Nanoelectrode arrays
First Claim
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1. A sensor for detecting biological molecules, said sensor comprising:
- a substrate;
an electrode on said substrate, said electrode having the capacity to bind a preselected biological molecule, said electrode extending from a principal surface of said substrate a distance of from 2 Angstroms to 5 nanometers and said electrode having a width of from 2 Angstroms to 5 nanometers.
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Abstract
An array of electrodes at the atomic or nano scale (nanoelectrodes) is built on a chip. The spatial distribution, height, width and electrochemical composition of the nanoelectrodes is varied, such that protein-specific electronic receptors are built directly on the chip with the nanoelectrodes without the use of any specific binding agents or molecules. Because of their size, a very large number of different receptors can be built as arrays on a single chip. The chip can be used to detect, characterize and quantify single molecules in solution such as individual proteins, complex protein mixtures, DNA or other molecules.
294 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A sensor for detecting biological molecules, said sensor comprising:
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a substrate; an electrode on said substrate, said electrode having the capacity to bind a preselected biological molecule, said electrode extending from a principal surface of said substrate a distance of from 2 Angstroms to 5 nanometers and said electrode having a width of from 2 Angstroms to 5 nanometers. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A sensor for detecting proteins, said sensor comprising:
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a micro-capillary tube; a plurality of electrodes disposed in said tube, said electrodes having the capacity to bind a preselected protein, said electrodes being between about 10-9 and 10-10 meters in height and width. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22)
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23. A method of sequencing nucleic acids, comprising the steps of:
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providing a sensor assembly, said sensor assembly having a substrate on which plurality of electrodes are disposed, said electrodes each extending from a principal surface of said substrate a distance of from 2 Angstroms to 5 nanometers and having a width of from 2 Angstroms to 5 nanometers; contacting said electrodes with a solution containing nucleic acids; said electrodes having the capacity to bind at least some of said nucleic acids. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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Specification