Modified formation testing apparatus and method

• US 6,157,893 A
• Filed: 04/30/1999
• Issued: 12/05/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Original Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Inventors: Macune, Don Thornton, Berger, Per Erik
• Primary Examiner(s): Oda, Christine K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Taylor, Victor J.
• Application Number:
  US09/302,888
• Time in Patent Office: 585 Days
• Field of Search: 702/9, 702/14, 702/16, 702/13, 702/12, 367/33
• US Class Current: 702/9
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/008 by injection test; by analysing pressure variations in an injection or production test, e.g. for estimating the skin factor measuring pressure E21B47/06
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/06 using side-wall drilling tools pressing or scrapers
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/10 using side-wall fluid samplers or testers

Abstract

An apparatus and method for obtaining samples of pristine formation or formation fluid, using a work string designed for performing other downhole work such as drilling, workover operations, or re-entry operations. An extendable element extends against the formation wall to obtain the pristine formation or fluid sample. While the test tool is in a standby condition, the extendable element is withdrawn within the work string, protected by other structure from damage during operation of the work string. The test apparatus is mounted on a sliding, non-rotating, sleeve on the work string.

Claims

1. An apparatus for testing an underground formation during drilling operations, comprising:

a rotatable drill string;

at least one non-rotating sleeve mounted on said drill string, said drill string being rotatable independently of said sleeve;

at least one extendable element mounted on said at least one sleeve, said at least one extendable element being selectively extendable into sealing engagement with the wall of the well bore for isolating a portion of the well bore at the formation, said at least one extendable element being selectively retractable;

a test port, said test port being exposable to said isolated portion of the well bore; and

a test device for testing at least one characteristic of the formation via said test port.

2. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test device comprises:

a fluid control device for allowing formation fluid flow through said test port from said isolated portion of the well bore; and

a sensor for sensing at least one characteristic of the fluid.

3. The apparatus recited in claim 2, further comprising at least one sample chamber, said at least one sample chamber being in fluid flow communication with said test port, for collecting a sample of formation fluid.

4. The apparatus recited in claim 3, wherein said at least one sample chamber is wireline retrievable.

5. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test device comprises a coring device mounted within said non-rotating sleeve for obtaining a core sample from said isolated portion of the formation, through said test port.

6. The apparatus recited in claim 1, further comprising a protective structure extending radially beyond said at least one extendable element, when said element is retracted.

7. The apparatus recited in claim 6, wherein said protective structure comprises at least one rigid stabilizer element adjacent said at least one extendable element, said rigid stabilizer element extending radially beyond the outermost extremity of said at least one extendable element when said at least one extendable element is retracted.

8. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test port is located in said extendable element.

9. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test port is located adjacent to said extendable element.

10. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test device comprises an extendable sensor for sensing a property of the formation, said sensor being extendable into direct contact with the formation through said test port.

11. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test device is mounted on said at least one non-rotating sleeve.

12. The apparatus recited in claim 1, wherein said test device is mounted on a rotating portion of said drill string.

13. A method of testing a reservoir formation comprising:

lowering a test apparatus into a well bore on a drill string, said test apparatus having at least one non-rotating sleeve, with an extendable element, a test port, and at least one formation test device;

positioning said at least one extendable element adjacent a selected subterranean formation;

extending said at least one extendable element to establish a sealing engagement with the wall of the well bore to isolate a portion of the well bore adjacent the selected formation;

holding said non-rotating sleeve stationary while allowing for rotation of said drill string to continue; and

performing a test of said formation via said test port.

14. The method recited in claim 13, wherein said formation test device includes a fluid control device and a sensing apparatus, and said step of performing a test of said formation comprises:

allowing formation fluid flow through said test port from said isolated portion of the well bore; and

sensing at least one characteristic of the formation fluid.

15. The method recited in claim 14, wherein said test apparatus further includes at least one sample chamber, said method further comprising transferring formation fluid into said at least one sample chamber.

16. The method recited in claim 14, further comprising telemetering information about said at least one characteristic.

17. A method of testing a reservoir formation comprising:

lowering a drill string into a well bore, said drill string having at least one non-rotating sleeve, with an extendable element, a port, and at least one fluid transfer device;

positioning said at least one extendable element adjacent a selected subterranean formation;

extending said at least one extendable element to establish a sealing engagement with the wall of the well bore to isolate a portion of the well bore adjacent the selected formation;

holding said non-rotating sleeve stationary while allowing for rotation of said drill string to continue; and

applying high pressure fluid to fracture said isolated portion of the well bore.

18. A method of testing a reservoir formation comprising:

lowering a drill string into a well bore, said drill string having at least one non-rotating sleeve, with at least one extendable element, a port, at least one fluid transfer device, and a pressure sensing apparatus mounted on said non-rotating sleeve;

positioning said at least one extendable element adjacent a selected subterranean formation;

extending said at least one extendable element to establish a sealing engagement with the wall of the well bore to isolate a portion of the well bore adjacent the selected formation;

applying fluid via said port with said at least one fluid transfer device to raise the pressure in said isolated portion of the well bore to a selected test level; and

monitoring the pressure in said isolated portion of the well bore with said pressure sensing apparatus to sense a pressure drop.

19. A method of testing a reservoir formation comprising:

lowering a drill string into a well bore, said drill string including at least two elements expandable from said drill string, at least two ports, and at least one fluid transfer device;

positioning said at least two expandable elements adjacent to at least two selected subterranean formations;

expanding said at least two expandable elements to establish a sealing engagement with the wall of the well bore to isolate at least two selected subterranean formations from each other; and

transferring formation fluid from at least a first said selected subterranean formation to at least a second said selected subterranean formation through said at least two ports.