Method and device for detecting a state of charge of a battery assembly, and battery assembly charge and discharge control device

• US 6,104,166 A
• Filed: 10/07/1998
• Issued: 08/15/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: DENSO Corporation, Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation), Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: DENSO Corporation, Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation), Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Kikuchi, Yoshiaki, Kimura, Tadao, Nakanishi, Toshiaki, Sekimori, Toshiyuki, Katoh, Tomoya, Asakawa, Fumihiko, Shoji, Yoshimi, Ukita, Susumu
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane, Adolf Deneke
• Assistant Examiner(s): Luk, Lawrence
• Application Number:
  US09/167,490
• Time in Patent Office: 678 Days
• Field of Search: 320/132, 320/130, 320/120, 320/104
• US Class Current: 320/132
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/25 by controlling the electric load
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/396 Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/91 : Orbital, e.g. planetary gears

Abstract

Variation of the charged amount among battery blocks composing a battery assembly is detected. By subtracting the detected value of the variation from the width between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the charged amount, the movable range of the charged amount is found. The position of the present charged amount is detected as the state of charge. For example, it is arranged that both ends of the movable range are 0% and 100%, and that the movable range is the full scale. Then, the position of the charged amount on this scale is specified by the ratio %. The detection of the state of charge in which the variation in charged amount and the change of the movable range are considered, is performed, and on the basis of this state of charge, a preferable charge and discharge control is performed.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the state of charge of a battery assembly with a plurality of battery cells connected in series, comprising the steps of:

detecting a variation in charged amount among a plurality of battery blocks composing said battery assembly and including one or more battery cells in each block;

calculating a movable range of the charged amount on the basis of a detected value of the variation and an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the charged amount of said battery blocks; and

detecting a state of charge showing where in said movable range the present charged amount is positioned.

2. A device for detecting the state of charge of a battery assembly with a plurality of battery cells connected in series, comprising:

a variation detecting means for detecting a variation in charged amount among a plurality of battery blocks composing said battery assembly and including one or more battery cells in each block; and

a movable range calculating means for calculating a movable range of the charged amount on the basis of a detected value of the variation and an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the charged amount of said battery blocks,

wherein the position of the present charged amount within said movable range, is detected as a state of charge.

3. The state of charge detecting device according to claim 2,

wherein, when said movable range is made to be the full scale, a ratio of the charged amount on a scale to the full scale is found as the state of charge.

4. The state of charge detecting device according to claim 2, wherein said variation detecting means comprises:

means for detecting a first judging time, which is the time when the charged amount of a battery block having the minimum charged amount has reached a first judgment value;

means for detecting a second judging time, which is the time when the charged amount of a battery block having the maximum charged amount has reached a second judgment value;

charge and discharge amount measuring means for measuring the amount of charge and discharge between the first judging time and the second judging time; and

variation calculating means for calculating a variation in charged amount among battery blocks on the basis of the first judgment value and the second judgment value and a measured value of the amount of charge and discharge.

5. A device for detecting a state of charge of a battery assembly which can detect a variation in charged amount among a plurality of battery blocks composing the battery assembly and including one or more battery cells in each block, comprising:

means for detecting a first judging time, which is the time when the charged amount of a battery block having the minimum charged amount has reached a first judgment value;

means for detecting a second judging time, which is the time when the charged amount of a battery block having the maximum charged amount has reached a second judgment value;

charge and discharge amount measuring means for measuring the amount of charge and discharge between the first judging time and the second judging time; and

variation calculating means for calculating a variation in charged amount among battery blocks on the basis of the first judgment value and the second judgment value and a measured value of the amount of charge and discharge.

6. The state of charge detecting device according to claim 5, further comprising a temperature detecting means for detecting battery temperature,

wherein the calculation of a variation in said charged amount by using said measured value of the amount of charge and discharge, is prohibited, in a case where the battery temperature at least at either time of said first judging time or said second judging time, is not in a specified range of temperature.

7. A charge and discharge control device for a battery assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells connected in series, comprising:

variation detecting means for detecting a variation in charged amount among a plurality of battery blocks composing said battery assembly and including one or more battery cells in each block; and

movable range calculating means for calculating a movable range of the charged amount, on the basis of a detected value of the variation and an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the charged amount of said battery blocks,

wherein said control device controls the amount of charge and discharge to the battery assembly so that the charged amount may be in said movable range.

8. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 7, wherein said variation detecting means further comprises:

means for detecting a first judging time, which is the time when the charged amount of a battery block having the minimum charged amount has reached a first judgment value;

means for detecting a second judging time, which is the time when the charged amount of a battery block having the maximum charged amount has reached a second judgment value;

charge and discharge amount measuring means for measuring the amount of charge and discharge between the first judging time and the second judging time; and

variation calculating means for calculating a variation in charged amount among battery blocks on the basis of the first judgment value and the second judgment value and a measured value of the amount of charge and discharge.

9. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 7, wherein the movable range of said charged amount calculated by said movable range calculating means is enlarged by a specified timing after the calculation.

10. The charge and discharge control device of a battery assembly according to claim 9,

wherein, during the enlargement of the movable range of said charged amount, the size of said movable range is restricted so as not to exceed a specified maximum value.

11. A charge and discharge control device for a battery assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells connected in series, comprising:

judging means for judging whether or not the charged amount has reached an upper limit value or a lower limit value, for each of a plurality of battery blocks composing said battery assembly and including one or more battery cells in each block; and

movable range calculating means for finding the movable range of the charged amount, which is the range of the charged amount between the state when the charged amount of a battery block having the minimum charged amount has reached the lower limit value and the state when the charged amount of a battery block having the maximum charged amount has reached the upper limit value,

wherein said control device controls the amount of charge and discharge to the battery assembly so that the charged amount may be in said movable range.

12. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 11, comprising:

an ammeter for detecting a current flowing through a battery assembly; and

a voltmeter for measuring a voltage of each battery block,

wherein said judging means judges that the charged amount of a battery block has reached the upper limit value or the lower limit value, by the IV judgment based on a detected value of the current and a detected value of the voltage.

13. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 12,

wherein where in said movable range the charged amount is positioned, is calculated, on the basis of the amount of charge and discharge found by accumulating the detected values of the current.

14. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 13,

wherein the battery cell composing said battery assembly is a nickel hydrogen battery, and

wherein the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the charged amount are set in the area where the amount of change of the voltage relative to the charged amount is not constant and said IV judgment can be performed suitably.

15. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 11, further comprising

temperature detecting means for detecting battery temperature, and

wherein the calculation of the movable range of said charged amount is prohibited when the battery temperature is not in a specified range of temperature during the judgment by said judgment means.

16. The charge and discharge control device according to claim 11,

wherein the movable range of said charged amount calculated by said movable range calculating means is enlarged by a specified timing after the calculation.