Method and apparatus for enabling flow control over multiple networks having disparate flow control capability

• US 6,151,300 A
• Filed: 05/09/1997
• Issued: 11/21/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited, Fujitsu Network Communications Incorporated (Fujitsu Limited)
• Inventors: Malis, Andrew G., Nair, Raj Krishnan, Hunt, Douglas H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Chau
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Phuongchau Ba
• Application Number:
  US08/854,231
• Time in Patent Office: 1,292 Days
• Field of Search: 370/235, 370/236, 370/230, 370/231, 370/469
• US Class Current: 370/231
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4608 LAN interconnection over ATM networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/5601 Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/5602 Bandwidth control in ATM Networks, e.g. leaky bucket
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5619 Network Node Interface, e.g. tandem connections, transit switching
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5632 Bandwidth allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5635 Backpressure, e.g. for ABR
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5636 Monitoring or policing, e.g. compliance with allocated rate, corrective actions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5667 IP over ATM
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/16 in connection oriented networks, e.g. frame relay
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/193 at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/32 Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/322 Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols

Abstract

Method and apparatus for extending lower-layer flow control end-to-end, transparent to network host systems, between network hosts attached to legacy networks without requiring any changes to the host networks or hosts themselves. In a first embodiment, a source host and a destination host, each residing on a respective LAN, communicate via an intermediate network supporting the lower-layer flow control. A higher-layer, end-to-end flow control protocol exists between the hosts. The lower-layer flow control protocol accounts for loss of bandwidth between each hop within the intermediate network. To extend the lower-layer flow control protocol to the hosts, an intelligent edge device of the intermediate network adjusts observed higher-layer flow control parameters based upon the state of the lower-layer flow control. No modifications to the legacy network or hosts is required, and the extension of flow control is transparent to the legacy networks.

Claims

1. A method of extending lower layer flow control of an intermediate network to host networks supporting higher layer flow control and interconnected through said intermediate network, said method comprising:

interpreting higher layer flow control information from one of said host networks;

establishing a lower layer flow control status of said intermediate network, said intermediate network supporting a lower layer flow control protocol, and wherein said flow control status of said intermediate network is based on said lower layer flow control protocol;

modifying said higher layer flow control information, at least in part, based on said interpreting of said higher layer flow control information and said lower layer flow control status of said intermediate network; and

forwarding said modified higher layer flow control information to another of said host networks.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said interpreting, establishing, modifying and forwarding are accomplished by a device within said intermediate network.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said interpreting further comprises storing data from said higher layer flow control information in registers within said intermediate network and comparing said stored data against previously stored higher layer flow control data.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said interpreting further comprises receiving said higher layer flow control information at a first edge device of said intermediate network, forwarding said higher layer flow control information between consecutive elements within said intermediate network, and interpreting said higher layer flow control information within a second edge device of said intermediate network.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said establishing further comprises identifying the status of a Quantum Flow Control process within said intermediate network.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said forwarding further comprises calculating a capacity of said intermediate network based upon said higher layer flow control information and said intermediate network flow control status and selectively modifying said higher layer flow control information based upon said calculation prior to forwarding said modified higher layer flow control information.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said forwarding further comprises forwarding unmodified higher layer flow control information.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

generating higher layer flow control information based upon said interpreted higher layer flow control information, said intermediate network lower layer flow control status, and previously modified higher layer flow control information; and

forwarding said generated higher layer flow control information to said another of said host networks.

28. The method of claim 1 wherein said establishing said lower layer flow control status further comprises identifying the status of a hop by hop flow control protocol at a switch attached to said intermediate network.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein said hop by hop flow control protocol is Quantum Flow Control.

30. The method of claim 1, wherein said higher layer flow control is TCP/IP flow control.

31. The method of claim 1, wherein said higher layer flow control is a transport layer flow control.

32. The method of claim 1, wherein said lower layer flow control is a link layer flow control.

52. The method of claim 1, wherein said lower layer flow control is an ATM layer flow control.

9. A method of extending a lower layer flow control protocol from an intermediate network to host networks interfacing to said intermediate network, wherein said intermediate network supports said lower layer flow control protocol and said host networks interfacing to said intermediate network support a transport layer flow control, said method comprising:

receiving a transport layer flow control message at a first element of said intermediate network from one of said host networks;

propagating said received transport layer flow control message through said intermediate network to a second element;

selectively modifying said received transport layer flow control message based upon intermediate network lower layer flow control information; and

forwarding said modified transport layer flow control message to another of said host networks.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein said receiving further comprises receiving, at a first intermediate network edge device, a TCP/IP acknowledgment from a destination host accessible on said one of said host networks.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein said propagating further comprises passing said received flow control message between intermediate network nodes in a direction opposite a respective flow of data between said one and another host networks.

12. The method of claim 9 wherein said propagating further comprises passing said received flow control message from a first element of an intermediate ATM network supporting Quantum Flow Control to other such elements in a direction opposite a respective flow of data through said intermediate ATM network.

13. The method of claim 9 wherein said selectively modifying further comprises:

parsing said received flow control message at a second element of said intermediate network;

comparing said parsed flow control message to a previously parsed and stored flow control message;

identifying a capacity of said intermediate network based upon said intermediate network lower layer flow control information; and

selectively modifying said received flow control message based upon said comparison and said identification.

14. The method of claim 9 wherein said forwarding further comprises transmitting, from a second intermediate network edge device, a selectively modified TCP/IP acknowledge to a source host accessible on said another of said host networks.

33. The method of claim 9 wherein said lower layer flow control information comprises a status of a hop by hop flow control protocol at a switch attached to said intermediate network.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein said hop by hop flow control protocol is Quantum Flow Control.

