Printing system and method for recording images using multivaluing techniques

• US 6,099,105 A
• Filed: 03/17/1998
• Issued: 08/08/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 07/18/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Seiko Epson Corporation (Seiko Group)
• Original Assignee: Seiko Epson Corporation (Seiko Group)
• Inventors: Kakutani, Toshiaki
• Primary Examiner(s): Royer, William J.
• Application Number:
  US09/029,865
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 347/15, 347/43
• US Class Current: 347/15
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/2125 by means of nozzle diameter selection
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/40087 Multi-toning, i.e. converting a continuous-tone signal for reproduction with more than two discrete brightnesses or optical densities, e.g. dots of grey and black inks on white paper
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/52 Circuits or arrangements for halftone screening

Abstract

A system which enables a printer to print images with a plurality of dots having different densities per unit area to appropriately determine the on/off state of the plurality of dots and thereby improve the printing quality. The system of the present invention first refers to a table of a recording ratio with respect to a higher-density ink and determines whether or not deep dots are to be formed, based on input tone data, according to a systematic dither method. When it is determined that deep dots are formed, the system drives a piezoelectric element PE of an ink head corresponding to the higher-density ink to form deep dots and computes a resulting value RV of the deep dots. When it is determined that deep dots are not formed, the system sets the resulting value RV of the deep dots equal to zero, determines whether or not light dots are to be formed by a lower-density ink, based on the input tone data, according to an error diffusion technique, and computes a resulting value RV of the light dots. The on/off control of the light dots minimizes a density error or a difference of a resulting image from an original image. Another applicable structure makes the existence or non-existence of dots by an achromatic color ink reflect upon formation of dots by cyan ink.

Claims

1. A printing system with a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area on an object, for recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said printing system comprising:

input means for successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

recording density setting means for specifying a recording density to be realized by at least a selected one of a dot having a higher density per unit area, that is, a higher-density dot, and a dot having a lower density per unit area, that is, a lower-density dot, which are both included in said at least two different dots having different densities, based on the input tone signal;

first dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation based on the specified recording density, and determining whether or not the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed;

second dot formation determination means for making a result of the multivaluing operation by said first dot formation determination means reflect upon a recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot, causing the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot to be subjected to a multivaluing operation according to the reflected recording density, and determining whether or not the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed; and

head driving means for driving the head based on results of the determination by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area.

2. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said recording density setting means specifies a recording density to be realized by the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot as well as a recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower density dot, based on the input tone signal,

said printing system further comprising:

recording density correcting means for obtaining correction data, which reflects upon the recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot, based on the result of the multivaluing operation with respect to the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot, in order to correct the recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot,

in which said second dot formation determination means determines whether or not the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed, based on the corrected recording density.

3. A printing system in accordance with claim 2, wherein said recording density correcting means carries out the correction to reflect a local recording density based on the result of the multivaluing operation by said first dot formation determination means and to cause a mean recording density in a specified range to be substantially equal to the recording density to be realized by the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot.

4. A printing system in accordance with claim 2, wherein said recording density correcting means adds a difference between the recording density to be realized by the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot and the recording density realized by the result of the multivaluing operation by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means to the recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot.

5. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first dot formation determination means determines whether or not a first dot selected among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area is to be formed, based on the input tone signal, prior to determination for formation of the other dots,

when said first dot formation determination means determines no formation of the first dot, said second dot formation determination means determining whether or not a second dot having a different density per unit area from that of the first dot is to be formed,

said printing system further comprising:

error diffusion means for computing a difference between a printing density corresponding to the input tone signal and a printing density realized by the formed dots as a density error, based on the determination of dot formation by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means, and distributing the density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of a current target pixel of dot formation, in order to reflect upon the determination of dot formation with respect to the peripheral pixels by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means.

