Methods and apparatus relating to the formulation and trading of investment contracts
First Claim
1. A data processing system to enable the formulation of multi-party investment contracts, the system comprising:
- input means by which an ordering party can input contract data relating to at least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching, and further by which at least one counterparty can input registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and
data processing means operable to price and match a contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, the pricing including;
applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to each counterparty'"'"'s set of probabilities to give one or more individual counterparty prices each equal to the ordering party'"'"'s consideration; and
applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each said template of entitlement to derive an implied entitlement valuation;
the matching including;
determining which counterparty will provide the best entitlement on maturity by comparing each implied entitlement valuation with the consideration; and
matching the contract with that counterparty having a template of entitlement for the best said comparison.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods and apparatus relating to the formulation and trading of investment contracts are described. An ordering party inputs contract data relating to a phenomenon. The phenomenon has a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity. The contract data includes a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome within the range, and a consideration due a counterparty at or after the time of matching. At least one counterparty inputs registering data that includes a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in the range. A data processing means prices and matches a contract for the phenomenon from the contract data and registering data. Pricing the contract includes applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to each counterparty'"'"'s set of probabilities to give one or more individual counter party prices that are each equal to the ordering party'"'"'s consideration, and applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each template of entitlement to derive an implied entitlement valuation. Matching the contract includes determining which counterparty will provide the best entitlement on maturity by comparing each entitlement with the consideration, and matching the contract with the counterparty having a template of entitlement for the best comparison.
218 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A data processing system to enable the formulation of multi-party investment contracts, the system comprising:
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input means by which an ordering party can input contract data relating to at least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching, and further by which at least one counterparty can input registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and data processing means operable to price and match a contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, the pricing including; applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to each counterparty'"'"'s set of probabilities to give one or more individual counterparty prices each equal to the ordering party'"'"'s consideration; and applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each said template of entitlement to derive an implied entitlement valuation; the matching including; determining which counterparty will provide the best entitlement on maturity by comparing each implied entitlement valuation with the consideration; and matching the contract with that counterparty having a template of entitlement for the best said comparison. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A data processing system to enable the formulation of potential multiparty investment contracts, the system comprising:
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input means by which an ordering party can input contract data relating to a least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching, and further by which at least one counterparty can input registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and data processing means operable to price a contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, the pricing including; applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to each counterparty'"'"'s set of probabilities to give one or more individual counterparty prices each equal to the ordering party'"'"'s consideration; and applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each said template of entitlement to derive an implied entitlement valuation.
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10. A data processing system to enable the formulation of potential multi-party investments contracts, the system comprising:
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input means by which an ordering party can input contract data relating to at least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching, and further by which at least one counterparty can input registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and data processing means operable to price and match a contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, the pricing including; dividing the consideration into components, and for each component;
applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to each counterparty'"'"'s set of probabilities to give one or more individual counterparty prices each equal to the ordering party'"'"'s component consideration; and
applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each said template of entitlement to derive an implied component entitlement valuation;the matching including; determining which counterparty will provide the best entitlement on maturity by comparing each implied component entitlement valuation with the consideration; and matching the contract with the counterparties having templates of entitlement for the best said component comparisons.
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11. A method for the formulation of multi-party investment contracts, the method comprising the steps of:
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inputting ordering party contract data relating to at least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching; inputting counterparty registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and pricing and matching a contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, said step of pricing, for each counterparty, including; applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to the set of probabilities included in the counterparty registering data to give one or more individual counterparty prices; and applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each individual counterparty template of entitlement to derive an implied entitlement valuation; said step of matching including; determining which counterparty will provide the best entitlement on maturity by comparing the implied entitlement valuations with the consideration; and
matching the contract with the counterparty having a template of entitlement for the best said comparison. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A method for the formulation of potential multi-party investment contracts, the method comprising the steps of:
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inputting ordering party contract data relating to at least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching; inputting counterparty registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and pricing a potential contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, said step of pricing, for each counterparty, including; applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to the set of probabilities included in the counterparty registering data to give one or more individual counterparty prices; and
applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each individual counterparty template of entitlement to derive an implied entitlement valuation.
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20. A method for the formulation of multi-party investment contracts, the method comprising the steps of:
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inputting ordering party contract data relating to at least one phenomenon, each said phenomenon having a range of future outcomes and a future time of maturity, the contract data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range and a consideration due to a counterparty at or after the time of matching; inputting counterparty registering data including a set of probabilities of occurrence for each outcome in said range; and pricing and matching a contract for a said phenomenon from said contract data and said registering data, said step of pricing, for each counterparty, including; dividing the consideration into components and for each component; applying at least one template of entitlement as a function of outcome to the set of probabilities included in the counterparty registering data to give one or more individual counterparty prices; and
applying the ordering party set of probabilities to each individual counterparty template of entitlement to derive an implied component entitlement valuation;said step of matching including; determining which counterparty will provide the best entitlement on maturity by comparing the implied component entitlement valuations with the consideration; and matching the contract with the counterparty having templates of entitlement for the best said component comparisons.
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Specification