Sensor cartridges

• US 6,123,820 A
• Filed: 06/05/1998
• Issued: 09/26/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Case Western Reserve University, Duke University, University of South Carolina, Grupo CH-Werfen SA (Werfen SA)
• Original Assignee: Case Western Reserve University, Duke University, University of South Carolina, Grupo CH-Werfen SA (Werfen SA)
• Inventors: Moriarty, John P., Cosofret, Vasile V., Bucchianeri, Richard M., Neuman, Michael R., Lucic, Richard A., Bergkuist, Carolyn, Buck, Richard P., Liu, Chung-Chuin
• Primary Examiner(s): Tung, T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOGUEROLA, ALEXANDER STEPHAN
• Application Number:
  US09/090,992
• Time in Patent Office: 844 Days
• Field of Search: 204/409, 204/411, 204/412, 422/82.01
• US Class Current: 204/411
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/4915 using flow cells flow cytometry G01N15/14
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/492 Determining multiple analytes

Abstract

Sensor cartridges include a fluid constituent-selective sensor membrane in direct sealing contact with a face of a flow-through sample cell in surrounding relationship to a sensor port. The sensor membrane has sufficiently large surface area so as to entirely cover the sensor port and establish an annular region in surrounding relationship thereto. It is this annular region which is in direct contact with a corresponding region of the sample cell face so as to provide self-sealing capabilities. The sensor cartridge most preferably includes a flow-through sample cell having a zig-zag or serpentine flow channel so as to provide a series of sensor ports on both of the opposed cell faces. The faces of the sample cell are most preferably provided with recessed regions which define a series of land surfaces each of which surrounds a respective one of the sensor ports. A pair of sensor arrays having a corresponding series of sensors are thus juxtaposed with a respective land surface of the sample cell face so as to sandwich the sample cell therebetween. A two-part "clamshell" housing houses the sensor arrays and the sample cell sandwiched therebetween.

Claims

1. A sensor cartridge for determining desired fluid sample constituents comprising:

a housing;

a rigid flow-through sample cell having a fluid sample inlet and outlet positioned within said housing;

a flow channel defined entirely internally of said sample cell between said inlet and outlet;

multiple sensor ports defined in at least one external face of said sample cell which are in fluid communication with said flow channel; and

a sensor array comprised of multiple planar sensors each being operatively associated with a respective sensor port, wherein

each of said sensors includes (i) a support substrate having front and rear surfaces, (ii) an electrochemical sensor supported by said support substrate on said front surface thereof, and (iii) a membrane covering both said electrochemical sensor on said front surface of said support substrate and said respective sensor port so as to be in contact with a portion of the fluid sample to determine a desired constituent of the fluid sample; and

wherein

each said membrane includes a peripheral region entirely surrounding said respective sensor port in direct sealing contact with said external face of said sample cell, and wherein

said sensor cartridge further comprises a biasing member positioned between said housing and a rear surface of said support substrate such that said peripheral regions of said membranes are compressively captured between said front surface of said support substrates of said sensors and said external face of said sample cell to provide a self-sealing gasket therebetween; and

wherein

said flow channel is fluid-isolated from said sensors except for fluid-contact with the sensor membranes covering said respective sensor ports.

2. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, wherein multiple ones of said sensor ports are defined in one and another of opposite faces of said flow-through sample cell, and wherein said flow channel alternately fluid-connects in series sensor ports defined in said one of said sample cell faces and sensor ports defined in said another of said sample faces.

3. A sensor cartridge as in claim 2, wherein said flow channel defines a zig-zag flow path.

4. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, wherein said sample cell has a recessed face which establishes a land surface, and wherein said sensor ports are positioned at said land surface.

5. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, wherein said housing is a two-part, bilaterally symmetrical housing.

6. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, wherein said biasing member includes a generally cylindrical biasing pad formed of a resilient elastomeric material.

7. A sensor cartridge as in claim 6, wherein said biasing pad includes a base for contacting said housing, and an annular face wall for contacting said sensor.

