said first switch outputting a signal indicative of the differential assemblies selected for operation in their locked condition;

a second switch actuatable to control the locking of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of the said first switch, said second switch being actuatable between a first state corresponding to the condition when an operator is not requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies and a second state corresponding to the condition when an operator is requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies;

a ground speed sensor for determining the ground speed of the work machine;

a steering pressure sensor for determining the steering effort required to turn the wheels associated with the front axle; and

an electronic controller coupled with said first and second switches and with said ground speed sensor and said steering sensor for receiving signals therefrom, said controller being operable to receive a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of when said second switch is in its first or second state, a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine, and a signal indicative of the steering effort being exerted by an operator in order to steer the work machine;

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the selected differential assemblies except for the front axle differential assembly when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine being below a predetermined ground speed; and

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of the front axle differential having been selected for operation in its locked condition, a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine being below a predetermined ground speed, and a signal indicative of the steering effort being below a predetermined amount.

20. The control system, as set forth in claim 19, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the respective locking mechanisms of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch when said controller receives a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine exceeding said predetermined ground speed.

21. The control system, as set forth in claim 19, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the locking mechanism of the front axle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of the steering effort exceeding said predetermined amount.

22. A control system for controlling at least one differential assembly associated with a work machine wherein the work machine includes a drive transmission system, a plurality of axles having wheels associated respectively therewith, an interaxle, a differential assembly associated with at least some of the axles including the interaxle for turning the wheels associated with at least some of the axles, each of the differential assemblies having a locking mechanism operable between an unlocked condition wherein wheel turning is unaffected and such wheels turn differentially and a locked condition wherein wheel turning is affected and such wheels turn at the same speed, said control system comprising:

a first switch positionable to select at least one of the differential assemblies for operation in its locked condition, said first switch outputting a signal indicative of the differential assemblies selected for operation in their locked condition;

a second switch actuatable to control the locking of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of the said first switch, said second switch being actuatable between a first state corresponding to the condition when an operator is not requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies and a second state corresponding to the condition when an operator is requesting actuation of the locking mechanisms associated with the selected differential assemblies;

a ground speed sensor for determining the ground speed of the work machine; and

an electronic controller coupled with said first and second switches and with said ground speed sensor for receiving signals therefrom, said controller being operable to receive a signal from said first switch indicative of which differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of when said second switch is in its first or second state, and a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine;

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of the interaxle differential when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of the interaxle differential having been selected for operation in its locked condition, and a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state; and

said controller outputting a signal to actuate the locking mechanism of any remaining selected differential assemblies when said controller receives a signal from said first switch indicative of which additional differential assemblies have been selected for operation in their locked condition, a signal indicative of said second switch being in its second state, and a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine being below a predetermined ground speed.

23. The control system, as set forth in claim 22, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the respective locking mechanisms of the differential assemblies selected by the positioning of said first switch except for the interaxle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of the ground speed of the work machine exceeding said predetermined ground speed.

24. The control system, as set forth in claim 22, wherein said controller outputs a signal to disengage the locking mechanism of the interaxle differential when said controller receives a signal indicative of said second switch being in its first state.