Speech encoding and decoding system which modifies encoding and decoding characteristics based on an audio signal

• US 6,104,991 A
• Filed: 02/27/1998
• Issued: 08/15/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Google Technology Holdings LLC (Alphabet Inc.), Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Franceschi, Albert V., Newland, Paul B., Lenn, Howard
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Azad, Abul K.
• Application Number:
  US09/032,722
• Time in Patent Office: 900 Days
• Field of Search: 704/211, 704/212, 704/213, 704/201, 704/200, 704/500, 704/501, 704/503, 704/504, 704/230, 704/219, 704/222
• US Class Current: 704/212
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/0204 using subband decomposition
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 14/046 Systems or methods for reducing noise or bandwidth

Abstract

The present invention relates to a speech encoder/decoder system employing digital transmission in which the encoding and decoding operations are complimentary, and these operations make use of sets of parameters which may be optimized for a speaker and for a particular digital radio link. A number of sets of parameters are determined experimentally, for example, by employing human sample groups in which perceived audio and transmission quality are tested. The encoder/decoder system then employs a group, or number, of sets of parameters serving all speakers rather than employing one fixed set of parameters. The particular set of parameters for a speaker in the encoder of a first transceiver is determined by a processor which receives values based on an analysis of the input audio signal, and then a parameter set identifier is sent within the digital signal for use by a decoder of a second transceiver. In addition, the processor of the first transceiver which receives a signal from the second transceiver may include circuitry which monitors the signal to noise ratio and bit error rate of the channel to provide a second criteria in addition to the received values based on the analysis of the input audio signal for choosing a particular set of parameters for the encoder.

Claims

1. An encoding apparatus of a telecommunications transceiver for converting an analog signal to a composite digital signal for transmission over a wireless communication channel, the encoding apparatus comprising:

an analog signal characterization circuit which concurrently measures a plurality of characteristics of the analog signal to concurrently provide a plurality of characterization values;

a sampling circuit which samples the analog signal to form a digital signal;

a parameter generator circuit, providing a plurality of sets of encoding parameters;

processor that sequentially (1) selects at least one characterization value of the plurality of the characterization values, (2) then selects a set of encoding parameters of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters, and (3) then provides the selected one set to the digital encoding circuit and provides a corresponding coding value;

a digital encoding circuit which encodes the digital signal according to the selected set of encoding parameters; and

a combining circuit which combines the encoded digital signal and the coding value to form the composite digital signal, wherein

the analog signal characterization circuit includes a plurality of voice characteristic measurement circuits, each voice characteristic circuit including a filter which bandpass filters the analog signal and an integrator which integrates the bandpass filtered analog signal to measure as one characterization value a signal power of the analog signal within a respective frequency band, and

each set of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters provided by the parameter generator circuit is optimized for a corresponding one characterization value.

2. The encoding apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein:

the analog signal characterization circuit includes

     1) a signal level detection circuit which measures as one characterization value a signal power of the analog signal within a respective frequency band, and

     2) a channel measurement processor which measures a channel quality value of the wireless communication channel;

each set of encoding parameters provided by the parameter generator circuit being optimized for a corresponding one coding value,

the processor, responsive to the characterization value and the channel quality value, selects one of a set of encoding algorithms for the coding value and selects the corresponding one of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters, and

the digital encoding circuit further encodes the digital signal according to the coding value.

3. The encoding apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein the channel measurement processor measures as the channel quality value at least one of a bit error rate, a signal to noise ratio and a channel fading characteristic.

4. The encoding apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the combining circuit is a time division multiplexer which periodically inserts the coding value into the encoded digital signal to form the composite digital signal.

5. The encoding apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the combining circuit is a packet multiplexer which forms the composite digital signal as a plurality of packets, each packet formed from a respective portion of the encoded digital signal, the coding value, and a header value.

6. The encoding apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the digital encoding circuit encodes according to an encoding algorithm selected from the group consisting of delta modulation, continuously variable delta modulation, pulse code modulation, adaptive pulse code modulation and predictive encoding.

7. The encoding apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the encoding apparatus is included on an integrated circuit device.

