Microband electrode arrays
First Claim
1. A microband electrode array sensor for detecting the presence or measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample, said sensor comprising:
- a substrate having a first edge;
a layer of insulating material having a first edge aligned with said first edge of said substrate; and
a plurality of microband electrodes between said substrate and layer of insulating material;
said microband electrodes having a surface exposed at said first edges of said substrate and said insulating layer; and
said insulating material forming a plurality of gaps, wherein there is one gap between each two adjacent electrodes, wherein the exposed surface of each of said microband electrodes has a width less than or equal to about 25 micrometers; and
said electrode array sensor being constructed and arranged such that the width of each said electrode and the size of each said gap is selected such that in operation, the signals produced by said microelectrodes are additive.
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Abstract
The present invention provides microband electrode array sensors for detecting the presence and measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample. The microband electrodes of the invention have both a width and a thickness of microscopic dimensions. Preferably the width and thickness of the microband electrodes are less than the diffusion length of the analyte(s) of interest. In general, both the thickness and width of the electrodes are less than about 25 micrometers. The electrodes are separated by a gap insulating material that is large enough that the diffusion layers of the electrodes do not overlap such that there is no interference and the currents at the electrodes are additive. Microband electrode arrays of this invention exhibit true steady-state amperometric behavior.
119 Citations
37 Claims
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1. A microband electrode array sensor for detecting the presence or measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample, said sensor comprising:
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a substrate having a first edge; a layer of insulating material having a first edge aligned with said first edge of said substrate; and a plurality of microband electrodes between said substrate and layer of insulating material; said microband electrodes having a surface exposed at said first edges of said substrate and said insulating layer; and
said insulating material forming a plurality of gaps, wherein there is one gap between each two adjacent electrodes, wherein the exposed surface of each of said microband electrodes has a width less than or equal to about 25 micrometers; andsaid electrode array sensor being constructed and arranged such that the width of each said electrode and the size of each said gap is selected such that in operation, the signals produced by said microelectrodes are additive. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37)
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35. A microband electrode array sensor for detecting the presence and measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample, said sensor comprising:
a plurality of electrodes embedded between a substrate and a layer of insulating material, each of said electrodes having a tip exposed along the edge of said substrate and said insulating layer, and each adjacent tip having positioned therebetween a gap consisting of insulating material and wherein each exposed electrode tip has a width less than or equal to about 25 micrometers said electrode array sensor being constructed and arranged such that the width of each said electrode and the size of each said gap is selected such that in operation, the signals produced by said microelectrodes are additive.
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36. A microband electrode array sensor for detecting the presence and measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample, said sensor comprising:
a plurality of electrodes deposited on a substrate and covered with a layer of insulating material, each of said electrodes having a tip exposed along the edge of said substrate and said insulating layer, and each adjacent tip having positioned therebetween a gap and wherein each exposed electrode tip has a width less than or equal to about 25 micrometers said electrode array sensor being constructed and arranged such that the width of each said electrode and the size of each said gap is selected such that in operation, the signals produced by said microelectrodes are additive.
Specification