Sub-harmonic detection and control system

• US 6,157,552 A
• Filed: 12/20/1999
• Issued: 12/05/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Miske, Stanley A. Jr., Kern, John Michael, Sahm, William Herbert III
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley, Shawn
• Assistant Examiner(s): Patel, Rajnikant B.
• Application Number:
  US09/466,827
• Time in Patent Office: 351 Days
• Field of Search: 363/39, 363/40, 363/37, 363/73, 363/77, 363/60, 363/61, 363/62, 363/98, 323/248, 323/348, 323/233, 324/520, 324/107, 307/46, 307/105, 307/66, 327/17, 327/107, 327/172, 361/85, 361/89, 340/635, 340/640
• US Class Current: 363/39
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 23/20 Measurement of non-linear distortion
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00125 Transmission line or load transient problems, e.g. overvoltage, resonance or self-excitation of inductive loads H02J3/01 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/1807 using series compensators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/30 Reactive power compensation

Abstract

A distribution series capacitor control system is provided with a sub-harmonic detection module connected to an input signal and operable to detect the presence of at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content in the input signal. A logical signal processor is electrically connected to the sub-harmonic detection module, and operates to independently determine the existence of self-excitation during induction motor starting and ferroresonant phenomena based upon the at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content, respectively. A system controller is electrically connected to the logical signal processor and operates to eliminate effects of self-excitation during induction motor starting and ferroresonant phenomena on the system.

Claims

1. A sub-harmonic detection and control system comprising:

a sub-harmonic detection module connected to an input signal, said sub-harmonic detection module operable to detect a presence of at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content in the input signal,

a logical signal processor electrically connected to the sub-harmonic detection module, said logical signal processor operable to independently determine at least two distinct types of adverse phenomena associated with said at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content, respectively, wherein said logical signal processor generates at least two output signals representative of said determinations, and

a system controller electrically connected to the logical signal processor, said system controller responsive to said at least two output signals to eliminate effects of said two distinct types of adverse phenomena.

2. The sub-harmonic detection and control system of claim 1, wherein:

said at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content include a first sub-harmonic content having a voltage greater than a first threshold voltage and a second sub-harmonic content having a voltage greater than a second threshold voltage.

3. The sub-harmonic detection and control system of claim 2, wherein:

said two distinct types of adverse phenomena include a self-excitation phenomenon associated with said first sub-harmonic content and a ferroresonance phenomenon associated with said second sub-harmonic content.

4. The sub-harmonic detection and control system of claim 3, wherein:

said at least two output signals include a first output signal representative of a self-excitation phenomenon determination and a second output signal representative of a ferroresonance phenomenon determination,

said controller, in response to said first output signal, eliminates said self-excitation phenomenon, and

said controller, in response to said second output signal, eliminates said ferroresonance phenomenon.

5. The sub-harmonic detection and control system of claim 1, wherein said sub-harmonic module includes:

a filter electrically connected to the input signal, said filter being operable to isolate said at least one type of sub-harmonic content of the input signal,

a first comparator electrically connected to the filter, said first comparator generating a first output signal when a voltage of the sub-harmonic content exceeds a first threshold voltage,

a second comparator electrically connected to the filter, said second comparator generating a second output signal when the voltage of the sub-harmonic component exceeds a second threshold voltage, and

first and second outputs electrically connected to the first and second comparators, respectively.

6. The sub-harmonic detection and control system of claim 5, wherein:

said first threshold voltage is lower than said second threshold voltage.

7. A sub-harmonic detection and control system for use with an electrical distribution system having a bank of series-connected capacitors, comprising:

a sub-harmonic detection module including at least one input that receives an input signal, at least one filter electrically connected to the at least one input that isolates a sub-harmonic component of the input signal, a first comparator electrically connected to the at least one filter for generating a first output signal when a voltage of the sub-harmonic component exceeds a first threshold value, a second comparator electrically connected to the at least one filter for generating a second output signal when the voltage of the sub-harmonic component exceeds a second threshold value, and first and second outputs electrically connected to the first and second comparators, respectively,

a logical signal processor electrically connected to said first and second outputs, said logical signal processor receives said first and second output signals, wherein said logical signal processor, upon receipt of said first output signal, acts to determine a presence of a first distinct event associated with said first output signal, and wherein said logical signal processor, upon receipt of said second output signal, acts to determine a presence of a second distinct event associated with said second output signal,

a system controller electrically connected to the logical signal processor, wherein said system controller is operable, in response to a determination of said first distinct event, to insert a damping resistor in parallel with said bank of series-connected capacitors, and wherein said system controller is further operable, upon receipt of a determination of said second distinct event, to bypass said bank of series-connected capacitors.

