Braking torque control system and method for wheeled vehicle having regenerative braking torque generator and frictional braking torque generator

• US 6,086,166 A
• Filed: 06/10/1998
• Issued: 07/11/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/10/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Fukasawa, Tsukasa
• Primary Examiner(s): Oberleitner, Robert J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SY, MARIANO ONG
• Application Number:
  US09/094,483
• Time in Patent Office: 762 Days
• Field of Search: 303/152, 303/122, 303/112, 303/3, 303/122.13, 303/122.12, 303/122.08, 303/122.04, 303/122.05, 180/65.2, 180/65.3, 180/65.8, 318/376
• US Class Current: 303/152
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2009 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2054 by controlling transmissions or clutches
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/26 by pedal actuation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/145 Structure borne vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0023 Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0076 relating to braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0084 relating to control modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/102 of individual wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/108 whilst braking, i.e. ABS
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/26 Controlling the braking effect
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2270/402 Back-up
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2270/602 : ABS features related thereto
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 8/17636 : Microprocessor-based systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A braking torque control system has a regenerative braking torque generator and a frictional braking torque generator and can control a total braking torque when there is failure in exchanging data between the regenerative braking torque generator and the hydraulic braking torque generator. In particular, when there is an abnormality in the exchanging of data, the target regenerative braking torque is reduced.

Claims

1. A braking torque control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a regenerative braking torque generator that provides regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

a frictional braking torque generator that provides frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices against brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

a controller that controls the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator to provide a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, on the basis of data exchanging between the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator, the controller reducing the regenerative braking torque generated by the regenerative braking torque generator when there is a failure in the data exchanging.

2. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein:

the regenerative braking torque generator includes a regenerative braking torque subordinate controller that controls the regenerative braking torque based on data supplied from the frictional braking torque generator;

the frictional braking torque generator includes a frictional braking torque subordinate controller that controls the frictional braking torque based on data supplied from the regenerative braking torque generator; and

the controller includes a data exchanging fail-detecting device that detects whether the data exchanging between the regenerative braking torque subordinate controller and the frictional braking torque subordinate controller has failed.

3. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein:

the regenerative braking torque generator includes the electric motor connected to the wheels, a battery that supplies power to the electric motor, an inverter installed between the battery and the electric motor and a motor controller that controls a braking torque of the electric motor by controlling the inverter in order to provide the regenerative braking torque to the wheels;

the frictional braking torque generator includes a frictional brake that presses a brake pad against the brake element that rotates with the wheels, a pressure controller that controls a pressure of the brake pad pressing against the brake element in order to provide the frictional braking torque to the wheel; and

the controller includes a controller data exchanging fail-detecting device that detects whether the data exchanging between the motor controller and the pressure controller has failed.

4. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein:

the controller gradually reduces the regenerative braking torque; and

the frictional braking torque generator includes a frictional braking torque controller that controls the frictional braking torque so that the frictional braking torque reaches the total braking torque on the basis of brake operating power provided by an operator.

5. The braking torque control system according to claim 4, wherein the controller determines a changing rate of the regenerative braking torque to be no greater than a maximum possible changing rate of the frictional braking torque and smaller than a maximum possible changing rate of the regenerative braking torque.

6. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein:

the controller gradually reduces the regenerative braking torque; and

the frictional braking torque generator gradually increases the frictional braking torque at a changing rate that is the same as a changing rate of the regenerative braking torque.

7. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein:

the regenerative braking torque generator includes a regenerative braking torque target-controller that controls the regenerative braking torque to reach a target regenerative braking torque on the basis of data referring to the target regenerative braking torque;

the frictional braking torque generator includes a hydraulic-braking-torque-actual-controller that controls the frictional braking torque based on data referring to an actual regenerative braking torque transmitted from the regenerative braking torque generator; and

the controller reduces the regenerative braking torque at a prescribed rate when there is a failure to receive the data referring to the target regenerative braking torque.

8. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein:

the regenerative braking torque generator includes a regenerative braking torque subordinate controller that controls the regenerative braking torque to reach a target regenerative braking torque based on data from the frictional braking torque generator;

the frictional braking torque generator includes a frictional braking torque subordinate controller that controls the frictional braking torque based on data referring to an actual regenerative braking torque transmitted from the regenerative braking torque generator; and

the controller reduces a value of data referring to the target regenerative braking torque transmitted to the regenerative braking torque generator when the frictional braking torque generator does not correctly receive the data referring to the actual regenerative braking torque.

9. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein the frictional braking torque generator includes a hydraulic actuator that presses a brake pad against the brake element by hydraulic pressure.

10. The braking torque control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller reduces the regenerative braking torque generated by the regenerative braking torque generator and increases the frictional braking torque generated by the frictional braking torque generator when there is failure of the data exchanging.

11. A braking torque control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a regenerative braking torque generator that provides regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

a frictional braking torque generator that provides frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices against brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

a controller that controls the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator to provide a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, on the basis of data exchanging between the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator, the controller increasing the frictional braking torque generated by the frictional braking torque generator when there is a failure in the data exchanging.

12. A braking torque control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a regenerative braking torque generator that provides regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

a frictional braking torque generator that provides frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices against brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

a controller that controls the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator to provide a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, on the basis of data exchanging between the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator, the controller being selectively operative in (a) a priority-regenerative braking torque controlling mode in which the frictional braking torque is controlled based on the regenerative braking torque and (b) a priority-frictional-braking torque controlling mode in which the regenerative braking torque is controlled based on increasing the frictional braking torque;

the controller switching from the priority-regenerating braking torque controlling mode to the priority-frictional braking torque controlling mode when there is a failure of the data exchanging.

13. The braking torque control system according to claim 12, wherein the priority-frictional braking torque controlling mode increases the frictional braking torque at a constant rate.

14. A braking torque control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a regenerative braking torque generator that provides regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

a frictional braking torque generator that provides frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices against brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

a controller that controls the regenerative braking torque generator and the frictional braking torque generator to provide a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, the controller prohibiting the regenerative braking torque generated by the regenerative braking torque generator from being reduced at a changing rate that is greater than a maximum possible changing rate of the frictional braking torque, said maximum possible changing rate of the frictional braking torque being smaller than a maximum possible changing rate of the regenerative braking torque.

15. A method of controlling braking torque for a wheeled vehicle, comprising the steps of:

providing regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

providing frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices against brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

controlling a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, on the basis of data exchanging between a regenerative braking torque generator and a frictional braking torque generator, wherein the regenerative braking torque is reduced when there is a failure in the data exchanging.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein:

when there is a failure in the data exchanging, the regenerative braking torque is gradually reduced; and

the frictional braking torque is controlled to reach the total braking torque on the basis of brake operating power provided by an operator.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein a changing rate of the regenerative braking torque is controlled to be no greater than a maximum possible changing rate of the frictional braking torque and smaller than a maximum possible changing rate of the regenerative braking torque.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein:

when there is a failure in the data exchanging, the regenerative braking torque is gradually reduced; and

the frictional braking torque is gradually increased at a changing rate that is the same as a changing rate of the regenerative braking torque.

19. A method of controlling braking torque for a wheeled vehicle, comprising the steps of:

providing regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

providing frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices on brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

controlling a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, on the basis of data exchanging between a regenerative braking torque generator and a frictional braking torque generator, wherein the frictional braking torque is increased when there is a failure in the data exchanging.

20. A method of controlling braking torque for a wheeled vehicle, comprising the steps of:

providing regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

providing frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices on brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

controlling a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, on the basis of data exchanging between a regenerative braking torque generator and a frictional braking torque generator, by selectively operating in (a) a priority-regenerative braking torque controlling mode in which the frictional braking torque is controlled based on the regenerative braking torque and (b) a priority-frictional-braking braking torque controlling mode in which the regenerative braking torque is controlled based on increasing the frictional braking torque; and

switching from the priority-regenerating braking torque controlling mode to the priority-frictional braking torque controlling mode when there is a failure of the data exchanging.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the priority-frictional braking torque controlling mode increases the frictional braking torque at a constant rate.

22. A method of controlling braking torque for a wheeled vehicle, comprising the steps of:

providing regenerative braking torque to the wheels by a regenerative brake action of an electric motor connected to the wheels;

providing frictional braking torque to the wheels by pressing friction devices against brake elements that rotate with the wheels; and

controlling a total braking torque, which is a combination of the regenerative braking torque and the frictional braking torque, wherein the regenerative braking torque generated by the regenerative braking torque generator is prohibited from being reduced at a changing rate that is greater than a maximum possible changing rate of the frictional braking torque, said maximum possible changing rate of the frictional braking torque being smaller than a maximum possible changing rate of the regenerative braking torque.