Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of velocity and power data using average or median pixel projections

• US 6,102,864 A
• Filed: 11/23/1998
• Issued: 08/15/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 05/07/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Tillman, Todd Michael, Schubert, Patricia Ann, Thomenius, Kai Erik, Hall, Anne Lindsay, Hatfield, William Thomas
• Primary Examiner(s): Lateef, Marvin M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATEL, MAULIN M
• Application Number:
  US09/197,787
• Time in Patent Office: 631 Days
• Field of Search: 600/454, 600/443, 600/444, 600/447, 600/448, 600/446, 600/455, 128/916
• US Class Current: 600/454
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/08 Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings A61B8/02 - A61B8/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/13 Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/483 involving the acquisition of a 3D volume of data
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/488 involving Doppler signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/543 involving acquisition triggered by a physiological signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8993 Three dimensional imaging systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52026 Extracting wanted echo signals Doppler systems G01S15/50; Doppler short range imaging systems G01S15/8979
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52034 Data rate converters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52068 Stereoscopic displays; Three-dimensional displays; Pseudo 3D displays G01S15/8993 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 42/06 using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10132 Ultrasound image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30048 Heart; Cardiac
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30104 Vascular flow; Blood flow; Perfusion
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0012 Biomedical image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/11 Region-based segmentation

Abstract

A three-dimensional image of flowing fluid or moving tissue using velocity or power Doppler data is displayed by using an ultrasound scanner that collects velocity or power data in a cine memory to form a volume of pixel data. Average or median pixel values are projected on an image plane by casting rays through the data volume. As the ray passes through each scan plane, a data value is assigned to the ray at that point. At each scan plane, the assigned pixel data value is tested to see if it exceeds a noise threshold. For a given ray, pixel data values above the detection threshold are accumulated until a pixel data value falls below the detection threshold. A minimum number of pixel data values exceeding the threshold are required for each ray before the average of the accumulated values is processed and/or the median value is selected. When all pixels along a given ray have been tested, the projection is complete and the average or median projection is then displayed. Uniformity within the projected image and the sharpness of edges are enhanced by projecting average or median pixel values instead of maximum pixel values.

Claims

1. A system for three-dimensional imaging of an object volume containing moving ultrasound scatterers, comprising:

an ultrasound transducer array for transmitting ultrasound beams and detecting ultrasound echoes reflected from said object volume at a multiplicity of sample volumes;

means for acquiring imaging data derived at least in part from ultrasound echoes reflected by the ultrasound scatterers, each imaging datum corresponding to a respective one of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

a scan converter for storing imaging data for each of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

a computer for retrieving a source imaging data set from the imaging data stored in said scan converter and for projecting average imaging data computed from the imaging data in said source imaging data set onto an image plane so as to form a projected average imaging data set;

a display monitor; and

a video processor for displaying a projected image on said display monitor, said projected image being a function of at least a portion of said projected average imaging data set.

2. The system as defined in claim 1 including a cine memory for storing frames of data received from said scan converter, and wherein said computer comprises a three dimensional memory for storing slice data received from said cine memory.

3. A system for three-dimensional imaging of an object volume containing moving ultrasound scatterers, comprising:

an ultrasound transducer array for transmitting ultrasound beams and detecting ultrasound echoes reflected from said object volume at a multiplicity of sample volumes;

means for acquiring imaging data derived at least in part from ultrasound echoes reflected by the ultrasound scatterers, each imaging datum corresponding to a respective one of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

a scan converter for storing imaging data for each of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

a computer for retrieving a source imaging data set from the imaging data stored in said scan converter and for projecting median imaging data discriminated from the imaging data in said source imaging data set onto an image plane so as to form a projected median imaging data set;

a display monitor; and

a video processor for displaying a projected image on said display monitor, said projected image being a function of at least a portion of said projected median imaging data set.

4. The system as defined in claim 3 including a cine memory for storing frames of data received from said scan converter, and wherein said computer comprises a three dimensional memory for storing slice data received from said cine memory.

5. A method for three-dimensional imaging of an object volume containing moving ultrasound scatterers, comprising the steps of:

transmitting ultrasound beams into said object volume;

detecting ultrasound echoes reflected from said object volume at a multiplicity of sample volumes;

acquiring imaging data derived at least in part from ultrasound echoes reflected by the ultrasound scatterers, each imaging datum corresponding to a respective one of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

storing imaging data for each of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

retrieving a source imaging data set from the stored imaging data;

projecting average imaging data computed from the retrieved source imaging data set onto an image plane, thereby forming a projected average imaging data set; and

displaying a projected image which is a function of a projected imaging data set and which, in turn, comprises at least a portion of said projected average imaging data set.

