Method of communication between a plurality of remote units and a control unit

• US 6,104,279 A
• Filed: 03/23/1998
• Issued: 08/15/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Atmel Corporation (Microchip Technology Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Atmel Corporation (Microchip Technology Incorporated)
• Inventors: Maletsky, Kerry
• Primary Examiner(s): Horabik, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): Shimizu, Matsuichiro
• Application Number:
  US09/046,374
• Time in Patent Office: 876 Days
• Field of Search: 370/445, 370/447, 370/448, 370/462, 370/443, 340/825.49, 340/825.54, 340/825.55, 340/825.5, 340/825.44, 340/825.34, 342/44, 342/42, 455/524, 455/552, 455/556, 455/557, 455/558, 375/1
• US Class Current: 340/10.41
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/758 using a signal generator powered by the interrogation signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/825 with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10019 resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. collision between the communication channels used by wireless communication devices, where the solution is not particularly adapted for RFIDs or the like, H04W74/08

Abstract

In a communication system comprising a base station and a plurality of asynchronously operating remote units, a method of communication between the base station and each of the remote units includes each remote unit randomly transmitting a first bit pattern to the base unit. Upon detecting the reception of an error-free bit pattern, the base unit transmits an ACK during a first window of time. The remote unit which detects the ACK during a corresponding first window of time becomes the selected unit and thereafter communicates with the base station. All other remote units continue monitoring for the transmission of a command belonging to a first set of commands, afterwhich the selected unit goes into a quiet mode and the unselected units resume their random transmissions of the first bit pattern to the base unit.

Claims

1. A method of communication between a control unit and a plurality of remote units, comprising:

for each of the remote units;

a) selecting a random period of time and delaying transmission from the remote for said period of time;

b) after delaying, transmitting first information from the remote unit to the control unit;

c) monitoring for the detection of a transmission from the control unit;

d) if a transmission from the control unit is detected during a first window of time subsequent to transmitting the first information, then transmitting second information to the control unit and monitoring for a transmission of one of a first set of commands from the control unit, such a remote unit being referred to as a selected remote unit;

e) if a transmission from the control unit is detected prior to or subsequent to the first window of time, then monitoring for the detection of of a second command from the control unit, said second command being exclusive of the first set of commands, such remote units being referred to as unselected remote units;

f) if a transmission from the control unit is not detected after an amount of time following the first window of time, then repeating the steps (b)-(f); and

g) if the selected remote unit detects a transmission of said second command from the control unit then monitoring for a transmission of a third command from the control unit and responding only to the third command.

2. The method of claim 1 further including selecting a random period of time as the amount of time used in step (f).

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said monitoring of one of said first set of commands in step (d) further includes substeps of:

(i) monitoring for the detection of said one of said first set of commands from the control unit during a second period of time;

(ii) if said one of said first set of commands is detected during the second period of time, then processing the command;

(iii) if said one of said first set of commands from the control unit is not detected during the second period of time, then transmitting the second information; and

(iv) repeating substeps (i)-(iv).

4. The method of claim 1 wherein step (e) further includes, in response to detecting said second command, repeating steps (a)-(f).

5. The method of claim 4 wherein if the unselected remote units detect a transmission of the third command then delaying for a randomly selected period of time and transmitting the first information.

6. The method of claim 5 further including broadcasting a master signal from the control unit to the remote units and deriving a timing signal from the master signal;

whereby the timing signal is used by the control unit and each of the remote units as the basis for measuring time.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of transmitting the first information is a step of transmitting a bit pattern that is the same for each of the remote units.

8. The method of claim 1 further including providing a local memory store in each of the remote units and storing user specified bit patterns in the local memory stores;

wherein the step of transmitting the first information is a step of transmitting the bit pattern stored in the local memory store.

