Method and apparatus for controlling a brushless DC motor that indicates a motor failure

• US 6,153,993 A
• Filed: 04/14/1997
• Issued: 11/28/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Oomura, Naoki, Ikawa, Shingo, Hiruma, Atsuyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): SALATA, ANTHONY J
• Application Number:
  US08/834,136
• Time in Patent Office: 1,324 Days
• Field of Search: 318/254, 318/439, 318/138, 318/434, 361/23-31, 62/126
• US Class Current: 318/434
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/343 in operation
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/0833 for electric motors with control arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 6/12 Monitoring commutation; Providing indication of commutation failure
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 6/34 Modelling or simulation for control purposes

Abstract

A method and apparatus for controlling a brushless DC motor which has a permanent magnet rotor and a 3-phase stator winding for applying a rotating magnetic field to the permanent magnet rotor. A specified reference voltage is compared with the stator winding terminal voltages for each phase. The rotor position is detected from the output of these comparison circuits based on the induced voltages generated in the stator windings which are not conducting when the motor is rotated. The stator windings which conduct current are controlled in response. Furthermore, a specific conduction pattern is supplied to each stator winding when the rotor is stopped, and a reference output determined for the conduction pattern is compared with the output of the comparison circuits when the stator windings are conducting. Abnormalities are detected based on the comparison results of the comparison circuit.

Claims

1. A control apparatus for a brushless DC motor which has a permanent magnet rotor and a 3-phase stator winding for applying a rotating magnetic field to the permanent magnet rotor, the apparatus comprising:

a plurality of switching devices configured to selectively provide current patterns to the phases of the stator winding;

a plurality of comparison circuits, one provided for each of the phases of the stator winding, to compare a specified reference voltage with terminal voltages of the stator winding and to output specific response patterns in response to the current patterns;

a position detection circuit configured to detect a rotor position based on the outputs of the comparison circuits; and

an abnormality detection circuit configured to detect abnormalities in the DC motor by comparing a particular specific response pattern output from the comparison circuits when the comparison circuits are coupled to conducting phases of the stator winding to a particular normal response pattern of the comparison circuits when the comparison circuits are coupled to the conducting phases of the stator winding,

wherein a difference between the particular specific response pattern and the particular normal response pattern indicates a type of abnormality in the DC motor.

2. A control apparatus according to claim 1, further including an indication circuit for indicating the abnormality, when the abnormality detection circuit has detected an abnormality.

3. A control apparatus according to claim 1, further including:

a current detection circuit which detects the current flowing in the motor; and

a conduction prohibition circuit which prohibits conduction of current to the stator windings after the current detection circuit has detected an over-current during conduction to the windings by the conduction circuit.

4. A control apparatus according to claim 3, further including an indication circuit which indicates an over-current abnormality when the current detection circuit has detected an over-current during conduction to the windings by the conduction circuit.

5. A control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reference voltage is a voltage approximately intermediate between the DC voltage inputs to the brushless DC motor.

6. A control apparatus according to claim 1, further including a fan which is rotated by the brushless DC motor.

7. A control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the specified reference voltage is a neutral point potential of the 3-phase stator winding.

8. A method for controlling a brushless DC motor having a permanent magnet rotor, a 3-phase stator winding for applying a rotating magnetic field to the permanent magnet rotor, a comparison circuit for each of the phases of the stator winding for comparing a specified reference voltage with stator winding terminal voltages and for outputting specific response patterns, and a position detection circuit for detecting a rotor position based on the outputs of the comparison circuits, the method comprising:

receiving a particular specific response pattern output from the comparison circuits when the comparison circuits are coupled to conducting phases of the stator winding;

comparing the particular specific response pattern output from the comparison circuits to a particular normal response pattern of the comparison circuits when the comparison circuits are coupled to the conducting phases of the stator winding; and

detecting abnormalities based on a difference between the particular specific response pattern and the particular normal response pattern.

9. A method for controlling a brushless DC motor having a permanent magnet rotor, a 3-phase stator winding for applying a rotating magnetic field to the permanent magnet rotor, a plurality of switching means for selectively providing current patterns to each phase of the stator winding, a comparison circuit for each of the phases of the stator winding for comparing a specified reference voltage with stator winding terminal voltages, and a position detection circuit for detecting a rotor position based on the outputs of the comparison circuits, the method comprising:

storing normal response patterns of the comparison circuits;

generating specific response patterns in response to the current patterns provided by the plurality of switching means; and

detecting abnormalities by comparing the specific response patterns output from the comparison circuits when the comparison circuits are coupled to conducting phases of the stator winding to the normal response patterns of the comparison circuits the comparison circuits are coupled to the conducting phases of the stator winding, wherein a difference between a particular specific response pattern and a particular normal response pattern indicates a type of abnormality in the DC motor.