35. The method of claim 9, wherein said transport layer flow control is TCP/IP flow control.

36. The method of claim 9, wherein said lower layer flow control is a link layer flow control.

53. The method of claim 9, wherein said lower layer flow control is an ATM layer flow control.

15. An internetwork in which intermediate network lower layer flow control is extended between host networks supporting higher layer flow control, comprising:

plural host networks supporting higher layer flow control therebetween; and

at least one intermediate network interconnecting said plural host networks and supporting lower layer flow control, each of said at least one intermediate networks comprising

a first node for receiving higher layer flow control information from a first of said plural host networks,

circuitry for selectively modifying said received higher layer flow control information based on said received higher layer flow control information, previously received higher layer flow control information, and intermediate network lower layer flow control status, and

a second node for forwarding said selectively modified higher layer flow control information to a second of said plural host networks.

16. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein each of said plural host networks supports TCP/IP transport layer flow control as said higher layer flow control.

17. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein said at least one intermediate network is comprised of an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network.

18. The internetwork of claim 17 wherein said lower layer flow control is Quantum Flow Control.

19. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein said first node is a first intermediate network edge device attached to said first host network and adapted to receive higher layer flow control information from said first host network.

20. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein said second node is a second intermediate network edge device attached to said second host network and adapted to transmit said selectively modified higher layer flow control information to said second host network.

21. The internetwork of claim 20 wherein said second intermediate network edge device further comprises said circuitry for selectively modifying said received higher layer flow control information.

22. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein said circuitry for selectively modifying said received higher layer flow control information further comprises:

a parsing unit for parsing data from said received higher layer flow control information;

first storage elements for storing said data from said received higher layer flow control information and data from previously received and parsed higher layer flow control information;

a comparison element for comparing said stored data;

second storage elements for maintaining a flow control status of said intermediate network; and

a flow control information modification assembly for selectively modifying said higher layer flow control information based upon input from said comparison element and contents of said second storage elements.

23. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein said second node is further adapted for forwarding said selectively modified higher layer flow control information to said second of said plural host networks via at least one further intermediate network.

24. The internetwork of claim 15 wherein

said circuitry for selectively modifying said received higher layer flow control information is further adapted for selectively creating generated higher layer flow control information based upon said received higher layer flow control information, previously received higher layer flow control information, and intermediate network lower layer flow control status, and

said second node is further adapted for forwarding said selectively created higher layer flow control information to said second of said plural host networks.

37. The method of claim 15 wherein said intermediate network lower layer flow control status comprises the status of a hop by hop flow control protocol at a switch attached to said intermediate network.

38. The method of claim 15, wherein said intermediate network lower layer flow control is a hop by hop flow control protocol.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein said hop by hop flow control protocol is Quantum Flow Control.

40. The method of claim 15, wherein said higher layer flow control is TCP/IP flow control.

41. The method of claim 15, wherein said higher layer flow control is a transport layer flow control.

42. The method of claim 15, wherein said intermediate network flow control is a link layer flow control.

54. The method of claim 15, wherein said intermediate network flow control is an ATM layer flow control.

25. A network device operable to interface a first network, supporting a lower layer flow control protocol, to at least one second network, supporting a higher layer flow control protocol, said device comprising:

buffers for storing

higher layer flow control information originated by at least one device in said second network, and

lower layer flow control status associated with said first network responsive to said lower layer flow control protocol;

circuitry for analyzing said stored higher layer flow control information, for analyzing said lower layer flow control status, and for selectively modifying said higher layer flow control information based upon said analyses; and

a forwarding element for forwarding said selectively modified higher layer flow control information to said second network.

26. The device of claim 25 further comprising at least one network interface module for receiving said higher layer flow control information, said network interface module comprising said forwarding element.

27. The device of claim 25, further comprising plural network interface modules, a first subset of which for receiving said higher layer flow control information as distributed flow control information from said first network, and at least one of said modules partially comprising said forwarding element.

43. The device of claim 25, wherein said higher layer flow control protocol is TCP/IP.

44. The device of claim 25, wherein said higher layer flow control protocol is a transport layer flow control protocol.

45. The device of claim 25, wherein said lower layer flow control protocol is a link layer flow control protocol.

55. The device of claim 25, wherein said lower layer flow control protocol is an ATM layer flow control protocol.

46. A network device operable to interface a first network supporting a first flow control protocol to at least one second network supporting a transport layer flow control protocol, said device comprising:

buffers for storing

transport layer flow control information originated by at least one device in said second network, and

first flow control protocol status associated with said first network responsive to said first flow control protocol;

circuitry for analyzing said stored transport layer flow control information, for analyzing said first flow control protocol status, and for selectively modifying said transport layer flow control information based upon said analyses; and

a forwarding element for forwarding said selectively modified transport layer flow control information to said at least one second network.

47. The device of claim 46, wherein said transport layer flow control protocol is TCP/IP.

48. The device of claim 46, wherein said first flow control protocol is a link layer flow control protocol.

56. The device of claim 46, wherein said first flow control protocol is an ATM layer flow control protocol.

49. A network device operable to interface a first network supporting a first flow control protocol to at least one second network supporting a second flow control protocol, said device comprising:

buffers for storing

second flow control protocol information originated by at least one device in said second network, and

first flow control protocol status associated with said first network responsive to said first flow control protocol;

circuitry for analyzing said stored second flow control protocol information, for analyzing said first flow control protocol status, and for selectively modifying said second flow control protocol information based upon said analyses; and

a forwarding element for forwarding said selectively modified second flow control protocol information to said at least one second network.

50. The device of claim 49, wherein said second flow control protocol is TCP/IP.

51. The device of claim 49, wherein said first flow control protocol is a link layer flow control protocol.

57. The device of claim 49, wherein said first flow control protocol is an ATM layer flow control protocol.