Displaying film-originated video on high frame rate monitors without motions discontinuities
First Claim
1. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 120 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprisinga 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 120 Hz video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, anda frame repeater, deleter and substituter that deletes the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeats and substitutes therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, whereby a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5-5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
5 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
In arrangements for the frame rate upconversion of motion-picture-source video, a 60 Hz (interlaced field rate or progressive scan frame rate) television signal is converted to a form suitable for display on a variable-frame-rate high-resolution progressively-scanned monitor of the type typically associated with a computer or with a television set employing an increased frame rate. The inherent 3-2 motion picture film pulldown pattern in the source signal is changed to an equal time frame pattern, such as 3-3, 4-4, or 5-5, when the source signal is converted to a higher frame rate. This may be accomplished when the increased progressively-scanned video display frame rate is an integral multiple of the motion picture frame rate, namely 72 Hz, 96 Hz and 120 Hz.
113 Citations
24 Claims
-
1. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 120 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 120 Hz video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and a frame repeater, deleter and substituter that deletes the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeats and substitutes therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, whereby a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5-5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
2. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 120 Hz video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and a frame deleter and expander that deletes four frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely one frame of the four sequence portion and three frames of the six sequence portion, and time expands the remaining six frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/72 seconds each, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
3. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 120 Hz video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and a frame deleter and expander that deletes two of the frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely two frames in the six sequence portion, and expands the remaining eight frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/96 seconds each, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
4. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a frame repeater that repeats one of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, and a time compressor that compresses each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/72 seconds, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
5. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a frame repeater that repeats two of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence and one of the frames in 3 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, and a time compressor that compresses each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/96 seconds, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
6. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 120 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
frame rate doubling the film-originated video signal from 60 Hz to 120 Hz while maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and deleting the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeating and substituting therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, whereby a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5-5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
7. A method Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
frame rate doubling the film-originated video signal from 60 Hz to 120 Hz while maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and deleting four frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely one frame of the four sequence portion and three frames of the six sequence portion, and time expanding the remaining six frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/72 seconds each, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
8. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
frame rate doubling the film-originated video signal from 60 Hz to 120 Hz while maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and deleting two of the frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely two frames in the six sequence portion, and expanding the remaining eight frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/96 seconds each, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
9. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
repeating one of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, and time compressing each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/72 seconds, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
10. A method converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
repeating two of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence and one of the frames in 3 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, and time compressing each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/96 seconds, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
11. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 120 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz 2-1 interlaced to 60 Hz progressive scan converter receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal and putting out a 120 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and a frame repeater, deleter and substituter that deletes the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeats and substitutes therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, whereby a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5-5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
12. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz 2-1 interlaced to 60 Hz progressive scan converter receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal and putting out a 120 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and a frame deleter and expander that deletes four frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely one frame of the four sequence portion and three frames of the six sequence portion, and time expands the remaining six frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/72 seconds each, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
13. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz 2-1 interlaced to 60 Hz progressive scan converter receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal and putting out a 120 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and a frame deleter and expander that deletes two of the frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely two frames in the six sequence portion, and expands the remaining eight frames from 1/20 seconds each to 1/96 seconds each, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
14. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz 2-1 interlaced to 60 Hz progressive scan converter receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, and a frame repeater and compressor that compresses each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/72 seconds and repeats one of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
15. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz 2-1 interlaced to 60 Hz progressive scan converter receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, and a frame repeater and compressor that compresses each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/96 seconds and repeats two of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence and one of the frames in 3 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence , whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
16. A method converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 120 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
interlace to progressive scan converting the 60 Hz interlaced film-originated video signal having a 3-2 pulldown pattern to a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, frame rate doubling the 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal to a 120 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and deleting the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeating and substituting therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, whereby a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5- 5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
17. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
interlace to progressive scan converting the 60 Hz interlaced film-originated video signal to a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, frame rate doubling the 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal to a 120 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and deleting four frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely one frame of the four sequence portion and three frames of the six sequence portion, and time expanding the remaining six frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/72 seconds each, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
18. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
interlace to progressive scan converting the 60 Hz interlaced film-originated video signal to a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, frame rate doubling the 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal to a 120 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, and deleting two of the frames in each of the ten frame 6-4 sequences, namely two frames in the six sequence portion, and expanding the remaining eight frames from 1/120 seconds each to 1/96 seconds each, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
19. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
interlace to progressive scan converting the 60 Hz interlaced film-originated video signal having a 3-2 pulldown pattern to a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, and compressing each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/72 seconds and repeating one of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
20. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate interlaced video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
interlace to progressive scan converting the 60 Hz interlaced film-originated video signal to a 60 Hz progressively scanned video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern, and compressing each frame in a five frame 3-2 sequence from 1/60 to 1/96 seconds and repeating two of the frames in the 2 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence and one of the frames in 3 sequence portion of the 3-2 sequence, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
21. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 120 Hz video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, a frame repeater, deleter and substituter that deletes the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeats and substitutes therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, such that a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5-5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same, and a frame deleter and expander that deletes two of every five consecutive 120 Hz frames and time expands the remaining three frames, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
22. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate doubler receiving the film-originated video signal and putting out a 120 Hz video signal maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, a frame repeater, deleter and substituter that deletes the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeats and substitutes therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, such that a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5-5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same, and a frame deleter and expander that deletes one of every five consecutive 120 Hz frames and time expands the remaining four frames, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
23. A method for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 72 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
frame rate doubling the film-originated video signal from 60 Hz to 120 Hz while maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, deleting the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeating and substituting therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, such that a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5- 5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same, and deleting two of every five consecutive 120 Hz frames and time expanding the remaining three frames, whereby a 72 Hz video signal results having a 3-3 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
-
24. Apparatus for converting film-originated nominally 60 Hz frame rate progressively scanned video signals having a 3-2 pulldown pattern for 96 Hz frame rate progressive scan display without motion discontinuities, comprising
frame rate doubling the film-originated video signal from 60 Hz to 120 Hz while maintaining the 3-2 pulldown pattern as a 6-4 pattern, deleting the first or last one of the frames in each of the six frame sequences and repeating and substituting therefore one of the adjacent frames in each of the adjacent four frame sequences, such that a 120 Hz video signal results having a 5- 5 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same, and deleting one of every five consecutive 120 Hz frames and time expanding the remaining four frames, whereby a 96 Hz video signal results having a 4-4 pattern in which the display time of each film frame is the same.
Specification