Contact sheet recording with a self-acting negative air bearing

• US 6,118,626 A
• Filed: 03/11/1997
• Issued: 09/12/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/11/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Hinteregger, Hans F, Muftu, Sinan
• Primary Examiner(s): Tupper, Robert S.
• Application Number:
  US08/815,194
• Time in Patent Office: 1,281 Days
• Field of Search: 360/122
• US Class Current: 360/122
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 15/62 Maintaining desired spacing between record carrier and head
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/00821 using stationary heads

Abstract

A flat head and a tape transport arrangement impart a wrap angle to the tape at the upstream corner of the head. The wrap angle, corner sharpness and tape stiffness are sufficient to cause a moving tape to form a hollow bump at the upstream corner, thereby creating a hollow into which entrained air can expand, causing a subambient pressure within and downstream of the bump. This pressure keeps the tape in contact with the head. It is created without the need for a groove or complex pressure relief slot(s). No contact pressure arises at the signal exchange site due to media wrap. The highest contact pressures are developed at a wrapped upstream corner. For a tape drive, traveling in both forward and reverse, the wrap can be at both the upstream and downstream (which is the "reverse upstream") corners. Heads that are not flat can also be used, if the wrap angle relative to a main surface is sufficient and not too large. The wrapped head can also be used with rotating media, such as disks (floppy and hard) and rotating heads, such as helical wound heads for video recording. Multiple flat tape bearing surfaces can be separated by grooves and/or angles. Each flat can carry heads along one or more gap lines. Multiple adjacent narrow tracks can thus be written for extreme high track density recording.

Claims

1. A support for a sheetform magnetic media having a characteristic stiffness and thickness, that travels forward along a machine dimension from a forward upstream direction to a forward downstream direction, said support comprising:

a. a head, having a signal exchange surface that comprises;

i. a signal exchange site;

ii. a forward upstream corner upstream of said signal exchange site; and

iii a forward upstream signal exchange surface, defined by an upstream main signal exchange surface curve, located along said machine dimension between said upstream corner and said signal exchange site, which signal exchange surface meets said upstream corner at a main slope discontinuity and has an upstream main tangent τ

_main at said main slope discontinuity;

b. a forward upstream media guide, spaced upstream from said upstream corner; and

c. said upstream media guide being located relative to said upstream corner and said upstream corner being sufficiently sharp and said upstream main tangent being oriented such that, a sheetform media that is contacting said media guide and is moving forward under tension follows a path such that;

i. a portion of said media contacts said upstream corner;

ii. a portion of said media that is downstream and adjacent to said upstream corner contacting portion, is spaced away from said signal exchange surface adjacent to and downstream from said main slope discontinuity, forming a hollow bump between said media and said signal exchange surface; and

iii. a portion of said media downstream from and adjacent said hollow bump contacts said signal exchange surface along the full extent from said bump to and including said signal exchange site.

3. The media support of claim 1, said upstream corner comprising a corner surface that meets said main upstream signal exchange surface at said main slope discontinuity, said corner surface having a main corner tangent τ

_corner, at said main slope discontinuity and having a side corner tangent τ

_side, at a side slope discontinuity that is spaced upstream from said main slope discontinuity.

4. The media support of claim 3, said corner surface comprising a substantially flat surface, whereby said main corner tangent τ

_corner and said side corner tangent τ

_side are substantially coincident.

5. The media support of claim 3, said corner surface comprising a curved surface, whereby said main corner tangent τ

_corner and said side corner tangent τ

_side intersect.

6. The media support of claim 3, said media guide being located such that a wrap angle θ

from said upstream main tangent τ

_main to said tape path immediately downstream of said media support is overwrapped past an angle α

between said upstream main tangent τ

_main and said side corner tangent τ

_side.

7. The media support of claim 3, said media guide being located such that a medium supported by said support and said head is overwrapped past said side corner tangent τ

_side.

8. The media support of claim 6, said wrap angle θ

being greater than or equal to six times said angle α

between said upstream main tangent τ

_main and said side corner tangent τ

_side.

9. The media support of claim 1, said main surface comprising a curved surface with a finite radius r _main.

10. The media support of claim 9, said upstream corner surface comprising a curved surface having a radius of curvature r_corner sized between 1/2 and 1/8 said main surface radius r_main.

11. The media support of claim 1, said main surface comprising a substantially flat surface.

12. The media support of claim 1, said upstream media guide being located relative to said upstream corner such that a wrap angle θ

is between 0.25 and 0.5°

, as measured between;

a. said upstream main tangent τ

_main,; and

b. said path of said media immediately downstream of said upstream media guide.

13. The media support of claim 1, said upstream media guide being located relative to said upstream corner such that a wrap angle θ

is between 1.5 and 5.5°

, as measured between;

a. said upstream main tangent τ

_main ; and

b. said path of said media immediately downstream of said upstream media guide.

14. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange site comprising a signal read element.

