Methods and apparatus for dose verification in an imaging system

• US 6,141,402 A
• Filed: 08/25/1998
• Issued: 10/31/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 08/25/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Toth, Thomas L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Font, Frank G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Inzirillo, Gioacchino
• Application Number:
  US09/140,109
• Time in Patent Office: 798 Days
• Field of Search: 378/97, 378/108, 378/147, 378/150, 378/151, 378/152, 378/19, 378/16, 378/207
• US Class Current: 378/150
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/06 Diaphragms
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4085 Cone-beams
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/542 involving control of exposure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/583 using calibration phantoms

Abstract

The present invention, in one form, is a system which, in one embodiment, utilizes signals from a detector array to verify system dose. More specifically, the detector array signal intensities are used to determine image noise and a collimator aperture to verify an x-ray dosage. Particularly, in one embodiment, the signals intensities from the detector array are used to determine the position of collimator cams. Using the position of the collimator cams, the aperture of the collimator is determined so that X-ray dose may verified using the collimator aperture and image noise information.

Claims

1. A method of determining x-ray dose in an imaging system, the imaging system including a detector array having at least two rows of detector cells displaced along a z-axis, an x-ray source for radiating an x-ray beam toward the detector array and an adjustable collimator, said method comprising the steps of:

scanning an object;

determining an image noise of the scanned object; and

determining a collimator z-axis aperture using the detector array.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein determining the collimator aperture comprises the steps of:

positioning the collimator aperture to a nominal value; and

determining an adjusted collimator aperture.

3. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein determining the adjusted collimator aperture comprises the step of characterizing the collimator.

4. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the detector is a multislice detector.

5. A method in accordance with claim 3 wherein determining the adjusted collimator aperture further comprises the step of measuring the collimator aperture.

6. A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein the x-ray beam is radiated from a focal spot and the collimator includes at least two adjustable cams positioned on opposing sides of the x-ray beam for altering the z-axis profile of the x-ray beam, and wherein measuring the collimator aperture comprises the steps of:

determining a maximum signal intensity from at least one detector cell; and

determining a position of the collimator cam wherein the signal intensity at the detector cell is one-half of the maximum signal intensity.

7. A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein determining a position of the collimator cam wherein the signal intensity is one-half of the maximum signal intensity at the detector cell comprises the steps of:

altering the position of the collimator cam; and

measuring the detector cell intensity.

8. A method in accordance with claim 7 wherein altering the position of the collimator cam comprises the step of determining a distance from the center of the detector array to the center of the detector cell having one-half intensity.

9. A method in accordance with claim 8 wherein the distance from the center of the detector array to the center of the detector cell having one-half intensity is:

Z=width of the detector cell * (number of cells with full intensity from the center of the detector array +1/2).

10. A method in accordance with claim 8 wherein the position of the collimator cam is:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">A=Z*(C/D).

11.

11. A system for determining x-ray dose in an imaging system, the imaging system including a detector array having at least two rows of detector cells displaced along a z-axis, an x-ray source for radiating an x-ray beam toward the detector array and an adjustable collimator, said system configured to:

scan an object;

determine an image noise of the scanned object; and

determine a collimator z-axis aperture using the detector array.

12. A system in accordance with claim 11 wherein to determine the collimator aperture, said system configured to:

position the collimator to a nominal aperture; and

determine an adjusted collimator aperture.

13. A system in accordance with claim 11 wherein the detector is a multislice detector.

14. A system in accordance with claim 12 wherein to determine the adjusted collimator aperture, said system configured to characterize the collimator.

15. A system in accordance with claim 12 wherein to determine the adjusted collimator aperture, said system further configured to measure the collimator aperture.

16. A system in accordance with claim 15 wherein the x-ray beam is radiated from a focal spot and the collimator includes at least two adjustable cams positioned on opposing sides of the x-ray beam for altering the z-axis profile of the x-ray beam, and wherein to measure the collimator aperture, said system configured to:

determine a maximum signal intensity from at least one detector cell; and

determine a position of the collimator cam where the signal intensity at the detector cell is one-half of the maximum signal intensity.

17. A system in accordance with claim 16 wherein to determine a position of the collimator cam where the signal intensity is one-half of the maximum signal intensity at the detector cell, said system configured to:

alter the position of the collimator cam; and

measure the detector cell intensity.

18. A system in accordance with claim 17 wherein to alter the position of the collimator cam, said system configured to determine a distance from the center of the detector array to the center of the detector cell having one-half intensity.

19. A system in accordance with claim 18 wherein said distance from the center of the detector array to the center of the detector cell having one-half intensity is:

Z=width of the detector cell * (number of cells with fill intensity from the center of the detector array +1/2).

20. A system in accordance with claim 19 wherein said position of the collimator cam is:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">A=Z*(C/D).

21.

21. An imaging system comprising a multislice detector array having at least two rows of detector cells displaced along a z-axis, an x-ray source for radiating an x-ray beam toward the detector array, a pre-patient collimator having an aperture said system configured to:

scan an object;

determine image noise of the scanned object; and

determine a collimator z-axis aperture using the detector array.

22. An imaging system in accordance with claim 21 wherein to determine said collimator aperture, said imaging system configured to:

characterize said collimator; and

measure said collimator aperture.

23. A system in accordance with claim 21 wherein said x-ray beam is radiated from a focal spot and said collimator includes at least two adjustable cams positioned on opposing sides of said x-ray beam for altering the z-axis profile of said x-ray beam, and wherein to measure said collimator aperture, said system configured to:

determine a maximum signal intensity from at least one detector cell; and

alter said collimator cam position until said detector cell signal intensity is one-half of the maximum signal intensity.

24. A system in accordance with claim 23 wherein to alter said position of said collimator cam, said system configured to determine a distance from the center of said detector array to the center of said detector cell having one-half intensity.

25. A system in accordance with claim 24 wherein said distance from the center of said detector array to the center of said detector cell having one-half intensity is:

Z=width of said detector cell * (number of cells with full intensity from the center of said detector array +1/2).

26. A system in accordance with claim 25 wherein said position of said collimator cam is:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">A=Z*(C/D).