Input device

• US 6,091,405 A
• Filed: 08/08/1994
• Issued: 07/18/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Lowe, Anthony Cyril, Pietrzak, Christopher C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mengistu, Amare
• Application Number:
  US08/287,070
• Time in Patent Office: 2,171 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18, 178/18.09, 345/175, 250/221, 250/222.1, 250/229, 250/238, 356/375, 341/13, 341/5, 364/477, 395/94
• US Class Current: 345/175
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0423 using sweeping light beams, e.g. using rotating or vibrating mirror

Abstract

An input device for a visual display comprising a light source and a scanner for angularly scanning a light beam from the light source across a plane. A photodetector detects interruption of the beam by an article positioned in the plane. The scanner comprises a shutter having a linear array of addressable, electrically actuable shutter elements. Each element is operable to transmit or block light from the light source under the control of a corresponding electrical signal. Because the light beam is scanned by a shutter rather than a mechanical scanner, the device is advantageously more reliable than conventional electromechanical optical input devices.

Claims

1. An input device for a visual display screen, the device comprising a first assembly including:

a source of diverging light comprising rays directed substantially parallel to the surface of the screen, said rays substantially covering the screen

a shutter disposed to interrupt a portion of said light before it reaches the screen, said shutter comprising an array of shutter elements, each element having a unique address, further wherein each element has a transparent state in which light from said light source is transmitted and an opaque state in which light from said light source is blocked;

shutter drive circuit means coupled to said shutter elements for controlling the state of each of said shutter elements so as to provide a scanning light beam as an output of said shutter; and

a photodetector for detecting interruption of said light beam by an article positioned in the plane and for providing a first output signal upon detecting said interruption of said light beam.

2. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein a single shutter element in said array is in said transparent state at any given time and wherein the location within said array of said single element in said transparent state changes with time.

3. A device as recited in claim 1, further comprising processor means, coupled with said photodetector to receive said first output signal, for determining, upon receipt of said first output signal, the address of said shutter element transmitting an interrupted beam.

4. A device as recited in claim 1, further comprising a second assembly that is identical to said first assembly and is positioned relative to said first assembly so that light beams from said first assembly intersect light beams from said second assembly.

5. A device as recited in claim 4, further comprising processor means, coupled with said first and second assemblies, for determining the address of shutter elements in said first and second assemblies transmitting interrupted beams and for determining the position of said article based on said addresses of said shutter elements.

6. A device as recited in claim 4, wherein said device includes a bezel and said first and second assemblies are located at adjacent corners of said bezel.

7. A device as recited in claim 1, further comprising processor means adapted to track the position of articles substantially in the plane by making transparent only elements of the array transmitting interrupted beams.

8. A device as recited in claim 7, wherein the elements of the array made transparent also include elements on either side of elements of the array transmitting interrupted beams to permit limited overscanning.

9. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein said light source is a laser.

10. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein said means to provide a diverging envelope of rays comprises a diverging lens.

11. A device as recited in claim 1, further comprising a mirror for directing said diverging envelope of rays towards said shutter.

12. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein said light source further comprises a condenser for producing a substantially collimated light beam.

13. A device as recited in claim 1, further comprising a pulse generator coupled with said light source for generating a pulse signal, said light source is driven by said pulse signal so as to generate pulses of light.

14. A device as recited in claim 13, further comprising a phase-locked loop circuit for phase-locking said output of said photodetector to said pulse signal.

15. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein the photodetector comprises a bandpass filter adapted to substantially prevent the photodetector from detecting light of wavelengths that are not generated by the light source.

16. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein the photodetector is positioned to receive light reflected from an article positioned in the plane.

17. A device as recited in claim 16, wherein said article is a retroreflective stylus positioned in the plane.

18. A device as recited in claim 1, wherein said photodetector and said source of diverging light are located at the same corner of a bevel.

19. A scanner for angularly scanning a light beam, said scanner comprising:

a source of diverging light

a shutter disposed to interrupt a portion of said light, said shutter comprising an array of shutter elements, each element having a unique address, further wherein each element has a transparent state in which light from said light source is transmitted and an opaque state in which light from said light source is blocked; and

shutter drive circuit means coupled to said shutter elements for controlling the state of each of said shutter elements so as to provide a scanning light beam as an output of said shutter.

20. A scanner as recited in claim 19, wherein

said array comprises a linear array;

and

said shutter drive circuit means further comprises address means for sequentially addressing adjacent elements in said array so as to cause said addressed elements to sequentially assume said transparent state, thereby causing light beams from said light source to be scanned.

21. A scanner as recited in claim 19, wherein said array is a linear array.

22. A scanner as recited in claim 19, wherein a single shutter element in said array is in said transparent state at any given time and wherein the location within said array of said single element in said transparent state changes with time.

23. A shutter as recited in claim 22, wherein said shutter drive circuit means further comprises address means for changing a first element in said opaque state to said transparent state at about the time an adjacent second element in said transparent state changes to said opaque state.

24. A shutter as recited in claim 23, wherein said shutter drive circuit means further comprises address means for changing states sequentially in adjacent elements repeatedly in a specified direction along a linear portion of said array, thereby scanning a transmitted beam in said direction.

25. A shutter as recited in claim 19, wherein said array is a linear array, said shutter drive circuit means further comprises address means so only one element of said array of shutter elements is in said transparent state at any time, at about the time a first element in said transparent state changes to said opaque state, an element in said opaque state adjacent said first element changes to said transparent state and states change sequentially in adjacent elements repeatedly in a specified direction along said linear array, thereby scanning a transmitted beam in said direction.

26. A visual display comprising a visual display screen and an input device, said device comprising a first assembly including:

a source of diverging light comprising rays directed substantially parallel to the surface of the screen, said rays substantially covering the screen

a shutter disposed to interrupt a portion of said light before it reaches the screen, said shutter comprising an array of shutter elements, each element having a unique address, further wherein each element has a transparent state in which light from said light source is transmitted and an opaque state in which light from said light source is blocked;

shutter drive circuit means coupled to said shutter elements for controlling the state of each of said shutter elements so as to provide a scanning light beam as an output of said shutter; and

a photodetector for detecting interruption of said light beam by an article positioned in the plane and for providing a first output signal upon detecting said interruption of said light beam.

27. A system comprising a processor and a visual display, said display comprising a visual display screen and an input device, said device comprising a first assembly including:

a source of diverging light comprising rays directed substantially parallel to the surface of the screen, said rays substantially covering the screen

a shutter disposed to interrupt a portion of said light before it reaches the screen, said shutter comprising an array of shutter elements, each element having a unique address, further wherein each element has a transparent state in which light from said light source is transmitted and an opaque state in which light from said light source is blocked;

shutter drive circuit means coupled to said shutter elements for controlling the state of each of said shutter elements so as to provide a scanning light beam as an output of said shutter; and

a photodetector for detecting interruption of said light beam by an article positioned in the plane and for providing a first output signal upon detecting said interruption of said light beam.