Apparatus and method to determine blood parameters
First Claim
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1. An apparatus for measuring blood parameters through conduit of an extracorporeal circuit, comprising:
- a light source which transmits light at a plurality of wavelengths to the conduit;
a near sensor which senses light at a plurality of wavelengths connected to receive light a first distance from the light source which has been one of reflected and transmitted by the blood, wherein signals generated by the near sensor are indicative of the intensity of the sensed light at a plurality of wavelengths;
a far sensor which senses light at a plurality of wavelengths connected to receive light a second distance from the light source which has been one of reflected and transmitted by the blood, wherein signals generated by the far sensor are indicative of the intensity of light at a plurality of wavelengths; and
an arithmetic circuit connected to receive the signals from the near sensor and the far sensor and wherein the signals are used to calculate a parameter of blood and to generate an output signal indicative thereof.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an apparatus for monitoring blood parameters during cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery or during other procedures which utilize an extracorporeal circuit. The apparatus is typically used to monitor the percentage of hemoglobin bound with oxygen (oxygen saturation), the total amount of hemoglobin in the blood, and the percent of blood which is comprised of red blood cells (hematocrit), although the apparatus can be adapted to measure other blood parameters. The apparatus (or monitor) provides real-time results to show immediate changes (trending) in the monitored parameters.
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Citations
18 Claims
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1. An apparatus for measuring blood parameters through conduit of an extracorporeal circuit, comprising:
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a light source which transmits light at a plurality of wavelengths to the conduit; a near sensor which senses light at a plurality of wavelengths connected to receive light a first distance from the light source which has been one of reflected and transmitted by the blood, wherein signals generated by the near sensor are indicative of the intensity of the sensed light at a plurality of wavelengths; a far sensor which senses light at a plurality of wavelengths connected to receive light a second distance from the light source which has been one of reflected and transmitted by the blood, wherein signals generated by the far sensor are indicative of the intensity of light at a plurality of wavelengths; and an arithmetic circuit connected to receive the signals from the near sensor and the far sensor and wherein the signals are used to calculate a parameter of blood and to generate an output signal indicative thereof. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. An apparatus for measuring blood parameters through conduit of an extracorporeal circuit, comprising:
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means for emitting light at a plurality of wavelengths into blood flowing through the conduit; near means for receiving light reflected from the blood; far means for receiving light reflected from the blood, wherein the far receiving means and near receiving means are connected to receive reflected light at positions which are differentially spaced from the point where light is emitted into the conduit; means for generating signals indicative of the intensity at a plurality of wavelengths of light received at a plurality of wavelengths by the near receiving means and far receiving means; and means for calculating receiving the signals from the signal generating means wherein, the calculating means calculates blood parameters and generates an output signal indicative thereof. - View Dependent Claims (15)
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16. A method for measuring a parameter of blood passing through conduit in an extracorporeal circuit with a blood monitor having a light source, a near sensor and a far sensor, the method comprising:
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directing a plurality of wavelengths from the light source through the conduit into the blood; directing light reflected by the blood through the conduit to the near sensor; directing light reflected by the blood through the conduit to the far sensor; measuring the light reflected by the blood to the near sensor and the far sensor at a plurality of wavelengths; and calculating the blood parameter using the quantity of reflected light detected at a plurality of wavelengths by the near sensor and the far sensor. - View Dependent Claims (17)
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18. A method for measuring blood parameters through a conduit, comprising:
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providing a blood monitor including a near sensor, a far sensor and a light source which are connected by optical fibers to a clamp; mounting the clamp on the conduit in a manner such that terminal ends of the optical fibers are held against the outer surface of the conduit; emitting light at a plurality of wavelengths through the conduit into the blood; receiving light at a plurality of wavelengths reflected by the blood; quantitating the light reflected at the near sensor and the far sensor at a plurality of wavelengths; and calculating a blood parameter from the quantity of reflected light.
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Specification