Connectionless message service using ATM routers

• US 6,151,319 A
• Filed: 12/19/1996
• Issued: 11/21/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 11/15/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Dommety, Gopal, Pancha, Pramod, Veeraraghavan, Malathi
• Primary Examiner(s): VU, HUY DUY
• Application Number:
  US08/769,962
• Time in Patent Office: 1,433 Days
• Field of Search: 370/401, 370/352, 370/395, 370/396, 370/397, 370/398, 370/399, 370/389, 370/466, 370/467, 370/473, 370/474, 370/475, 370/353, 455/403
• US Class Current: 370/395.52
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4608 LAN interconnection over ATM networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5645 Connectionless
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0478 Provisions for broadband connections

Abstract

A facility is provided in which an ATM switch may operate as a switch in the provision of connection oriented services and operates as a router in the provision of connectionless services. In the router mode, the ATM switch may determine "on the fly" a route which may be used to forward received data cells to an intended destination and then forwards each of the data cells in sequence over the determined route. In the switch mode, the ATM switch operates conventionally and forwards a received data cell over a previously defined switched virtual path. In certain cases, the ATM switch may operate as a router only.

Claims

1. A method of operating an Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) switch comprising the steps of

responsive to receiving a first data cell associated with connection oriented services, forwarding the cell to its intended destination via a switched virtual circuit previously established for the cell, and

responsive to receiving, over a channel associated with connectionless services, a second data cell containing a predetermined virtual channel identifier common to connectionless service, performing a router function to determine a route from the ATM switch to the intended destination of the second data cell and forwarding the second data cell over a portion of the determined route.

2. The method set forth in claim 1 further comprising the steps of

accumulating a series of received cells bearing said common identifier and addressed to said destination to form a datagram,

inserting said determined route in said datagram and segmenting said datagram into a sequence of data cells each containing a header, and

forwarding, in turn, each of said sequence of data cells over the determined route to a next ATM switch.

3. The method set forth in claim 1 further comprising the steps of

provisioning a database containing information characterizing the topology of an associated ATM network, and

using such information to determine said route.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said topology information identifies each ATM switch forming said network, links interconnecting one ATM switch with another ATM switch and a level of congestion at an ATM switch.

5. An Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) router comprising

apparatus, responsive to receiving a data packet from a source, for segmenting said data packet into ATM data cells and appending a header to each such data cell, and

apparatus, responsive to said packet containing a first identifier indicative of connectionless service, for determining a route which may be used to forward each of the data cells to an intended destination and forwarding each of the data cells in sequence over the determined route, and responsive to an absence of said first identifier, forwarding each of the data cells in sequence over a previously defined switched virtual circuit.

6. The ATM router set forth in claim 5 further comprising

a database containing information characterizing the topology of an associated ATM network, and wherein said apparatus for determining said route uses such information to determine said route.

7. The ATM router of claim 6 wherein said topology information identifies each ATM switch forming said network, links interconnecting one ATM switch with another ATM switch and a level of congestion at an ATM switch.

8. The ATM router of claim 5 further comprising

apparatus for appending said determined route to said packet before it is segmented into said sequence of ATM cells, and wherein a next ATM switch receiving said sequence of ATM cells reconstructs said data packet to identify said determined route and then forwards said data packet as a sequence of data cells over the identified route.

9. The ATM router of claim 5 further comprising

apparatus for appending said determined route to said packet before it is segmented into said sequence of ATM cells, and wherein a next ATM switch receiving said sequence of ATM cells reconstructs said data packet from the received sequence of ATM cells to obtain said route from said next ATM switch to the intended destination, segments the reconstructed data packet into a next sequence of ATM cells and forwards the next sequence of ATM cells in turn over the obtained rout.

