Optical membrane films for polycation detection
First Claim
1. A membrane film for optical sensing of a molecular species comprising:
- a lipophilic ester of a compound having a formula;
##STR3## where X1 is selected from the group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X2 is selected from the group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X4 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom and at least one of X1, X2, X3 and X4 is a hydrogen atom, and where R1 is selected from the group consisting of;
an alkyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, and a haloalkenyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms wherein in response to the polycation said ester exhibits an optical response; and
an optically inert polymer in which said ester is mixed.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Lipophilic fluorescein-based molecules have been synthesized and incorporated into thin plasticized polymeric membrane films as chromoionophores for the optical sensing and detection of polycationic protamine. The membrane response is based on the extraction of protamine into the film due to the interaction between the anionic fluorescein and the protamine polycation which results in a cation exchange between the protamine and proton, and thus, induces an absorbance spectra change of the polymeric film. The response speed is controlled by protamine diffusion through the stagnant diffusion layer adjacent to the film surface as well as within the bulk of the polymer film. When limited exposure time and non-stirring detection modes are used in a buffer solution, absorbance of a film changes as a function of the protamine concentration in the range of about 2 to 60 μg/ml (0.44 to 13.3 μM). The sensing film shows good selectivity over most common small cations, it can be used in the determination of protamine in diluted serum or whole blood. No response is observed when a protamine complexing reagent such as heparin is present, thus the instant invention is useful as an indicator for the protamine-heparin titration.
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Citations
26 Claims
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1. A membrane film for optical sensing of a molecular species comprising:
- a lipophilic ester of a compound having a formula;
##STR3## where X1 is selected from the group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X2 is selected from the group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X4 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom and at least one of X1, X2, X3 and X4 is a hydrogen atom, and where R1 is selected from the group consisting of;
an alkyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms, and a haloalkenyl having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms wherein in response to the polycation said ester exhibits an optical response; andan optically inert polymer in which said ester is mixed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
- a lipophilic ester of a compound having a formula;
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14. A membrane film for optical sensing of a molecular species comprising:
- a lipophilic molecule having the formula;
##STR4## where X1 is selected from the group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, where X2 is selected from a group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom, and at least one of X1 and X2 is a hydrogen atom, where R1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms and a haloalkenyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, where R2 is selected from the group consisting of;
a hydrogen atom, an alkyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms and a haloalkenyl having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein in response to the polycation said molecule exhibits an optical response; andan optically inert polymer in which said molecule is mixed. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
- a lipophilic molecule having the formula;
Specification