Method and apparatus for fire extinguishing
DCFirst Claim
1. A method for fire extinguishing, comprising the following stepsa) ignition of a pyrotechnic composition to form a gas and aerosol mixture consisting of a gaseous phase and a solid aerosol phase;
- b) passing said gas and aerosol mixture through a bed of a sorbent comprising an oxygen-containing oxidizer for post-oxidation,c) cooling said gas and aerosol mixture by heat exchange with coolant means, including indirect heat exchange of said gas and aerosol mixture with a solid sorbent;
d) passing said cooled gas and aerosol mixture through a filtering sorbent into a space that is being protected.
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Abstract
The invention relates to the firefighting technology. The method and system according to the invention provide environmentally safe and efficient fire extinguishing by introducing into a space that is being protected a vapor, gas, and aerosol mixture that is preliminarily oxidized and cooled and that contains a solid phase with particles of 1 to 2 μm, which is formed upon combustion of a pyrotechnic composition, and performing post-oxidation of the combustion products in a bed of a sorbent with an oxygen-containing oxidizer. A vapor and gas mixture is simultaneously introduced into the space that is being protected. The vapor and gas mixture is formed by desorption from the surface of a solid coolant that is saturated with a coolant as a result of indirect heat exchange with the products of combustion of the pyrotechnic composition. The oxygen-containing oxidizer may be in the form of potassium nitrate. A system is a casing with a discharge port, which accommodates a combustor that is thermally insulated from the casing walls and contains a pyrotechnic composition, an igniter, and a sorbent with an oxygen-containing oxidizer, a cooling unit located over the combustor, which is insulated against direct contact with the products of combustion of the pyrotechnic composition and has at least two coaxially extending shells that are filled with a coolant. Partition walls are provided over the shells, and a space defined between them is filled with a filtering sorbent.
68 Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method for fire extinguishing, comprising the following steps
a) ignition of a pyrotechnic composition to form a gas and aerosol mixture consisting of a gaseous phase and a solid aerosol phase; -
b) passing said gas and aerosol mixture through a bed of a sorbent comprising an oxygen-containing oxidizer for post-oxidation, c) cooling said gas and aerosol mixture by heat exchange with coolant means, including indirect heat exchange of said gas and aerosol mixture with a solid sorbent; d) passing said cooled gas and aerosol mixture through a filtering sorbent into a space that is being protected. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. An apparatus for fire extinguishing comprising
a casing having a discharge port at a downstream end thereof, a combustion chamber accommodated in said casing, the combustion chamber containing a pyrotechnic composition and ignition means for ignition of said pyrotechnic composition, two first grids arranged in spaced relationship downstream of said pyrotechnic composition and said ignition means, a sorbent with an oxygen-containing oxidizer being arranged between said two first grids, a cooling unit arranged downstream of said two first grids, said cooling unit including two second grids arranged in spaced relationship, metallic means through which at least one through-passage extends being arranged between said two second grids, two third grids arranged in said casing in spaced relationship between said cooling unit and said discharge port, a filtering sorbent being filled between said two third grids.
Specification