10. An Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) router comprising

apparatus, responsive to receiving a first data cell associated with connection oriented service, for forwarding the cell to its intended destination via a switched virtual circuit previously established for the cell, and, responsive to receiving a first one of a series of data cells containing a virtual path identifier common to connectionless service, for storing said first data cell in a buffer,

apparatus, responsive to receipt of a last one of said series of data cells containing said common identifier and addressed to the same destination, for forming the series of data cells into a data packet, for determining a route that may be used to forward the data packet to its intended destination, and for appending the determined route to said data packet, and

apparatus, responsive to the formation of the said data packet, for the data packet into a sequence of data cells each having a header containing said common virtual path identifier and forwarding the sequence of data cells in turn to the intended destination over the determined route.

11. An Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) router comprising

apparatus, responsive to receiving a data cell associated with connectionless service, for storing said data cell in a buffer associated with a destination identified in the received data cell,

apparatus, responsive to receipt of a last one of a series of such data cells addressed to the same destination, for storing each of the cells in said buffer and forming a data packet from the stored series of data cells, for determining a route that may be used to forward the formed data packet to its intended destination, and for appending the determined route to the formed packet, and

apparatus, responsive to the formation of the said packet, for segmenting the formed data packet into a sequence of data cells, associating each such data cell with connectionless service, and forwarding the sequence of data cells in turn to the intended destination over the determined route.

12. An Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) router comprising

an accumulator for accumulating a series of received cells each bearing a common identifier and addressed to the same destination,

a processor for forming a datagram from the accumulated series of received cells, for inserting a determined route in said datagram and for segmenting said datagram into a sequence of data cells each containing a header, and

forwarding, in turn, each of said segmented data cells over the determined route to a next ATM switch.

13. A router for interfacing a packet constructed in accordance with the Internet Protocol (IP) with an Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) network comprising

apparatus, responsive to receipt of an IP packet, for converting an IP destination address contained in the IP packet into an ATM network-service-access-point (NSAP) address, and

apparatus for determining a route that may be used to forward the packet to a destination associated with the ATM NSAP address, for assembling at least a payload portion of the packet and the ATM NSAP address into a series of ATM data cells, for associating each of the series of data cells with ATM connectionless service and for forwarding in turn the series of ATM series to the destination over the determined route.

14. The router of claim 13 wherein said determined route is appended to the payload portion before the payload portion and NSAP address are so assembled.

15. A host switch for interfacing a packet constructed in accordance with the Internet Protocol (IP) with an Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) network comprising

apparatus, responsive to receipt of an IP packet containing a domain name associated with a destination point, for converting the domain name into an ATM network-service-access-point (NSAP) address, and

apparatus for assembling at least a payload portion of the packet and the NSAP address into a series of ATM data cells, for associating each of the series of data cells with ATM connectionless service and for forwarding in turn the series of ATM data cells to the destination point over the determined route.

16. A method of processing a third-party call set up request in an Asynchronous Transport Mode (ATM) switch comprising the steps of

responsive to receiving a request for a third-party connection, forming the request into a series of data cells each containing a virtual path/channel identifier common to connectionless service, and

responsive to each such data cell, identifying a route that may be used to forward each of the data cells to an end point of the requested connection and forwarding the data cell to that end point.

17. Apparatus including a home location register for tracking a plurality of mobile stations comprising

a processor communicating with an ATM switch, and

a set of proxy processes running on said processor and associated with respective ones of the mobile stations for tracking the locations of said mobile stations, each of said proxy processes being identified by an ATM network service access point address assigned to a respective one of the mobile stations.

18. A method of tracking a plurality of mobile stations using a home location register comprising the steps of

arranging a processor so that it communicates with an ATM switch, and

running a set or proxy processes on said processor, said proxy processes being associated with respective ones of the mobile stations to track the locations of said mobile stations, each of said proxy processes being identified by an ATM network service access point address assigned to a respective one of the mobile stations.

19. The method of claim 18 further comprising the steps of

forming a message requesting the location of one of the mobile stations,

inserting a destination address of said one mobile station in said message, and forwarding the message as a plurality of data cells to an ATM router,

responsive to each such data cell, identifying a route that may be used to forward the data cell to the destination address and forwarding the data cell to that destination, and

at said destination, determining the location of said one mobile by accessing the proxy process associated with that mobile and returning the determined location to the source of said message.