Augmentation of electrical conduction and contractility by biphasic cardiac pacing administered via the cardiac blood pool
First Claim
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1. A method for electrical cardiac pacing comprising:
- supplying means for electrical stimulation to a cardiac blood pool, wherein the means for electrical stimulation lacks intimate contact with cardiac tissue; and
applying biphasic electrical stimulation to the cardiac blood pool for cardiac pacing, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises;
a first stimulation phase with a first phase polarity, a first phase amplitude, a first phase shape and a first phase duration; and
a second stimulation phase with a second phase polarity, a second phase amplitude, a second phase shape and a second phase duration;
wherein the first phase polarity is positive.
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Abstract
Augmentation of electrical conduction and contractility by biphasic cardiac pacing. A first stimulation phase is administered to the cardiac blood pool This first stimulation phase has a predefined polarity, amplitude and duration A second stimulation phase is then administered to the cardiac blood pool. This second phase also has a predefined polarity, amplitude and duration. The two phases are applied sequentially. Contrary to current thought, anodal stimulation is first applied and followed by cathodal stimulation. In this fashion, pulse conduction through the cardiac muscle is unproved together with the increase in contractility.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A method for electrical cardiac pacing comprising:
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supplying means for electrical stimulation to a cardiac blood pool, wherein the means for electrical stimulation lacks intimate contact with cardiac tissue; and applying biphasic electrical stimulation to the cardiac blood pool for cardiac pacing, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises; a first stimulation phase with a first phase polarity, a first phase amplitude, a first phase shape and a first phase duration; and a second stimulation phase with a second phase polarity, a second phase amplitude, a second phase shape and a second phase duration; wherein the first phase polarity is positive. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for electrical cardiac pacing comprising:
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supplying means for electrical stimulation to a cardiac blood pool, wherein the means for electrical stimulation lacks intimate contact with cardiac tissue; and applying biphasic electrical stimulation to the cardiac blood pool for cardiac pacing, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises; a first stimulation phase with a first phase polarity, a first phase amplitude, a first phase shape and a first phase duration; and a second stimulation phase with a second phase polarity, a second phase amplitude, a second phase shape and a second phase duration; wherein the first phase amplitude is less than the second phase amplitude.
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11. A method for electrical cardiac pacing comprising:
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supplying means for electrical stimulation to a cardiac blood pool, wherein the means for electrical stimulation lacks intimate contact with cardiac tissue; and applying biphasic electrical stimulation to the cardiac blood pool for cardiac pacing, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises; a first stimulation phase with a first phase polarity, a first phase amplitude, a first phase shape and a first phase duration; and a second stimulation phase with a second phase polarity, a second phase amplitude, a second phase shape and a second phase duration; wherein the first phase amplitude is ramped from a baseline value to a second value. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method for electrical cardiac pacing comprising:
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supplying means for electrical stimulation to a cardiac blood pool, wherein the means for electrical stimulation lacks intimate contact with cardiac tissue; and applying biphasic electrical stimulation to the cardiac blood pool for cardiac pacing, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises; a first stimulation phase with a first phase polarity, a first phase amplitude, a first phase shape and a first phase duration; and a second stimulation phase with a second phase polarity, a second phase amplitude, a second phase shape and a second phase duration; wherein the first stimulation phase further comprises a series of stimulating pulses of a predetermined amplitude, polarity and duration; and wherein the first stimulation phase further comprises a series of rest periods. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22)
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23. A method for electrical cardiac pacing comprising:
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supplying means for electrical stimulation to a cardiac blood pool, wherein the means for electrical stimulation lacks intimate contact with cardiac tissue; and applying biphasic electrical stimulation to the cardiac blood pool for cardiac pacing, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises; a first stimulation phase with a first phase polarity, a first phase amplitude, a first phase shape and a first phase duration; and a second stimulation phase with a second phase polarity, a second phase amplitude, a second phase shape and a second phase duration; wherein the second phase duration is less than 0.3 milliseconds and the second phase amplitude is greater than 20 volts.
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Specification