15. The media support of any of claims 1, said signal exchange site comprising a thin film type signal read element.

16. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange site comprising a signal write element.

17. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange site comprising a thin film type signal write element.

18. The media support of claim 1, said head further comprising a forward downstream corner, and a forward downstream signal exchange surface, defined by a downstream main signal exchange surface curve, located along said machine dimension between said downstream corner and said signal exchange site, which downstream signal exchange surface meets said downstream corner at a main downstream slope discontinuity and has a downstream main tangent τ

_down main at said downstream main slope discontinuity, said support further comprising a forward downstream media guide spaced downstream from said downstream corner, said downstream media guide being located relative to said downstream corner and said downstream corner being sufficiently sharp such that, a sheetform media that is contacting said media guide and is moving under tension in reverse, from said downstream direction to said upstream direction, follows a path such that a portion of said media contacts said downstream corner, a portion of said media that is upstream and adjacent to said downstream corner contacting portion, is spaced away from said downstream signal exchange surface adjacent to and upstream from said main downstream slope discontinuity, forming a downstream hollow bump between said media and said signal exchange surface and a portion of said media upstream from and adjacent said downstream hollow bump contacts said downstream signal exchange surface along the full extent from said downstream bump to and including said signal exchange site.

19. The media support of claim 18, further comprising a media transport capable of moving said media in said forward direction from upstream to downstream and also in a reverse direction from downstream to upstream.

20. The media support of claim 19, further comprising signal amplification and processing circuitry.

21. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange surface comprising a unitary substrate upon which is a deposited semiconductor thin film type signal exchange element.

22. The media support of claim 1, further comprising a media transport that is capable of moving said media past said signal exchange site at a speed of greater than 5 meters per second.

23. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange surface being free of any relieved region between said upstream corner and said signal exchange site.

24. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange head comprising a magnetic signal head.

25. The media support of claim 1, said media comprising a linear tape.

26. The media support of claim 1, said hollow bump having a length along said machine direction on the order of ##EQU13## where D is the bending stiffness of said media, and T is any tension in said media, along said machine direction.

27. The media support of claim 1, said gap having a teardrop shape, with a relatively pointed end and a relatively blunt end, the pointed end lying downstream of said blunt end.

28. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange surface comprising a rectangle with a forward upstream edge located at the interface between said upstream corner and said upstream curve, and a forward downstream edge located at an interface between a downstream corner and a downstream curve, said signal exchange surface being arranged such that said machine dimension is substantially perpendicular to said forward upstream and downstream edges.

29. The media support of claim 1, said signal exchange surface comprising a rectangle with a forward upstream edge located at the interface between said upstream corner and said upstream curve, and a forward downstream edge located at an interface between a downstream corner and a downstream curve, said signal exchange surface being arranged such that said machine dimension is oblique relative to said forward upstream and downstream edges.

30. The support of claim 1, further comprising:

a second head, substantially identical to said first head in configuration, except that said second head has a signal exchange site that is offset in a cross machine dimension, perpendicular to said machine dimension, from said signal exchange site of said first head, said second head located forward downstream of said first head, and oriented with respect to said first head, such that a sheetform media that is contacting said first head and is moving forward under tension follows a path such that;

a. a portion of any said media contacts said upstream corner of said second head;

b. a portion of said media that is downstream and adjacent to said upstream corner contacting portion for said second head, is spaced away from said signal exchange surface of said second head, adjacent to and downstream from said main slope discontinuity of said second head, forming a hollow bump between said media and said signal exchange surface of said second head; and

c. a portion of said media downstream from and adjacent said hollow bump contacts said signal exchange surface of said second head along the full extent from said bump to and including said signal exchange site of said second head.

31. The support of claim 30, further comprising:

a third head, substantially identical to said first and second heads in configuration, located and oriented with respect to said second head substantially identically as said second head is located and oriented with respect to said first head.

2. A support for a sheetform magnetic media that travels forward along a machine dimension from a forward upstream direction to a forward downstream direction, said support comprising:

a. a head, having a signal exchange surface that comprises;

i. a signal exchange site;

ii. a forward upstream corner; and

iii a main signal exchange surface curve, located along said machine dimension between said upstream corner and said signal exchange site, which signal exchange surface meets said upstream corner at a main slope discontinuity and has an upstream main tangent τ

_main at said main slope discontinuity;

b. a forward upstream media guide, spaced upstream from said upstream corner; and

c. said upstream media guide being located such that, a sheetform media that is contacting said media guide and is moving forward under tension follows a path such that;

i. a portion of said media that is downstream and adjacent to said upstream corner is spaced away from said signal exchange surface adjacent to and downstream from said upstream corner, forming a hollow bump between said media and said signal exchange surface; and

ii. a portion of said media downstream from and adjacent said hollow bump contacts said signal exchange surface along the full extent from said bump to and including said signal exchange site.