8. A sensor cartridge as in claim 6, wherein said housing includes a channel recess to receive said biasing pad.

9. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, comprising a conditioning fluid filling said flow channel and said sensor ports for maintaining operational conditioning of said sensors.

10. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, comprising multiple individual support substrates, each said support substrate supporting a respective one of said multiple sensors.

11. A sensor cartridge as in claim 10, wherein said support substrates and said sample cell include cooperating key structures which ensure correct placement and orientation of said sensors relative to said sample cell.

12. A sensor cartridge as in claim 11, wherein said key structures include raised bosses formed on said sample cell and recesses formed on said substrates which cooperate with said bosses.

13. A sensor cartridge as in claim 1, comprising a common support substrate for supporting at least one array of said multiple sensors.

14. A fluid sensor cartridge comprising:

a housing;

a sample cell having at least one recessed face defining a series of land surfaces positioned within said housing;

a flow channel defined within said sample cell;

a series of sensor ports in fluid-communication with said flow channel and exposed at respective ones of said land surfaces;

a planar sensor support substrate having front and rear surfaces; and

a sensor array supported on said front surface of said sensor support substrate and positioned adjacent to said sample cell, said sensor array having a series of multiple planar sensors each in registry with a respective one of said sensor ports, wherein

each of said multiple planar sensors includes (i) an electrochemical sensor, and (ii) a membrane covering both said electrochemical sensor and said respective sensor port so as to be in contact with a portion of the fluid sample to determine a desired constituent of the fluid sample; and

wherein said membranes include peripheral regions entirely surrounding said respective sensor port in direct sealing contact with said external face of said sample cell, and wherein

said fluid sensor cartridge further comprises a biasing member positioned between said housing and said rear surface of said support substrate which compressively sandwiches said peripheral regions of said membranes between said front surface of said sensor support substrate and said external face of said sample cell to provide a self-sealing gasket therebetween.

15. A sensor cartridge as in claim 14, wherein each said electrochemical sensor of said sensor array includes an electrochemical electrode, an electrical conductive layer, a water-impermeable layer disposed over a portion of said electrical conductive layer and defining a sensor well in registry with a terminal end of said electrode, wherein said membrane of each said multiple planar sensor of said sensor array cover a respective said sensor well.

16. A sensor cartridge as in claim 15, wherein said water-impermeable layer is a ceramic glaze layer.

17. A sensor cartridge as in claim 14, wherein said biasing member is a one-piece structure formed of a resilient elastomeric material.

18. A sensor cartridge as in claim 17, wherein said biasing member includes a plurality of generally cylindrical biasing pads in substantial coaxial alignment with a respective one of said sensor ports.

19. A sensor cartridge as in claim 18, wherein said biasing pads include an annular face wall in contact with said sensor array.

20. A fluid sensor cartridge comprising:

a sample cell defining a flow channel and at least two exposed sensor ports in fluid-communication with said sample cell;

at least two planar sensors each having (i) a support substrate having opposed front and rear surfaces, (ii) an electrochemical sensor supported by said support substrate on said front surface thereof so as to be in covering relationship with a respective one of said sensor ports, and (iii) a membrane covering said electrochemical sensor;

a housing for said sample cell and said sensors; and

an elastomeric biasing member positioned between said housing and said rear surface of said support substrate for urging said membranes covering said electrochemical sensors on said front surface of said support substrate into sealing contact with said sample cell.

21. A sensor cartridge as in claim 20, wherein said biasing member includes a generally cylindrically shaped biasing pad formed of a resilient elastomeric material.

22. A sensor cartridge as in claim 21, wherein said biasing pad includes an annular face wall in contact with said rear surface of said support substrate.

23. A sensor cartridge as in claim 22, wherein said biasing member is formed of silicone rubber.

24. A sensor cartridge as in claim 20, wherein said sample cell includes a recessed region which defines a land surface, and wherein said sensor port is exposed onto said land surface.

