Methods and apparatus for reducing MOSFET body diode conduction in a half-bridge configuration

• US 6,107,844 A
• Filed: 09/28/1998
• Issued: 08/22/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 09/28/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cirrus Logic Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Tripath Technology, Inc. (Cloudward, Inc.)
• Inventors: Berg, Steven K., Delano, Cary L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Zweizig, Jeffrey
• Application Number:
  US09/162,243
• Time in Patent Office: 694 Days
• Field of Search: 327/108, 327/109, 327/110, 327/111, 327/112, 327/538, 327/543
• US Class Current: 327/110
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0045 Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0048 Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses using snubbers H02M1/34
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1555 for the generation of a regulated current to a load whose impedance is substantially inductive
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5387 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/0822 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for operating first and second switches arranged in a half-bridge configuration are described. First and second gate voltages on the first and second gates, respectively, of the first and second switches are controlled such that the first switch is on and the second switch is off. One of the first and second gate voltages is controlled such that the corresponding one of the first and second switches operates as a constant current source. After one of the first and second switches has been operating as a constant current source, the second gate voltage is controlled such that the second switch is on and the first gate voltage is controlled such that the first switch is off.

Claims

1. A method for operating first and second switches arranged in a half-bridge configuration, the first and second switches having first and second gates, respectively, comprising:

controlling first and second gate voltages on the first and second gates, respectively, such that the first switch is on and the second switch is off;

controlling one of the first and second gate voltages such that the corresponding one of the first and second switches operates as a constant current source;

after the one of the first and second switches has been operating as a constant current source, controlling the second gate voltage such that the second switch is on; and

controlling the first gate voltage such that the first switch is off.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first switch is operated as the constant current source.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the second switch is operated as the constant current source.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first switch is a high-side switch and the second switch is a low-side switch, and wherein an output current having a direction is associated with the half-bridge configuration, the method further comprising:

sensing the direction of the output current;

where the output current is directed into the half-bridge configuration, operating the second switch as the constant current source; and

where the output current is directed out of the half-bridge configuration, operating the first switch as the constant current source.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first switch is a low-side switch and the second switch is a high-side switch, and wherein an output current having a direction is associated with the half-bridge configuration, the method further comprising:

sensing the direction of the output current;

where the output current is directed into the half-bridge configuration, operating the first switch as the constant current source; and

where the output current is directed out of the half-bridge configuration, operating the second switch as the constant current source.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising sensing an output voltage associated with the half-bridge configuration, the first and second gate voltages being controlled in accordance with the output voltage.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the output voltage comprises a first voltage across the first switch.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the output voltage comprises a first voltage across the second switch.

9. The method of claim 6 wherein the output voltage comprises a half-bridge configuration output voltage.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the constant current source has a first magnitude associated therewith, and wherein an output current of a second magnitude is associated with the half-bridge configuration, the first and second magnitudes being substantially the same.

11. A method for operating first and second switches arranged in a half-bridge configuration, the first and second switches having first and second gates, respectively, comprising:

controlling first and second gate voltages on the first and second gates, respectively, such that the first switch is on and the second switch is off;

controlling the first gate voltage such that the first switch operates as a constant current source;

while the first switch is operating as a constant current source, controlling the second gate voltage such that the second switch is on; and

after the second switch is turned on, controlling the first gate voltage such that the first switch is off.

12. A method for operating first and second switches arranged in a half-bridge configuration, the first and second switches having first and second gates, respectively, comprising:

controlling first and second gate voltages on the first and second gates, respectively, such that the first switch is on and the second switch is off;

controlling the second gate voltage such that the second switch operates as a constant current source;

while the second switch is operating as a constant current source, controlling the first gate voltage such that the first switch is turned off; and

after the first switch is turned off, controlling the second gate voltage such that the second switch is on.

13. A switching circuit comprising:

first and second switches arranged in a half-bridge configuration, the first and second switches having first and second gate terminals, respectively, the half-bridge configuration having an output terminal; and

gate control circuitry coupled to the output terminal and the first and second gate terminals which is operable to control the first and second switches to alternately operate as constant current sources to facilitate current commutation between the first and second switches.

14. The switching circuit of claim 13 wherein the gate control circuitry comprises third and fourth switches coupled to the first gate terminal for enabling and disabling the first switch, a first amplifier coupled to the first gate terminal for controlling the first switch to operate as a constant current source, fifth and sixth switches coupled to the second gate terminal for enabling and disabling the second switch, a second amplifier coupled to the second gate terminal for controlling the second switch to operate as a constant current source, and control logic for selectively enabling the third, fourth, fifth and sixth switches and the first and second amplifiers.

15. The switching circuit of claim 14 wherein the control circuitry further comprises output sensing circuitry coupled to the first and second switches for indicating a direction of an output current associated with the half-bridge configuration to the control logic.

16. The switching circuit of claim 14 further comprising gate sensing circuitry coupled to the first and second gate terminals for indicating the state thereof to the control logic.

17. An integrated circuit comprising:

first and second transistors arranged in a half-bridge configuration, the first and second transistors having first and second gate terminals, respectively, the half-bridge configuration having an output node;

gate control circuitry coupled to the output node and the first and second gate terminals which is operable to control the first and second transistors to alternately operate as constant current sources to facilitate current commutation between the first and second transistors.

18. The integrated circuit of claim 17 wherein the first and second transistors comprises MOSFETs.

19. The integrated circuit of claim 17 wherein the first and second transistors and the gate control circuitry are formed using CMOS technology.

20. The integrated circuit of claim 17 wherein the first and second transistors and the gate control circuitry are formed using DMOS technology.

21. The integrated circuit of claim 17 wherein the first and second transistors and the gate control circuitry are formed using bipolar technology.

22. The integrated circuit of claim 17 wherein the first and second transistors and the gate control circuitry are formed using IGBT technology.

23. The integrated circuit of claim 17 wherein the first and second transistors and the gate control circuitry are formed using a combination of technologies selected from the group of CMOS, DMOS bipolar, and IGBT.