6. A printing system in accordance with claim 5, wherein said head discharges chromatic color inks to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area as well as an achromatic color ink to form an achromatic dot,

said printing system further comprising:

third dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink, so as to determine whether or not the achromatic dot is to be formed by said achromatic color ink; and

determination modifying means for activating said first dot formation determination means, said second dot formation determination means, and said error diffusion means, based on the result of multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink by said third dot formation determination means.

7. A printing system in accordance with claim 6, wherein when said third dot formation determination means determines formation of the achromatic dot, the calculation of the density error by said error diffusion means is carried out by a technique that is different from the technique applied for the calculation when said first dot formation determination means determines formation of the selected dot.

8. A printing system in accordance with claim 6, wherein said head discharges at least two inks of different densities with respect to at least either one of cyan and magenta.

9. A printing system in accordance with claim 6, wherein said head discharges cyan and magenta inks to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area,

said head discharging black ink in addition to said cyan and magenta inks, so as to form a black dot,

said third dot formation determination means determining whether or not the black dot is to be formed by said black ink,

when said third dot formation determination means determines formation of the black dot by said black ink, said determination modifying means assuming that said first dot formation determination means determines formation of a selected dot among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area by said cyan and magenta inks and activating said second dot formation determination means and said error diffusion means.

10. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first dot formation determination means carries out the determination for the dot having a higher density per unit area.

11. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first dot formation determination means carries out the determination for the dot having a lower density per unit area.

12. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, said printing system further comprising:

error diffusion means for computing a difference between the recording density specified by said recording density setting means and a recording density realized by said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area as a density error, based on the determination of dot formation by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means, and distributing the density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of a current target pixel of dot formation, in order to reflect upon the determination of dot formation with respect to the peripheral pixels by said second dot formation determination means.

13. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first dot formation determination means determines formation or non-formation of the dot by a dither method.

14. A printing system in accordance with claim 13, wherein said first dot formation determination means uses a threshold matrix of discrete dither.

15. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said head discharges at least two inks of different densities, so as to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area.

16. A printing system in accordance with claim 15, wherein said at least two inks of different densities comprise a higher-density ink and a lower-density ink and a dye density of said lower-density ink is approximately one quarter a dye density of said higher-density ink.

17. A printing system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second dot formation determination means comprises:

local effect computing means for calculating a local effect from the recording density of the selected dot, which is subjected to determination of dot formation by said first dot formation determination means, and a printing density realized by the selected dot; and

recording density correcting means for correcting the recording density to be realized by the other dot by taking into account the local effect, so as to affect the determination of dot formation with respect to the other dot.

18. A printing system in accordance with claim 17, wherein said local effect computing means calculates a difference between the recording density of the selected dot and the printing density realized by the selected dot as a local error,

said recording density correcting means adding a product of the local error and a predetermined weight to the recording density to be realized by the other dot, so as to affect the determination of dot formation with respect to the other dot.

19. A printing system with a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area on an object, for recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said printing system comprising:

input means for successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

recording density setting means for specifying a first dot recording density, that is, a tone value to be realized by a first dot selected among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on the input tone signal;

first dot formation determination means for determining whether or not the first dot is to be formed, based on the first dot recording density;

correction signal computing means for computing a correction signal by adding quantization errors distributed from peripheral processed pixels in the vicinity of said target pixel to the input tone signal;

second dot formation determination means for, when said first dot formation determination means determines no formation of the first dot, determining whether or not a second dot having a different density per unit area from that of the first dot is to be formed, based on the correction signal;

head driving means for driving the head based on results of the determination by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area; and

error diffusion means for computing a quantization error, which is a difference between the correction signal and a tone value realized by the formed dots, as a density error, based on the results of the determination by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means, and distributing and diffusing the computed density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of said target pixel.

20. A printing system in accordance with claim 19, wherein said head discharges chromatic color inks to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area as well as an achromatic color ink to form an achromatic dot,

said printing system further comprising:

third dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink, so as to determine whether or not the achromatic dot is to be formed by said achromatic color ink; and

determination modifying means for activating said first dot formation determination means, said second dot formation determination means, and said error diffusion means, based on the result of multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink by said third dot formation determination means.