8. A telecommunications system which encodes an analog signal as a digital signal, transmits the encoded analog signal as a portion of a composite digital signal over a wireless communication channel, and decodes the transmitted composite digital signal to provide an analog output signal, the system comprising:

a first transceiver which encodes the analog signal comprising;

an analog signal characterization circuit which concurrently measures a plurality of characteristics of the analog signal to concurrently provide a plurality of respective characterization values;

a sampling circuit which samples the analog signal to form a digital signal;

first parameter generator circuit providing a plurality of sets of encoding parameters;

a first processor that sequentially (1) selects at least one characterization value of the plurality of the characterization values, (2) then selects a set of encoding parameters of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters, and (3) then provides the selected one set to the digital encoding circuit and provides a corresponding coding value;

a digital encoding circuit which encodes the digital signal according to the selected set of encoding parameters;

a combining circuit which combines the encoded digital signal and the coding value to form the composite digital signal; and

a transmitter which modulates the composite digital signal onto a carrier for transmission through the wireless communication channel; and

a second transceiver which decodes the transmitted composite digital signal comprising;

a receiver which demodulates the composite digital signal from the modulated carrier received from the wireless communication channel;

a signal separation circuit which provides the coding value and the encoded digital signal from the transmitted composite digital signal;

a second parameter generator circuit providing a plurality of sets of decoding parameters;

a second processor that communicates a selection of one set of the plurality of sets of decoding parameters of the second parameter generator circuit according to the coding value;

a digital decoding circuit which decodes the encoded digital signal according to the selected set of decoding parameters; and

a digital to analog converter which converts the decoded digital signal to the analog output signal, wherein

the analog signal characterization circuit of the first transceiver includes a plurality of voice characteristic measurement circuits, each voice characteristic circuit including a filter which bandpass filters the analog signal and an integrator which integrates the bandpass filtered analog signal to measure as one characterization value a signal power of the analog signal within a respective frequency band, and

each set of encoding parameters and each set of decoding parameters are optimized for a corresponding one characterization value.

9. The telecommunications system as recited in claim 8, wherein:

the analog signal characterization circuit of the first transceiver includes

     1) a signal level detection circuit which measures as one characterization value a signal power of the analog signal within a respective frequency band, and

     2) a channel measurement processor which measures a channel quality value of the wireless communication channel;

each set of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters and each set of the plurality of sets of decoding parameters being optimized for a corresponding one coding value,

the first processor, responsive to the characterization value and the channel quality value, selects one of a set of encoding algorithms corresponding to the coding value and selects the corresponding one set of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters;

the digital encoding circuit further encodes the digital signal according to the coding value; and

the second processor selects a decoding algorithm corresponding to the coding value, and the digital decoding circuit further decodes the encoded digital signal according to the selected decoding algorithm.

10. The telecommunications system as recited in claim 9, wherein the measured channel quality value of the channel measurement processor of the first transceiver measures at least one of a bit error rate, the signal to noise ratio and the channel fading characteristic of the wireless communication channel.

11. The telecommunications system as recited in claim 10, wherein the second transceiver transmits a reverse channel signal to the first transceiver over the wireless communication channel, and the first transceiver measures at least one of the bit error rate, the signal to noise ratio and the channel fading characteristic of the reverse channel signal.

12. The telecommunications system as recited in claim 10, wherein the second transceiver transmits a reverse channel signal to the first transceiver over the wireless communication channel, and the second transceiver measures as the channel quality value at least one of the bit error rate, the signal to noise ratio and the channel fading characteristic of the modulated composite digital signal transmitted through the wireless communication channel and provides the channel quality value to the first transceiver with the reverse channel signal.

13. A method of encoding an analog signal by a transceiver for transmission as a composite digital signal through a wireless communication channel comprising the steps of:

a) concurrently measuring a plurality of characteristic values of the analog signal;

b) sample the analog signal to form a digital signal;

c) providing a plurality of sets of encoding parameters, each set corresponding to one of the plurality of characteristic values and;

d) ranking each characteristic value and then selecting one set of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters according to the ranking;

e) associating a corresponding coding value with the selected one set of the plurality of sets of encoding parameters;

f) encoding the digital signal after selecting the selected set of encoding parameters to provide an encoded digital signal; and

g) combining the encoded digital signal and the coding value to form the composite digital signal.

14. The method of claim 13 further including decoding, by a telecommunications transceiver, the composite digital signal to provide an analog signal, comprising the steps of:

a) separating the coding value and the encoded digital signal from the composite digital signal;

b) providing a plurality of sets of decoding parameters;

c) selecting one set of the plurality of sets of decoding parameters according to the coding value;

d) decoding the encoded digital signal according to the selected set of decoding parameters; and

e) converting the decoded digital signal to the analog signal.