Method and apparatus for continuous cross-channel interleaving

• US 6,154,452 A
• Filed: 05/26/1999
• Issued: 11/28/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sirius XM Radio Inc. (Liberty Media Corporation)
• Original Assignee: XM Satellite Radio Incorporated (Liberty Media Corporation)
• Inventors: Titlebaum, Joseph M., Wadin, Craig P., Marko, Paul D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kizou, Hassan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pezzlo, John
• Application Number:
  US09/318,938
• Time in Patent Office: 552 Days
• Field of Search: 370/206, 370/312, 370/204, 370/321, 370/347, 714/702, 714/762, 375/299, 375/295, 375/347, 375/130, 375/260, 375/262, 455/13.1, 455/10, 455/344
• US Class Current: 370/321
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0041 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0057 Block codes H04L1/0061, H04L1/0064 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0059 Convolutional codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0065 Serial concatenated codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0071 Use of interleaving interleaving per se H03M13/27
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/08 by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system H04L1/1858 and H04L1/189 take precedence

Abstract

A method of interleaving data for transmission is provided wherein first and second interleaving patterns for arranging data symbols in a source data stream into first and second transmitted data streams are selected. Each of said data symbols has at least one bit. The first and second transmitted data streams are transmitted substantially simultaneously on separate transmission channels to at least one receiver. The first and second patterns are used to transmit the data symbols in the source data stream in a different order on the respective transmission channels to maximize recovery of the source data stream when the transmission channels are blocked. The selected interleaving patterns can involve reordering the data symbols throughout the first and second transmitted data streams using different reordering criteria. The reordering criteria can vary on a frame-by-frame basis if the source data stream is time division multiplexed. Complementary data can be sent on respective transmission channels.

Claims

1. A method of interleaving data for transmission comprising the steps of:

selecting a first interleaving pattern for arranging data symbols in a source data stream into a first transmitted data stream, each of said data symbols comprising at least one bit;

selecting a second interleaving pattern for arranging said data symbols in said source data stream into a second transmitted data stream; and

transmitting said first transmitted data stream and said second transmitted data stream substantially simultaneously on separate transmission channels to at least one receiver, said first interleaving pattern and said second interleaving pattern being selected to transmit said data symbols in said source data stream in a different order on respective said transmission channels to maximize recovery of said source data stream from at least one of either of said first transmitted data stream and said second transmitted data stream when either of said transmission channels is blocked.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said transmitting step comprises the step of transmitting said first transmitted data stream and said second transmitted data stream substantially simultaneously on separate radio frequency channels.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said transmitting step comprises the step of transmitting said first transmitted data stream and said second transmitted data stream substantially simultaneously from first and second satellites, respectively, said satellites being substantially geostationary and at different orbital positions.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step for selecting a first pattern comprises the steps of:

dividing said data symbols in said first transmitted data stream into a first plurality of data symbols and a second plurality of data symbols; and

interspersing respective ones of said first plurality of data symbols among said second plurality of data symbols throughout said first transmitted data stream.

5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said step for selecting a second pattern comprises the steps of:

dividing said data symbols in said second transmitted data stream into a third plurality of data symbols and a fourth plurality of data symbols; and

interspersing respective ones of said third plurality of data symbols among said fourth plurality of data symbols throughout said second transmitted data stream.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data symbols are arranged in said source data stream in accordance with time division multiplexed frames, each of said frames comprising a selected number of consecutive said data symbols, said step for selecting a first pattern comprising the steps of:

dividing said frames in said first transmitted data stream into a first plurality of frames and a second plurality of frames; and

interspersing respective ones of said first plurality of frames among said second plurality of frames throughout said first transmitted data stream.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data symbols are arranged in said source data stream in accordance with time division multiplexed frames, each of said frames comprising a selected number of consecutive said data symbols, said step for selecting a first pattern comprising the steps of:

dividing each of said frames in said first transmitted data stream into a plurality of sub-frames, each of said plurality of sub-frames comprising a selected number of said data symbols; and

interspersing respective selected ones of said plurality of sub-frames among the other ones of said plurality of sub-frames throughout said first transmitted data stream.

8. A method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said interspersing step comprises interspersing said selected ones of said sub-frames by a predetermined number of said sub-frames which changes in at least one of said frames in said source data stream.

9. A method of interleaving data for transmission comprising the steps of:

dividing a source data stream into at least a first complementary data group and a second complementary data group, said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group being operable to recreate said source data stream when combined;

transmitting said first complementary data group as first transmitted data stream and transmitting said second complementary data group as a said second transmitted data stream substantially simultaneously on separate transmission channels to at least one receiver, said at least one receiver being operable to recombine said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group to recover said source data stream for output, and to output at least one of said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group when the other one of said transmission channels is blocked.

10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said transmitting step comprises the step of transmitting said first transmitted data stream and said second transmitted data stream substantially simultaneously on separate radio frequency channels.

11. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said transmitting step comprises the step of transmitting said first transmitted data stream and said second transmitted data stream substantially simultaneously from first and second satellites, respectively, said satellites being substantially geostationary and at different orbital positions.

12. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group comprise left and right stereo signals, respectively, from said source data stream.

13. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said source data stream is divided into frames of a predetermined length of data symbols, each of said data symbols comprising at least one bit, each of said frames being divided into a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame, said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group comprising said first sub-frame and said second sub-frame, respectively, from said source data stream.

14. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said source data stream is divided into a plurality of frequency components, said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group comprising different ones of said plurality of frequency components.

15. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said source data stream comprises data symbols, each of said data symbols comprising at least one bit, said data symbols corresponding to at least one of said first complementary data group and said second complementary data group being interleaved.

16. A propagated signal embodied in a carrier wave comprising a source data stream having a series of data symbols, each of said data symbols comprising at least one bit, said propagated signal being transmitted substantially simultaneously with a second propagated signal on a separate carrier wave, said second propagated signal comprising said data symbols arranged in accordance with a first interleaving pattern, said data symbols in said propagated signal being arranged in accordance with a second interleaving pattern, said second interleaving pattern being selected to transmit said data symbols in said propagated signal in a different order than in said second propagated signal to maximize recovery of said source data stream when either of said carrier wave and said separate carrier wave is blocked.

17. A propagated signal as claimed in claim 16, wherein said second interleaving pattern divides said data symbols into a first group of said data symbols and a second group of said data symbols and intersperses said data symbols in said first group among said data symbols of said second group throughout said propagated signal.