Superconductive planar radio frequency filter having resonators with folded legs
First Claim
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1. A planar filter for radio frequency energy, comprising:
- a plurality of resonating elements separated from a ground structure by a dielectric layer, the plurality of resonating elements including input and output resonating elements and said plurality of resonating elements respectively are arranged in an approximately linear fashion and each of said plurality of resonating elements respectively includes a first longitudinal center axis respectively that is substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, said respective first longitudinal center axis being substantially centered between farthest edges of said corresponding resonating element on either side of said respective first longitudinal center axis, each of said plurality of resonating elements respectively being asymmetrical about the corresponding first longitudinal center axis, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements in said plurality of resonating elements has a corresponding second longitudinal center axis located therebetween, the second longitudinal center axis being substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements is asymmetrical about a corresponding second longitudinal center axis, and wherein the number of pairs of adjacent resonating elements is odd; and
an input, for radio frequency energy, in communication with the input resonating element and an output, for the radio frequency energy, in communication with the output resonating element, wherein at least one of the input and output has a first portion spaced from a corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements for distributively coupling a first component of the radio frequency energy between the first portion and the corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements and a second portion physically connected to the corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements for tap coupling a second component of the radio frequency energy between the second portion and the corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements such that the first component of the radio frequency energy substantially excludes the second component of the radio frequency energy.
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Abstract
A planar filter for performing signal filtering at radio frequencies is provided. The planar filter can include asymmetrical resonators, wherein each resonator is asymmetrical about a longitudinal center axis through the resonator. In addition, the resonators can be grouped in coupled pairs such that the resonators in each coupled pair are asymmetrical about a longitudinal center axis between the paired resonators. In addition, a coupling structure is provided that includes both distributed coupling and tapped coupling to a resonator. Further, a bandstop filter device is provided that includes coupling between resonators in the filter.
76 Citations
36 Claims
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1. A planar filter for radio frequency energy, comprising:
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a plurality of resonating elements separated from a ground structure by a dielectric layer, the plurality of resonating elements including input and output resonating elements and said plurality of resonating elements respectively are arranged in an approximately linear fashion and each of said plurality of resonating elements respectively includes a first longitudinal center axis respectively that is substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, said respective first longitudinal center axis being substantially centered between farthest edges of said corresponding resonating element on either side of said respective first longitudinal center axis, each of said plurality of resonating elements respectively being asymmetrical about the corresponding first longitudinal center axis, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements in said plurality of resonating elements has a corresponding second longitudinal center axis located therebetween, the second longitudinal center axis being substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements is asymmetrical about a corresponding second longitudinal center axis, and wherein the number of pairs of adjacent resonating elements is odd; and an input, for radio frequency energy, in communication with the input resonating element and an output, for the radio frequency energy, in communication with the output resonating element, wherein at least one of the input and output has a first portion spaced from a corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements for distributively coupling a first component of the radio frequency energy between the first portion and the corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements and a second portion physically connected to the corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements for tap coupling a second component of the radio frequency energy between the second portion and the corresponding one of the input and output resonating elements such that the first component of the radio frequency energy substantially excludes the second component of the radio frequency energy.
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2. A planar filter for radio frequency energy, comprising:
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a plurality of resonating elements separated from a ground structure by a dielectric layer, said plurality of resonating elements including an input resonating element and an output resonating element and said plurality of resonating elements respectively are arranged in an approximately linear fashion and each of said plurality of said resonating elements respectively includes a first longitudinal center axis respectively that is substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, said respective first longitudinal center axis being substantially centered between farthest edges of said corresponding resonating element on either side of said respective first longitudinal center axis, each of said plurality of resonating elements respectively being symmetrical about the corresponding first longitudinal center axis, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements in said plurality of resonating elements has a corresponding second longitudinal center axis located therebetween, the second longitudinal center axis being substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements is asymmetrical about a corresponding second longitudinal center axis, and wherein each of the plurality of resonating elements includes a corresponding pinched end; an input for coupling radio frequency energy from an exterior environment to said input element; and an output for coupling radio frequency energy from said output resonating element to said exterior environment; wherein one of said input and said output includes a first conductive portion that is physically connected to a corresponding one of said input resonating element and said output resonating element for conductively transferring radio frequency energy therewith and the other of said input and said output includes a second conductive portion that is spaced from a corresponding one of said input resonating element and said output resonating element for radiatively transferring radio frequency energy therewith. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4)
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5. A planar bandpass filter for radio frequency energy, comprising:
a plurality of resonating elements arranged in an approximately linear fashion, wherein each of said plurality of resonating elements respectively includes a first longitudinal center axis that is substantially normal to a direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, said first longitudinal center axis being respectively substantially centered between farthest edges of a corresponding resonating element on either side of said respective first longitudinal center axis, each of said plurality of resonating elements being asymmetrical about a corresponding first longitudinal center axis, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements has a corresponding second longitudinal center axis located therebetween, the second longitudinal center axis respectively being substantially normal to the direction of flow of radio frequency energy through the filter, wherein each pair of adjacent resonating elements is asymmetrical about the corresponding second longitudinal center axis, and wherein the number of pairs of adjacent resonating elements is odd. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A planar filter for radio frequency energy, comprising:
a first resonating element having a plurality of legs and folds, wherein a first leg, a second leg, and a third leg are substantially parallel to one another, the first and second legs defining an outer boundary of the first resonating element and the third leg being located between an outer edge of the first leg and an outer edge of the second leg, wherein the first and second legs are connected by a first fold and the second and third legs by a second fold, the second fold being different from the first fold, wherein the first resonating element is asymmetrical about a first longitudinal center axis that is substantially parallel to said first, second and third legs. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A planar bandstop filter for radio frequency energy, comprising:
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a transmission line section having an input and an output; and a plurality of resonating elements coupled to said transmission line section at predetermined intervals along a length of said transmission line section, each of said plurality of resonating elements having a respective coupling point along said transmission line section that represents an area of strongest coupling between said corresponding resonator element and said transmission line section, wherein said plurality of resonating elements includes a first resonating element having a first coupling point, a second resonating element having a second coupling point, and a third resonating element having a third coupling point, wherein a radio frequency signal propagating along said transmission line section from said input to said output first passes said first coupling point, then passes said second coupling point, and later passes said third coupling point; wherein each of said first and third resonating elements includes a pinched end and the respective pinched ends are in an opposing relationship and wherein each of said first and second resonating elements includes a meandering line and the respective meandering lines of said first and second resonating elements are in an opposing relationship, whereby a coupling between said first resonating element and said third resonating element is stronger than a coupling between said first resonating element and said second resonating element. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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Specification