21. A printing system in accordance with claim 20, wherein when said third dot formation determination means determines formation of the achromatic dot, the calculation of the density error by said error diffusion means is carried out by a technique that is different from the technique applied for the calculation when said first dot formation determination means determines formation of the selected dot.

22. A printing system in accordance with claim 20, wherein said head discharges at least two inks of different densities with respect to at least either one of cyan and magenta.

23. A printing system in accordance with claim 20, wherein said head discharges cyan and magenta inks to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area,

said head discharging black ink in addition to said cyan and magenta inks, so as to form a black dot,

said third dot formation determination means determining whether or not the black dot is to be formed by said black ink,

when said third dot formation determination means determines formation of the black dot by said black ink, said determination modifying means assuming that said first dot formation determination means determines formation of a selected dot among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area by said cyan and magenta inks and activating said second dot formation determination means and said error diffusion means.

24. A printing system with a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area by a chromatic color ink as well as an achromatic dot by an achromatic color ink on an object, for recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said printing system comprising:

input means for successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

density specifying means for specifying a density to be realized by said chromatic color ink and a density to be realized by said achromatic color ink, based on the input tone signal;

achromatic dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink, based on the density to be realized by said achromatic color ink, and determining whether or not the achromatic dot is to be formed by said achromatic color ink;

density correcting means for obtaining correction data, which reflects upon the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink, based on the result of the multivaluing operation with respect to said achromatic color ink, in order to correct the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink;

chromatic dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation with respect to said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on the corrected density to be realized by said chromatic color ink, and determining whether or not said at least two different dots are to be formed; and

head driving means for driving the head based on results of the determination by said achromatic dot formation determination means and said chromatic dot formation determination means, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area by said chromatic color ink and said achromatic dot by said achromatic color ink.

25. A printing system in accordance with claim 24, said printing system further comprising:

error diffusion means for computing a difference between a printing density corresponding to the input tone signal and a printing density realized by the dots of said achromatic color ink and said chromatic color ink as a density error, based on the determination of dot formation by said achromatic dot formation determination means and said chromatic dot formation determination means, and distributing the density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of a current target pixel of dot formation, in order to reflect upon the determination of dot formation with respect to the peripheral pixels by said achromatic dot formation determination means and said chromatic dot formation determination means.

26. A printing system in accordance with claim 24, wherein said density correcting means carries out the correction to reflect a local achromatic color ink density based on the result of the multivaluing operation with respect to the dot of said achromatic color ink and to cause a mean achromatic color density in a specified range to be substantially equal to a density to be realized by said achromatic color ink.

27. A printing system in accordance with claim 26, wherein said density correcting means adds a difference between the density to be realized by said achromatic color ink and the density of said achromatic color ink realized by the result of the multivaluing operation by said achromatic dot formation determination means to the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink.

28. A printing system in accordance with claim 24, wherein said head forms at least two different dots of different diameters as said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area.

29. A printing system in accordance with claim 24, wherein said head comprises a mechanism for discharging ink particles under a pressure applied to each ink running through an ink conduit by application of a voltage to a piezoelectric element arranged in said ink conduit.

30. A printing system in accordance with claim 24, wherein said head comprises a mechanism for discharging ink particles under a pressure applied to each ink running through an ink conduit by air bubbles that are produced by a supply of electricity to a heating body arranged in said ink conduit.

31. A printing system with a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area on an object, for recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said printing system comprising:

input means for successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

first dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation with respect to a selected dot among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on the input tone signal, and determining whether or not the selected dot is to be formed;

difference computing means for computing a difference between the input tone signal and a printing density realized by the selected dot;

second dot formation determination means for carrying out a multivaluing operation with respect to another dot among said at least two different dots having different densities, based on the difference, and determining whether or not the another dot is to be formed; and

head driving means for driving the head based on results of the determination by said first dot formation determination means and said second dot formation determination means, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area.

