File server for multimedia file distribution

• US 6,085,221 A
• Filed: 09/02/1997
• Issued: 07/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 01/08/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Graf, Marcel
• Primary Examiner(s): Asta, Frank J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): VU, THONG H
• Application Number:
  US08/894,907
• Time in Patent Office: 1,036 Days
• Field of Search: 395/888, 395/500, 455/5.1, 455/502, 709/120, 709/202, 709/243, 709/231, 370/88, 370/82, 370/85.15, 370/216, 370/17, 370/348, 364/514
• US Class Current: 709/202
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/21 Server components or server architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23 Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4622 Retrieving content or additional data from different sources, e.g. from a broadcast channel and the Internet web site content organization and management for information retrieval from the Internet G06F16/958; transmission by internet of broadcast information H04H60/82; stock exchange data over packet-switching network H04L12/1804; push services including data channel over packet-switching network H04L12/1859
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4782 Web browsing , e.g. WebTV
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/17336 Handling of requests in head-ends

Abstract

Disclosed is a technique for distribution of multimedia files from file servers (110) over arbitrary telecommunication networks (150) to consumers (160) where those networks offer connections of a certain bandwidth for transmission. The consumers deliver requests for presentation of multimedia files, and the file servers deliver those files with respect to said requests for presentation. According to the proposed method, the transmission rates of the multimedia files are smoothed by spreading the transmission over time leading to additional delays in the delivery of said information. Minimum transmission rates for maximum values of the delays are calculated, and these values are provided as control data for the transmission. These control data are appended to the respective multimedia files, and the multimedia files are delivered to the receivers with respective additional delays between the requests for presentation and the presentation of the files, corresponding to the maximum delays. By the proposed method, time critical files being encoded with a variable amount of data over time, like video-on-demand files, can be transmitted with constant quality despite given fluctuations in the amount of coded data, and without any interaction of the user, and thus a continuous play-back of a demanded video is provided.

Claims

1. A method for delivering digitized multimedia files in a multimedia file distribution environment, where the information amount of said multimedia files changes over time, said file distribution environment comprising:

a network (150) offering connections of a limited bandwidth for transmission of said multimedia files;

a plurality of receivers (160) delivering requests for presentation of said multimedia files, which are connected to said network, said receivers (160) comprising local buffers (170) storing said information before presentation of the multimedia files; and

a plurality of file servers (110) storing said multimedia files, and delivering said multimedia files with respect to said requests for presentation, said files servers being connected to said network;

wherein said method is characterized by the steps of;

smoothing the transmission rates of said multimedia files by spreading transmission of said information over time, which leads to additional delays in the delivery of said information;

calculating minimum transmission rates for maximum values of said delays, and providing said values as control data for the transmission, wherein the sizes of said local buffers are used for said calculation;

appending said control data to respective multimedia files; and

delivering said appended multimedia files to said receivers (160) with respective additional delays between said requests for presentation and the presentation of said files corresponding to said maximum delays, wherein a respective file server determines from said receiver buffer size the minimal peak transmission rate required for a particular multimedia file, a data communication channel to a respective receiver is set up by reserving said peak transmission rate in said network (150), said file server determines said minimum delay from said receiver buffer size and chosen peak transmission rate, and provides this value to said receiver, and said receiver (160) delays decoding of said multimedia file to fill said receiver buffer at initialization.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said control data are calculated by parsing said multimedia files, and, for a given data rate R'"'"', with the help of buffer underflow/overflow curves

calculating the minimum additional delay by determining the intersection with the t-axis of all straight lines of slope R'"'"' that intersect or touch said buffer underflow curve, and determining, as minimum delay, the maximum distance between the intersection point and the time instant of consumption of the first Data Unit, and

calculating the minimum receiver buffer size B by determining the minimum distance between said underflow and said overflow curve so that a schedule with a peak rate R fits between said two curves.

3. Method according to claim 1;

characterized in that the multimedia files are transmitted using a rate control that alternates between an idle state and an active state transmission with rate R.

4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that

a respective receiver reports its local buffer size to a respective file server;

said network tells the transmission delay experienced on the connection for transfer of a respective multimedia file from said file server to said receiver; and

said file server determines, with respect to said control data, a respective operating point of said network for transfer of said multimedia file.

5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said control data are calculated by parsing said multimedia files, and, for a given data rate R'"'"', with the help of buffer underflow/overflow curves

calculating the minimum additional delay by determining the intersection with the t-axis of all straight lines of slope R'"'"' that intersect or touch said buffer underflow curve, and determining, as minimum delay, the maximum distance between the intersection point and the time instant of consumption of the first Data Unit, and

calculating the minimum receiver buffer size B by determining the minimum distance between said underflow and said overflow curve so that a schedule with a peak rate R fits between said two curves.

6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said control data are calculated by parsing said multimedia files, and, for a given data rate R'"'"', with the help of buffer underflow/overflow curves

calculating the minimum additional delay by determining the intersection with the t-axis of all straight lines of slope R'"'"' that intersect or touch said buffer underflow curve, and determining, as minimum delay, the maximum distance between the intersection point and the time instant of consumption of the first Data Unit, and

calculating the minimum receiver buffer size B by determining the minimum distance between said underflow and said overflow curve so that a schedule with a peak rate R fits between said two curves.

7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the multimedia files are transmitted using a rate control that alternates between an idle state and an active state transmission with rate R.

8. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the multimedia files are transmitted using a rate control that alternates between an idle state and an active state transmission with rate R.

9. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the multimedia files are transmitted using a rate control that alternates between an idle state and an active state transmission with rate R.

10. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the multimedia files are transmitted using a rate control that alternates between an idle state and an active state transmission with rate R.

11. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the multimedia files are transmitted using a rate control that alternates between an idle state and an active state transmission with rate R.