25. A sensor cartridge as in claim 24, wherein said membrane includes a peripheral region which is in direct sealing contact with said land surface surrounding said sensor port.

26. A sensor cartridge as in claim 20 or 25, wherein said electrochemical sensor includes an electrochemical electrode, a water-impermeable layer disposed over said electrode and defining a sensor well in registry with a terminal end of said electrode, wherein said membrane of said sensor covers said sensor well.

27. The sensor cartridge of claim 26, wherein said water-impermeable layer is a ceramic glaze layer.

28. A fluid sensor cartridge comprising:

a flow-through sample cell defining a flow channel and having opposed separated planar faces;

a series of separated sensor ports defined in said opposed separated planar faces and fluid-connected to said flow channel;

said planar faces of said sample cell having recessed regions which establish land surfaces surrounding respective ones of said sensor ports;

first and second sensor arrays sandwiching said sample cell, said first and second sensor arrays having individual planar sensors in registry with a respective one of said sensor ports;

wherein

said individual planar sensors include (i) a planar support substrate having opposed front and rear planar surfaces, (ii) an electrochemical sensor disposed on said front surface of said support substrate so as to be in opposition with said respective one of said sensor ports, and (iii) a membrane covering said electrochemical sensor and having a peripheral region which surrounds said respective one of said sensor ports;

a housing containing said first and second sensor arrays and said sample cell sandwiched therebetween, and

biasing members positioned between said housing and each said rear surface of said planar support substrate so as to bias said membranes into sealing contact with said land surfaces of said respective ones of said sensor ports.

29. A sensor cartridge as in claim 28, wherein said biasing members include individual biasing pads in registry with a respective one of said individual sensors of said sensor arrays, and formed of an elastomeric material for urging said membranes of said individual sensors of said first and second sensor arrays into contact with respective ones of said land surfaces.

30. A sensor cartridge as in claim 29, wherein said individual biasing pads include an annular face wall in contact with said rear surface of said planar support substrate of said sensor array and positioned in substantial coaxial alignment with respective ones of said sensor port.

31. A sensor cartridge for the simultaneous determination of respective fluid sample constituents comprising:

a flow-through sample cell having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a zig-zag flow channel defined between said fluid inlet and outlet;

a series of sensor ports defined in external faces on each of the opposed sides of said flow channel which are in fluid communication with said flow channel;

first and second sensor arrays each located on a respective external face of said sample cell and having at least one planar sensor which is self-aligning with respect to a respective one of said sensor ports;

each said sensor including a membrane component having a central region in covering relationship with said respective one of said sensor ports so as to be in contact with the fluid sample in the flow channel, whereby a respective fluid sample constituent may be determined, and a peripheral region which surrounds said central region and said respective one of said sensor ports so as to be in contact with a respective external face of said sample cell; and

a two-part housing which comprises a biasing member positioned between said housing and a rear surface of a sensor support substrate, wherein the housing compressively seals said peripheral region of said membranes directly to said respective external face of said sample cell and thereby be self-gasketing against leakage of the sample fluid.

32. The sensor cartridge of claim 31, wherein said housing includes openings along one surface to allow electrical and/or fluid connections between said sensors and a host analyzer.

33. The sensoe cartridge of claim 31, wherein said sensors include a supporting substrate, and a water-impermeable layer disposed over said substrate to define sensor wells.

34. The sensor cartridge of claim 33, wherein said water-impermeable layer is a ceramic glaze.

35. The sensor cartridge of claim 33 or 34, wherein said peripheral region of said membrane component is in direct bonding contact said water-impermeable layer.

36. The sensor cartridge of claim 31, wherein said membrane component includes an ionophore component which is selective to a particular constituent of the sample fluid, and wherein said peripheral region has a volume in excess of the volume of the central region so as to provide a reservoir of the ionophore component sufficient to replenish the ionophore component depleted from said central region.

37. The sensor cartridge of claim 31, wherein each said sensor is individually removable.

38. The sensor cartridge of claim 31, wherein said sensors are disposed along, and are structurally interconnected by, a common substrate structure.