Spectroscopic systems for the analysis of small and very small quantities of substance
First Claim
1. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein an outer wall of the cell tube is reflective to reflect radiation at least several times through the sample.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A spectroscopic system for the analysis of small quantities of substances makes use for the purposes of energy transfer of cone-shaped aperture changers which are arranged in the object zone between the light source and the sample and, during absorption measurements, also between the sample and the inlet slot of a spectrometer. A microcell system is provided in the object space. The microcell system comprises a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid. The cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, the sample liquid forming the core and the wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of the step waveguide.
45 Citations
61 Claims
- 1. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein an outer wall of the cell tube is reflective to reflect radiation at least several times through the sample.
- 12. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized in that the cell system is connected to a light source by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
- 26. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein the cell system is connected to a light source by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
- 34. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein an outer wall of the cell tube is reflective to reflect radiation at least several times through the sample liquid.
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42. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized in that a metal layer is applied on the outer surface of the cell tube at least in partial sections thereof.
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43. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized in that said cell is a flow-through cell, and on both ends of the cell tube an annular attachment piece is mounted which comprises inlet and outlet ports which open into inlet and outlet bores of the cell tube, and that a metal layer is applied between the attachment piece and the outer surface of the cell tube.
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44. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized in that the cell system is connected to a measuring device by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
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45. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein a metal layer is applied on the outer surface of the cell tube at least in partial sections thereof.
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46. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, the material of the cell tube is selected such that at the outside thereof there is total reflection with respect to a gas surrounding the cell.
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47. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein on both ends of the cell tube an annular attachment piece is mounted which comprises inlet and outlet ports which open into inlet and outlet bores of the cell tube, and a metal layer is applied between the attachment piece and the outer surface of the cell tube.
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48. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein there is an oblique coupling of radiation at the cell.
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49. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein there is an oblique decoupling of radiation at the cell.
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50. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein the cell system is connected to a light source by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
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51. Spectroscopic system, wherein at least one sample is illuminated by light emitted from a light source and the light from the sample is concentrated on the entrance slit of at least one spectrometer, characterized in that a microcell system is provided in an object space between the entrance slit of the spectrometer and the light source or its image, the microcell system comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step wave for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core, and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, wherein the cell system is connected to a measuring device by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
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52. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein a metal layer is applied on the outer surface of the cell tube at least in partial sections thereof.
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53. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein the material of the cell tube is selected such that at the outside thereof there is a total reflection with respect to a gas surrounding the cell.
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54. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein said cell is a flow-through cell and wherein on both ends of the cell tube an annular attachment piece is mounted which comprises inlet and outlet ports which open into inlet and outlet bores of the cell tube, and that a metal layer is applied between the attachment piece and the outer surface of the cell tube.
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55. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial coupling of radiation at the cell, wherein the cell system is connected to a measuring device by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
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56. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial decoupling of radiation at the cell, wherein an outer wall of the cell tube is reflective to reflect radiation at least several times through the sample.
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57. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial decoupling of radiation at the cell, wherein a metal layer is applied on the outer surface of the cell tube at least in partial sections thereof.
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58. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial decoupling of radiation at the cell, wherein the material of the cell tube is selected such that at the outside thereof there is total reflection with respect to a gas surrounding the cell.
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59. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial decoupling of radiation at the cell, wherein said cell is a flow-through cell and wherein on both ends of the cell tube an annular attachment piece is mounted which comprises inlet and outlet ports which open into inlet and outlet bores of the cell tube, and that a metal layer is applied between the attachment piece and the outer surface of the cell tube.
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60. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial decoupling of radiation at the cell, wherein the cell system is connected to a light source by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
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61. Microcell system for absorption photometry, comprising a cylindrical cell tube with a hollow core for receiving a sample liquid which is traversed at least in a longitudinal section of the hollow core by radiation whose absorption is subsequently measured, the cell tube and the sample liquid being adjustable with respect to the refractive index such that they act as a step waveguide for radiation, said sample liquid forming the core and said wall of the cell tube forming the sheath of said step waveguide, characterized by an axial decoupling of radiation at the cell, wherein the cell system is connected to a measuring device by means of an aperture changer comprising a member with a light entry port and a light exit port, the larger of said ports facing the cell tube.
Specification