Method and apparatus for providing sound in a spatial environment

• US 6,154,549 A
• Filed: 05/02/1997
• Issued: 11/28/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/18/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Extreme Audio Reality Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Extreme Audio Reality Incorporated
• Inventors: Bates, Daniel, Arnold, Glenn
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Abebe, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US08/851,103
• Time in Patent Office: 1,306 Days
• Field of Search: 84/723, 84/741, 381/59, 381/77, 381/104, 704/206
• US Class Current: 381/104
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/2537 Optical discs
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 2400/11 Positioning of individual sound objects, e.g. moving airplane, within a sound field H04S2420/13 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 3/00 Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic H04S5/00, H04S7/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 7/301 Automatic calibration of stereophonic sound system, e.g. with test microphone
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 7/302 Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation H04S7/301 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04S 7/40 Visual indication of stereophonic sound image

Abstract

A method and apparatus for providing sound in a spatial environment is provided. Control is provided over the perceived position of sound sources, including perceived positions behind the listener or listeners. The invention is effective for multiple simultaneous listeners distributed throughout the spatial environment. The invention provides techniques for real-time interaction with graphic images, computer game controls, or other computer-based events. The invention provides control over the relative amplitude of signals provided to each of a plurality of spatially diverse transducers. By controlling the relative amplitudes of signals applied to each of the transducers, the present invention provides control over the perceived position of sound sources in a spatial environment with respect to one or more listeners. Attenuation parameters may be stored in a table, indexed by the spatial region to which they apply, and used to adjust the relative amplitude of each of the transducers used to produce a sound.

Claims

1. A method for producing sound in a spatial environment comprising the steps of:

defining said spatial environment to include a plurality of spatial regions;

generating a table comprising adjustment parameters indexed to said plurality of spatial regions;

specifying a spatial region from among said plurality of spatial regions;

obtaining adjustment parameters corresponding to said spatial region from said table;

adjusting relative amplitudes of a plurality of signals representative of said sound according to said adjustment parameters;

applying said plurality of signals to a plurality of spatially diverse transducers.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising steps of:

specifying a second spatial region from among said plurality of spatial regions;

obtaining second adjustment parameters corresponding to said second spatial region;

adjusting second relative amplitudes of a plurality of second signals representative of a second sound according to said second adjustment parameters;

applying said plurality of second signals to said plurality of spatially diverse transducers.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said step of generating said table comprising said adjustment parameters indexed to said plurality of spatial regions comprises a step of:

generating a plurality of tables comprising adjustment parameters indexed to said plurality of spatial regions.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of generating said table comprising said adjustment parameters indexed to said plurality of spatial regions comprises a step of:

providing said adjustment parameters for each of said plurality of spatially diverse transducers for each of said plurality of spatial regions.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said step of specifying a spatial region from among said plurality of spatial regions comprises a step of:

receiving an input signal based on user actions.

6. The method of claim 1 including the step of adjusting relative amplitudes of a plurality of signals representative of said sound according to said adjustment parameters corresponding to more than two transducers.

7. The method of claim 1 including the step of defining said spatial environment to include a plurality of spatial regions in three-dimensional space and generating a table comprising adjustment parameters indexed to said plurality of spatial regions in said three-dimensional space.

8. The method of claim 1 including the step of applying said plurality of signals to more than two spatially diverse transducers.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein said plurality of signals are applied to three-dimensionally spatially diverse transducers.

10. The method of claim 1 including the step of adjusting relative amplitudes of at least six signals representative of said sound according to said adjustment parameters.

11. The method of claim 10 including the step of applying at least one of said signals to a low frequency sound reproducing transducer, applying at least one of said signals to a center channel sound reproducing transducer, applying at least one of said signals to a left signal sound reproducing transducer, and applying at least one of said signals to a right signal sound reproducing transducer.

12. An article of manufacture comprising:

a computer usable medium having computer readable program code embodied therein for causing a sound to be sensible as originating from a sound source located in a spatial region of a spatial environment, said computer readable program code in said article of manufacture comprising;

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to generate a table comprising adjustment parameters indexed to a plurality of spatial regions in said spatial environment;

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to obtain adjustment parameters corresponding to said spatial region from said table; and

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to adjust relative amplitudes of a plurality of signals representative of said sound according to said adjustment parameters.

13. Said article of manufacture according to claim 12 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to apply said plurality of signals to a plurality of spatially diverse transducers.

14. Said article of manufacture according to claim 13 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to specify a spatial region from among said plurality of spatial regions.

15. Said article of manufacture according to claim 13 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to calculate a spatial region from among said plurality of spatial regions based on a set of coordinates representative of a location within said spatial region.

16. Said article of manufacture according to claim 13 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to specify a spatial region from among said plurality of spatial regions based on an input signal received in response to a user action.

17. Said article of manufacture according to claim 13 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to maintain a known correspondence between said adjustment parameters and said plurality of spatially diverse transducers.