8. A method for detecting and controlling sub-harmonic signal content in an electrical distribution system comprising the steps of:

detecting the presence of at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content in an input signal,

determining the presence of at least two distinct types of adverse phenomena associated with said at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content, and

controlling the electrical distribution system to eliminate effects of said at least two distinct types of adverse phenomena.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of determining the presence of at least two distinct types of sub-harmonic content includes:

determining the presence of a first sub-harmonic content having a voltage greater than a first threshold voltage, and

determining the presence of a second sub-harmonic content having a voltage greater than a second threshold voltage.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of determining the presence of at least two distinct types of adverse phenomena includes:

determining the presence of a self-excitation phenomenon associated with the first sub-harmonic content, and

determining the presence of a ferroresonance phenomenon associated with the second sub-harmonic content.

11. The method of claim 10, further including the steps of:

controlling the electrical distribution system to eliminate effects of said self-excitation phenomenon, and

controlling the electrical distribution system to eliminate effects of said ferroresonance phenomenon.

20. The method of claim 9 including the further step of displaying information regarding the processing step.

12. A method for detecting and controlling sub-harmonic signal content in a distribution capacitor control system having a bank of series-connected capacitors, comprising the steps of:

isolating a sub-harmonic content of an input signal,

comparing a voltage value of the sub-harmonic content to first and second distinct threshold voltages,

generating a first output signal indicative of whether the voltage value of the sub-harmonic content exceeds the first threshold voltage,

generating a second output signal indicative of whether the voltage value of the sub-harmonic content exceeds the second threshold voltage,

processing the first and second output signals to determine the existence of first and second sub-harmonic phenomena,

upon determining the existence of the first sub-harmonic phenomenon, controlling the system to eliminate the first sub-harmonic phenomenon, and

upon determining the existence of the second sub-harmonic phenomenon, controlling the system to eliminate the second sub-harmonic phenomenon.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein:

the step of generating the first output signal includes generating a plurality of first pulses representative of sub-harmonic content peak voltage values that exceed the first threshold, and

the step of generating the second output signal includes generating a plurality of second pulses representative of sub-harmonic content peak voltage values that exceed the second threshold.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of processing the first and second output signals includes the following sub-steps:

initiating a timer to begin a sequence having a first portion and a second portion,

counting the first pulses generated during the first or second portions of said sequence,

counting the second pulses generated during the first or second portions of said sequence,

generating a ferroresonance event signal when more than one second pulse is counted during the first or second portions,

counting the number of successive sequences in which at least one first pulse is counted, and

generating a self-excitation event signal when the number of successive sequences in which at least one first pulse is counted is at least 3.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the sequence has a duration of approximately 200 ms, the first portion has a duration of approximately 150 ms;

and the second portion has a duration of approximately 160 ms.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of controlling the system to eliminate the first sub-harmonic phenomenon includes the sub-steps of:

inserting a damping resistor in parallel electronic relationship to the bank of series-connected capacitors,

bypassing the bank of series connected capacitors when first pulses are detected approximately three seconds following the step of inserting the damping resistor; and

isolating the damping resistor approximately five seconds following the step of inserting the damping resistor if first pulses are not detected within approximately three seconds following the step of inserting the damping resistor.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of processing the first and second output signals includes the following sub-steps:

timing the duration of each first pulse,

timing the duration of each second pulse,

generating a self-excitation event signal when the duration of a first pulse exceeds a first count duration threshold; and

generating a ferroresonance event signal when the duration of a second pulse exceeds a second count duration threshold.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the first count duration threshold is longer than the second count duration threshold.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the first count duration threshold is approximately 200 ms and the second count duration threshold is approximately 50 ms.

21. A computer readable medium incorporating instructions for determining ferroresonance and self-excitation events, the instructions comprising:

starting a timer to begin a sequence having a first portion and a second portion,

counting a number of first pulses representative of a first sub-harmonic content received during the first or second portions,

counting a number of second pulses representative of a second sub-harmonic content received during the first or second portions,

counting a number of second pulses representative of a second sub-harmonic content received during the first or second portions,

generating a ferroresonance event signal when more than one second pulse is counted during the first or second portions,

counting the number of successive sequences in which at least one first pulse is counted, and

generating a self-excitation event signal when the number of successive sequences in which at least one first pulse is counted is at least 3.

22. A computer readable medium incorporating instructions for controlling a system to eliminate a first sub-harmonic phenomenon, the instructions comprising:

receiving an output signal indicating a first sub-harmonic event,

inserting a damping resistor in parallel electronic relationship to a bank of series-connected capacitors,

bypassing the bank of series connected capacitors when the sub-harmonic event persists approximately three seconds following the insertion of the damping resistor, and

isolating the damping resistor approximately five second following the insertion of the damping resistor when the sub-harmonic event discontinues within approximately three seconds following the insertion of the damping resistor.