Panoramic viewing system with offset virtual optical centers

• US 6,111,702 A
• Filed: 10/07/1997
• Issued: 08/29/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: FullView, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Nalwa, Vishvjit Singh
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, THONG Q
• Application Number:
  US08/946,443
• Time in Patent Office: 1,057 Days
• Field of Search: 359/363-367, 359/402-406, 359/431, 359/618, 359/627, 359/629, 359/725-726, 359/831, 359/834, 359/865-866, 348/36-39, 348/123, 348/335, 348/383, 353/94, 353/98-99
• US Class Current: 359/725
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/1066 for enhancing image performance, like resolution, pixel numbers, dual magnifications or dynamic range, by tiling, slicing or overlapping fields of view
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/143 using macroscopically faceted or segmented reflective surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/04 Prisms
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 17/17 with reflectors arranged in beam forming the photographic image, e.g. for reducing dimensions of camera
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 37/04 with cameras or projectors providing touching or overlapping fields of view
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/58 Means for changing the camera field of view without moving the camera body, e.g. nutating or panning of optics or image sensors
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/2628 Alteration of picture size, shape, position or orientation, e.g. zooming, rotation, rolling, perspective, translation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/74 Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/181 for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources

Abstract

Cameras are positioned so that they each view a different reflective surface of a polyhedron such as a pyramid. This results in each camera having a virtual optical center positioned within the pyramid. The cameras are positioned so that their virtual optical centers are offset from each other. The offsets produce narrow blind regions that remove image distortions received from the edges of the pyramid'"'"'s reflective surfaces.

Claims

1. A panoramic viewing apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of image processing devices, each having an optical center and a field of view; and

a pyramid shaped element having a plurality of reflective side facets facing in different directions, each of the plurality of reflective side facets redirecting a field of view associated with one of the plurality of image processing devices to create a plurality of virtual optical centers within the pyramid shaped element, each of the virtual optical centers being offset from each other to create a blind region that encompasses an edge of the reflective side facet associated with the image processing device.

2. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image processing devices are image capture devices.

3. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image processing devices are image producing devices.

4. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pyramid shaped element has four reflective side facets.

5. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the optical centers are offset in a direction toward a base of the pyramid shaped element from a position located in a plane, the plane being parallel to the base and containing a vertex of the pyramid shaped element.

6. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 5, wherein the image processing devices are image capture devices.

7. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 5, wherein the image processing devices are image producing devices.

8. A panoramic viewing apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of image processing devices, each having a first optical center and a first field of view;

a pyramid shaped element having a plurality of reflective side facets facing in different directions, each of the plurality of reflective side facets redirecting a field of view associated with one of the plurality of image processing devices to create a plurality of virtual optical centers within the pyramid shaped element, each of the virtual optical centers being offset from each other to create a blind region that encompasses an edge of the reflective side facet associated with the image processing device; and

a second image processing device having a second optical center located on a line that passes through a vertex of the pyramid shaped element and is perpendicular to a base of the pyramid shaped element, the second image processing device having a second field of view toward the base.

9. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the image processing devices are image capture devices.

10. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the image processing devices are image producing devices.

11. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second optical center is positioned along the line such that the second field of view does not encompass a base edge of the plurality of reflective side facets.

12. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 8, wherein each of the first optical centers are offset in a direction toward the base from a position located in a plane, the plane being parallel to the base and containing the vertex.

13. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the image processing devices are image capture devices.

14. The panoramic viewing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the image processing devices are image producing devices.