18. Said article of manufacture according to claim 13 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to obtain second adjustment parameters corresponding to a second spatial region from said table; and

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to adjust second relative amplitudes of a plurality of second signals representative of a second sound according to said second adjustment parameters.

19. Said article of manufacture according to claim 13 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured to cause said computer to generate a second table comprising said second adjustment parameters indexed to a plurality of second spatial regions in said spatial environment.

20. The article of manufacture of claim 12 wherein said computer readable code is configured to cause said computer to adjust relative amplitudes of more than two signals representative of said sound according to said adjustment parameters.

21. The article of manufacture of claim 12 wherein said computer readable program code is configured to cause said computer to generate a table comprising adjustment parameters indexed to a plurality of spatial regions in three-dimensional space.

22. A system for producing a sound in a spatial environment comprising:

more than two transducers for producing said sound;

a table containing parameters, said parameters for controlling the relative amplitudes of each of said transducers;

wherein said table is indexed according to a spatial region defined within said spatial environment; and

a gain control coupled to said transducers for adjusting the relative amplitudes of signals provided to said more than two transducers based on said parameters, such that amplitude of said sound produced at each of said more than two transducers is determined by a parameter associated with said each transducer.

23. The system of claim 22 wherein said parameters comprise adjustment values for said signals for each of said transducers.

24. The system of claim 23 wherein a total power of said signals provided to said transducers does not vary as a function of a location of said spatial region within said spatial environment.

25. The system of claim 23 wherein a total power of said signals provided to said transducers generally increases as a proximity of said spatial region to a central region of said spatial environment generally increases.

26. The system of claim 23 wherein a total power of said signals provided to said transducers generally decreases as a proximity of said spatial region to a central region of said spatial environment generally increases.

27. The system of claim 23 herein said spatial region is selected from a plurality of defined spatial regions in response to an input signal responsive to user action.

28. The system of claim 23 wherein a plurality of sounds are produced simultaneously using different of said parameters.

29. The system of claim 28 wherein a plurality of tables are used to produce said plurality of sounds.

30. The system of claim 22 wherein there are at least four transducers.

31. The system of claim 30 wherein there are six transducers, at least one of said transducers arranged to generate center channel sound and at least one of said transducers arranged to generate primarily only a low frequency sound signal.

32. The system of claim 22 wherein said parameters comprise amplitude adjustment values for said signals for each of said transducers based on a position of said transducers in three-dimensional space.

33. The system of claim 32 wherein said more than two transducers are positioned in other than a single horizontal plane.

34. A method for producing a sound in a spatial environment comprising steps of:

generating a signal representative of said sound;

generating an amplitude-adjusted signal for each of more than two transducers according to a region within said spatial environment from which said sound is to be perceived as originating;

applying said amplitude-adjusted signals to said transducers, such that amplitude of said sound produced at each of said more than two transducers is determined by said amplitude adjusted signal associated with said each transducer; and

providing a table comprising a plurality of adjustment parameters for use in said step of adjusting said amplitude by indexing said table according to a plurality of regions within said spatial environment.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein said step of providing a table comprises a step of:

organizing said plurality of adjustment parameters so as to exhibit a known correspondence with said plurality of transducers.

36. The method of claim 35 further comprising a step of:

calculating said region based on a set of coordinates representative of a location within said region.

37. The method of claim 36 further comprising steps of:

generating a second signal representative of a second sound;

adjusting a second amplitude of said second signal for each of said plurality of transducers according to a second region within said spatial environment from which said second sound is to be perceived as originating.

38. The method of claim 34 wherein said step of adjusting said amplitude of said signal comprises a step of:

adjusting said amplitude of said signal based on an input signal received in response to a user action.

39. The method of claim 34 wherein said step of adjusting said amplitude of said signal comprises a step of:

adjusting said amplitude of said signal for each of said plurality of transducers such that a total power applied to said plurality of transducers is independent of said region within said spatial environment.

40. The method of claim 34 wherein said step of adjusting said amplitude of said signal comprises a step of:

adjusting said amplitude of said signal for each of said plurality of transducers such that a total power applied to said plurality of transducers is greater as a proximity of said region to a central region is closer.

41. The method of claim 34 wherein said step of adjusting said amplitude of said signal comprises a step of:

adjusting said amplitude of said signal for each of said plurality of transducers such that a total power applied to said plurality of transducers is lesser as a proximity of said region to a central region is closer.

42. The method of claim 34 including the step of generating an amplitude-adjusted signal for each of at least four transducers.

43. The method of claim 34 including the step of generating an amplitude-adjusted signal for application to a left-front transducer, a left-rear transducer, a right-front transducer, a right-rear transducer, a center transducer and a sub-woofer type transducer.

44. The method of claim 34 wherein said amplitude-adjusted signal is generated according to a region with a three-dimensional spatial environment.