32. A printing system in accordance with claim 31, wherein said difference computing means comprises:

first effect computing means for calculating a first effect on the multivaluing operation with respect to the another dot, based on the tone signal and a recording density realized by the selected dot; and

second effect computing means for calculating a second effect on the multivaluing operation with respect to the another dot, based on the printing density realized by the selected dot, said difference computing means computing the difference by taking into account the first effect and the second effect.

33. A printing system in accordance with claim 31, said printing system further comprising:

error diffusion means for computing a difference between a printing density realized by the another dot based on the input tone signal and a printing density realized by the another dot as a density error, based on the determination of dot formation by said second dot formation determination means, and distributing the density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of a current target pixel of dot formation, in order to reflect upon the determination of dot formation with respect to the peripheral pixels by said second dot formation determination means.

34. A printing system in accordance with claim 31, wherein said first dot formation determination means or said second dot formation determination means determines formation or non-formation of the dot by a dither method.

35. A printing system in accordance with claim 34, wherein said first dot formation determination means or said second dot formation determination means uses a threshold matrix of discrete dither.

36. A printing system in accordance with claim 31, wherein said head forms at least two different dots of different diameters as said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area.

37. A printing system in accordance with claim 31, wherein said head comprises a mechanism for discharging ink particles under a pressure applied to each ink running through an ink conduit by application of a voltage to a piezoelectric element arranged in said ink conduit.

38. A printing system in accordance with claim 31, wherein said head comprises a mechanism for discharging ink particles under a pressure applied to each ink running through an ink conduit by air bubbles that are produced by a supply of electricity to a heating body arranged in said ink conduit.

39. A method of recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, which are formed on an object by a head, said method comprising the steps of:

successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

specifying a recording density to be realized by at least a selected one of a dot having a higher density per unit area, that is, a higher-density dot, and a dot having a lower density per unit area, that is, a lower-density dot, which are both included in said at least two different dots having different densities, based on the input tone signal;

carrying out a multivaluing operation based on the specified recording density, and determining whether or not the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed;

making a result of the multivaluing operation with respect to the selected dot reflect upon a recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot, causing the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot to be subjected to a multivaluing operation according to the reflected recording density, and determining whether or not the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed; and

driving the head based on results of the determination with respect to the selected dot and the other dot, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area.

40. A method in accordance with claim 39, wherein said head discharges chromatic color inks to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area as well as an achromatic color ink to form an achromatic dot,

said method further comprising the steps of:

determining whether or not the achromatic dot is to be formed by said achromatic color ink, prior to the determination of formation or non-formation with respect to another dot having a different density per unit area; and

when formation of the achromatic dot by said achromatic color ink is determined, assuming that a selected dot among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area is determined to be formed, and carrying out the determination of dot formation with respect to the another dot having a different density per unit area and the computation of the density error.

41. A method of recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, which are formed on an object by a head, said method comprising the steps of:

successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

specifying a first dot tone value, that is, a tone value to be realized by a first dot selected among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on the input tone signal;

determining whether or not the first dot is to be formed, based on the first dot tone value;

computing a correction signal by adding quantization errors distributed from peripheral processed pixels in the vicinity of said target pixel to the input tone signal;

when no formation of the first dot is determined according to the first dot tone value, determining whether or not a second dot having a different density per unit area from that of the first dot is to be formed, based on the correction signal;

driving the head based on results of the determination with respect to the first dot and the second dot, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area; and

computing a quantization error, which is a difference between the correction signal and a tone value realized by the formed dots, as a density error, based on the results of the determination with respect to the first dot and the second dot, and distributing and diffusing the computed density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of said target pixel.