9. A method of communication between a plurality of radio frequency transponders (tags) and a reader unit, comprising:

powering up each of the tags;

in the reader unit, broadcasting a cyclic timing signal to the tags, said cyclic timing signal being a time base for both said reader unit and the tags;

a listening time window defined by at least three equal time segments, said time segments being defined by an integral number of cycles of said cyclic time signal;

in each tag, delaying transmission to the reader unit for a random period of time, and upon the expiration thereof transmitting a first bit pattern to the reader unit and monitoring for an acknowledge signal to occur during a predetermined time segment of said listening window, said predetermined time segment being any time segment within said listening window other than the first and last time segments of said listening window;

in the reader unit, detecting for an error-free reception of the first bit pattern and transmitting said acknowledge signal during a first period of time subsequent to detecting the error-free reception;

if the predetermined time segment of one of the tags is substantially coincident with the first period of time then transmitting a second bit pattern from such a tag and monitoring for a transmission of one of a first set of commands from the reader unit, such a tag being referred to as the selected tag, maintaining a bidirectional exchange of communication between said selected tag and said reader unit until said reader unit transmits a second command exclusive of said first set of commands;

if, in any of the tags, a transmission is detected outside of the predetermined time segment then monitoring for a transmission of said second command from the reader unit, the second command being exclusive of the first set of commands, such tags being referred to as unselected tags, said unselected tags transmitting said first bit pattern in response to detection of said second command; and

if, in any of the tags, a transmission is not detected for a randomly selected period of time subsequent to the listening window then transmitting the first bit pattern.

10. The method of claim 9 further including selecting a fixed pattern of bits to be used as the first bit pattern in each of the tags.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein said time window is divided into only three equal time segments, said method further including inputting a user-provided bit pattern to be used as the first bit pattern, whereby each of the tags can be assigned a different user-provided bit pattern.

12. The method of claim 9 wherein if the selected tag detects a transmission of the second command from the reader unit then monitoring for a transmission of a third command from the reader unit and responding only to the third command.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the selected tag, subsequent to detecting the second command, ignores the reception of all commands except for the third command.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein if the unselected tags detect a transmission of the second command then delaying for a randomly selected period of time and transmitting the first bit pattern.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein if the unselected tags detect a transmission of the third command then delaying for a randomly selected period of time and transmitting the first bit pattern.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the second command is a SET QUIET BIT command and the third command is a RESET QUIET BIT command.

17. The method of claim 9 wherein powering each of the tags includes broadcasting a carrier frequency signal from the reader unit and, in each of the tags, rectifying the received carrier frequency signal to produce power.

18. The method of claim 17 further including measuring the passage of time in the reader unit and in the tags based on the carrier frequency signal.

19. A method of communication between a plurality of radio frequency transponders (tags) and a reader unit, comprising:

in each tag, delaying transmission to the reader unit for a random period of time, and upon the expiration thereof transmitting a first bit pattern to the reader unit and monitoring for an acknowledge signal to occur during a listening window;

in the reader unit, detecting for an error-free reception of the first bit pattern and transmitting an acknowledge signal during a first period of time subsequent to detecting the error-free reception;

if the listening window of one of the tags is substantially coincident with the first period of time then transmitting a second bit pattern from such a tag and monitoring for a transmission of one of a first set of commands from the reader unit, such a tag being referred to as the selected tag;

if, in any of the tags, a transmission is detected outside of the listening window then monitoring for a transmission of a second command from the reader unit, said second command being exclusive of said first set of commands, such tags being referred to as unselected tags;

if, in any of the tags, a transmission is not detected for a randomly selected period of time subsequent to the listening window then transmitting said first bit pattern; and

if the selected tag detects a transmission of said second command from the reader unit then monitoring for a transmission of a third command from the reader unit and responding only to said third command.

20. The method of claim 19 further including selecting a fixed pattern of bits to be used as said first bit pattern in each of the tags.

21. The method of claim 19 further including inputting a user-provided bit pattern to be used as said first bit pattern, whereby each of the tags can be assigned a different user-provided bit pattern.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein the selected tag, subsequent to detecting said second command, ignores the reception of all commands except for said third command.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein if the unselected tags detect a transmission of said second command then delaying for a randomly selected period of time and transmitting said first bit pattern.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein if the unselected tags detect a transmission of said third command then delaying for a randomly selected period of time and transmitting said first bit pattern.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein said second command is a SET QUIET BIT command and said third command is a RESET QUIET BIT command.

26. The method of claim 19 further including an initial step of powering up each of the tags, said powering up of each of the tags including broadcasting a carrier frequency signal from the reader unit and, in each of the tags, rectifying the received carrier frequency signal to produce power.

27. The method of claim 26 further including measuring the passage of time in the reader unit and in the tags based on the carrier frequency signal.