6. The method as defined in claim 5, wherein said imaging data are velocity data.

7. The method as defined in claim 5, wherein said imaging data are power data.

8. The method as defined in claim 7, wherein the step of projecting average imaging data comprises:

assigning respective imaging data values to respective points along a cast ray impinging on a pixel in an image plane, each of said points representing a respective intersection of the cast ray with a respective scan plane;

comparing each one of said respective imaging data values with a predetermined noise threshold;

accumulating a first string of successive imaging data values not less than said predetermined noise threshold; and

in response to a next imaging data value following said first string of successive imaging data values, computing as a first average value the average value of said first string of successive imaging data values.

9. The method as defined in claim 8, wherein the step of projecting average imaging data further comprises storing said first average value as part of said projected average imaging data set.

10. The method as defined in claim 8, wherein the step of projecting average imaging data further comprises:

accumulating a second string of successive imaging data values not less than said predetermined noise threshold; and

in response to a next imaging data value following said second string of successive imaging data values, computing as a second average value the average value of said second string of successive imaging data values.

11. The method as defined in claim 10, wherein the step of projecting average imaging data further comprises storing the greater of said first and second average values as part of said projected average imaging data set.

12. The method as defined in claim 10, wherein the step of projecting average imaging data further comprises storing the lesser of said first and second average values as part of said projected average imaging data set.

13. The method as defined in claim 8, wherein the number of successive imaging data values included in said first string satisfies a predetermined valid data criterion.

14. The method as defined in claim 5, further comprising the step of projecting median imaging data discriminated from the imaging data in said source imaging data set onto said image plane so as to form a projected median imaging data set that comprises a portion of said projected median imaging data set.

15. The method as defined in claim 8, further comprising the steps of:

assigning respective imaging data values to respective points along a cast ray impinging on a pixel in an image plane, each of said points representing a respective intersection of the cast ray with a respective scan plane;

comparing each one of said repective imaging data values with a predetermined noise threshold;

accumulating a first string of successive imaging data values no less that said predetermined noise threshold;

storing said first string of successive imaging data values in an order sequence of increasing magnitude; and

in response to the next imaging data value following said first string of successive imaging data values, discriminating a median value of said first string of successive imaging data values.

16. The method as defined in claim 15, further comprising the step of storing the greater of said first average value and said median value as part of said projected imaging data set.

17. The method as defined in claim 15, further comprising the step of storing the lesser of said first average value and said median value as part of said projected imaging data set.

18. A method for three-dimensional imaging of an object volume containing moving ultrasound scatterers, comprising the steps of:

transmitting ultrasound beams into said object volume;

detecting ultrasound echoes reflected from said object volume at a multiplicity of sample volumes;

acquiring imaging data derived at least in part from ultrasound echoes reflected by the ultrasound scatterers, each imaging datum corresponding to a respective one of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

storing imaging data for each of said multiplicity of sample volumes;

retrieving a source imaging data set from the stored imaging data;

projecting median imaging data discriminated from the retrieved source imaging data set onto an image plane, thereby forming a projected median imaging data set; and

displaying a projected image which is a function of said projected median imaging data set.

19. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein said imaging data are velocity data.

20. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein said imaging data are power data.

21. The method as defined in claim 20, wherein the step of projecting median imaging data comprises:

assigning respective imaging data values to respective points along a cast ray impinging on a pixel in an image plane, each of said points representing a respective intersection of the cast ray with a respective scan plane;

comparing each one of said respective imaging data values with a predetermined noise threshold;

storing a first string of successive imaging data values not less than said predetermined noise threshold in an order sequence of increasing magnitude; and

in response to a next imaging data value following said first string of successive imaging data values, discriminating as a first median value the median value of said first string of successive imaging data values.

22. The method as defined in claim 21, wherein the step of projecting median imaging data further comprises the step of storing said first median value as part of said projected median imaging data set.

23. The method as defined in claim 21, wherein the step of projecting median imaging data further comprises the steps of:

storing a second string of successive imaging data values not less than said predetermined noise threshold in an order sequence of increasing magnitude; and

in response to a next imaging data value following said second string of successive imaging data values, discriminating as a second median value the median value of said second string of successive imaging data values.

24. The method as defined in claim 23, wherein the step of projecting median imaging data further comprises storing the greater of said first and second median values as part of said projected median imaging data set.

25. The method as defined in claim 23, wherein the step of projecting median imaging data further comprises storing the lesser of said first and second values as part of said projected median imaging data set.

26. The method as defined in claim 21, wherein the number of successive imaging data values included in said first string satisfies a predetermined valid data criterion.