42. A method of recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of at least two different dots having different densities per unit area as well as an achromatic dot, which are respectively formed on an object by a chromatic color ink and an achromatic color ink discharged from a head, said method comprising the steps of:

successively receiving a tone signal of each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

specifying a density to be realized by said chromatic color ink and a density to be realized by said achromatic color ink, based on the input tone signal;

carrying out a multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink, based on the density to be realized by said achromatic color ink, and determining whether or not the achromatic dot is to be formed by said achromatic color ink;

obtaining correction data, which reflects upon the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink, based on the result of the multivaluing operation with respect to said achromatic color ink, in order to correct the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink;

carrying out a multivaluing operation with respect to said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on the corrected density to be realized by said chromatic color ink, and determining whether or not said at least two different dots are to be formed; and

driving the head based on results of the determination with respect to said achromatic dot and said at least two different dots having different densities, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area by said chromatic color ink and said achromatic dot by said achromatic color ink.

43. A program product for controlling a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area on an object, and recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said program product comprising:

a computer readable medium; and

computer program code means stored on said computer readable medium, said computer program code means comprising;

first program code means for causing a computer to specify a recording density to be realized by at least a selected one of a dot having a higher density per unit area, that is, a higher-density dot, and a dot having a lower density per unit area, that is, a lower-density dot, which are both included in said at least two different dots having different densities, based on a tone signal successively input for each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

second program code means for causing the computer to carry out a multivaluing operation based on the specified recording density, and to determine whether or not the selected one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed; and

third program code means for causing the computer to make a result of the multivaluing operation with respect to the selected dot reflect upon a recording density to be realized by the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot, to cause the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot to be subjected to a multivaluing operation according to the reflected recording density, and to determine whether or not the other one of the higher-density dot and the lower-density dot is to be formed.

44. A program product for controlling a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area on an object, and recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said program product comprising:

a computer readable medium; and

computer program code means stored on said computer readable medium, said computer program code means comprising;

first program code means for causing a computer to specify a first dot tone value, that is, a tone value to be realized by a first dot selected among said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on a tone signal successively input for each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

second program code means for causing the computer to determine whether or not the first dot is to be formed, based on the first dot tone value;

third program code means for causing the computer to compute a correction signal by adding quantization errors distributed from peripheral processed pixels in the vicinity of said target pixel to the input tone signal;

program code means for, when no formation of the first dot is determined according to the first dot tone value, causing the computer to determine whether or not a second dot having a different density per unit area from that of the first dot is to be formed, based on the correction signal;

fourth program code means for causing the computer to drive the head based on results of the determination with respect to the first dot and the second dot, in order to form said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area; and

fifth program code means for causing the computer to compute a quantization error, which is a difference between the correction signal and a tone value realized by the formed dots, as a density error, based on the results of the determination with respect to the first dot and the second dot, and to distribute and diffuse the computed density error to peripheral pixels in the vicinity of said target pixel.

45. A program product for controlling a head, which forms at least two different dots having different densities per unit area by a chromatic color ink as well as an achromatic dot by an achromatic color ink on an object, and recording a multi-tone image by a distribution of the dots, said program product comprising:

a computer readable medium; and

computer program code means stored on said computer readable medium, said computer program code means comprising;

first program code means for causing a computer to specify a density to be realized by said chromatic color ink and a density to be realized by said achromatic color ink, based on a tone signal successively input for each target pixel included in an image to be printed;

second program code means for causing the computer to carry out a multivaluing operation for said achromatic color ink, based on the density to be realized by said achromatic color ink, and to determine whether or not the achromatic dot is to be formed by said achromatic color ink;

third program code means for causing the computer to obtain correction data, which reflects upon the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink, based on the result of the multivaluing operation with respect to said achromatic color ink, in order to correct the density to be realized by said chromatic color ink; and

fourth program code means for causing the computer to carry out a multivaluing operation with respect to said at least two different dots having different densities per unit area, based on the corrected density to be realized by said chromatic color ink, and to determine whether or not said at least two different dots are to be formed.