Optical polarizer

• US 6,096,375 A
• Filed: 02/16/1999
• Issued: 08/01/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/21/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Weber, Michael F., Ouderkirk, Andrew J., Stover, Carl A., Jonza, James M.
• Primary Examiner(s): BELL, JANYCE A
• Application Number:
  US09/251,081
• Time in Patent Office: 532 Days
• Field of Search: 427/163.1, 427/164, 427/407.1, 427/171-173, 359/485, 359/490, 359/491, 359/494, 359/500
• US Class Current: 427/163.1
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 55/023 using multilayered plates or sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B29D 11/00 Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms grinding or polishing of optical elements B24B; constructional form of optical elements G02B; optical parts of spectacles G02C7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/003 Reflective
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0034 Polarising
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/023 Optical properties
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/283 used for beam splitting or combining
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/3025 Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state G02B5/3008, G02B5/3016 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/305 including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/3083 Birefringent or phase retarding elements G02B5/3008, G02B5/3016 take precedence; systems for polarisation control G02B27/286; manufacturing phase modulating patterns by lithographic processes G03F7/001
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133536 Reflective polarizers G02F1/13362 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133545 Dielectric stack polarisers
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13362 providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one

Abstract

A reflective polarizer and a dichroic polarizer are combined to provide an improved optical polarizer. The dichroic and reflective polarizers are typically in close proximity to each other, and are preferably bonded together to eliminate the air gap between the polarizers. The combination of the two polarizers provides a high reflectivity of one polarization and high transmission for the perpendicular polarization from the reflective polarizer side of the combined polarizer, and high absorption and transmission for light of orthogonal polarization from the dichroic polarizer side. The combination also reduces iridescence as seen in transmission and when viewed in reflection from the dichroic polarizer side. The increased extinction ratio and low reflectivity of the optical polarizer allows use of a lower extinction ratio dichroic polarizer in applications requiring a given extinction ratio and high transmission.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a polarizer, comprising the steps of:

providing a reflective polarizer film including a polymeric material that becomes birefringent upon stretching;

coating polyvinyl alcohol onto the reflective polarizer film; and

stretching the coated reflective polarizer film to orient both the polymeric material of the reflective polarizer film and the polyvinyl alcohol.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of staining the oriented polyvinyl alcohol.

3. A method as recited in claim 2, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is stained using a dye based staining solution.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of priming the reflective polarizer film prior to coating the polyvinyl alcohol to improve adhesion of the polyvinyl alcohol to the reflective polarizing film.

5. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer film further comprises a second polymeric material.

6. A method as recited in claim 5, wherein the reflective polarizer film comprises alternating layers of the birefringent material and the second material.

7. A method as recited in claim 5, wherein the second material is isotropic.

8. A method as recited in claim 4, wherein the stretching step is performed at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of at least one of the birefringent material and the second material.

9. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is continuously coated onto a cast web of the reflective polarizer film.

10. A method as recited in claim 7, wherein the stretching step comprises the step of stretching the coated web of the reflective polarizer in the cross-web direction using a tenter.

11. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the stretching step is performed at a temperature sufficient to orient the polyvinyl alcohol and induce birefringence in the birefringent material.

12. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the stretching step comprises the step of stretching the coated reflective polarizer film in a first direction while allowing the coated reflective polarizer film to dimensionally relax in a second direction.

13. A method as recited in claim 1 where in the stretching step is performed at a temperature between 100 and 160°

C.

14. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the coated reflective polarizer film is stretched from 3 to 6 times its dimension prior to stretching.

15. A polarizer manufactured according to the process of claim 1.

16. A display incorporating the polarizer of claim 1.

17. A display as recited in claim 16, further comprising an optical cavity wherein the polarizer is laminated to the optical cavity.

18. A display as recited in claim 16, further comprising an optical cavity and a display module, the polarizer being disposed between the optical cavity and the display module.

19. A display as recited in claim 18, wherein the polarizer is disposed as a rear polarizer in a transmissive display.

20. A method for manufacturing a polarizer comprising the step of simultaneously stretching a film having a first material which becomes birefringent upon stretching to form a reflective polarizer and a second material used to form a dichroic polarizer.

21. A method as recited in claim 20, wherein the second material comprises polyvinyl alcohol.