Rapid prototyping method and apparatus with simplified build preparation for production of three dimensional objects

• US 6,159,411 A
• Filed: 02/08/1999
• Issued: 12/12/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 02/08/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3D Systems, Inc. (3D Systems Corporation)
• Original Assignee: 3D Systems, Inc. (3D Systems Corporation)
• Inventors: Kulkarni, Rajeev B., Manners, Chris R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tentoni, Leo B.
• Application Number:
  US09/247,119
• Time in Patent Office: 673 Days
• Field of Search: 264/308, 264/401, 425/174.4, 425/375, 700/120
• US Class Current: 264/401
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 41/12 Spreading-out the material on a substrate , e.g. on the surface of a liquid
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 64/40 Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0073 smooth
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 10/00 Processes of additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 30/00 Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 50/00 Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4099 Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/49013 Deposit layers, cured by scanning laser, stereo lithography SLA, prototyping
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/49038 Support help, grid between support and prototype, separate easily

Abstract

A rapid prototyping and manufacturing (e.g. stereolithography) method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects with simplified correlation of building parameters with object data. Object data is preferably correlated to (1) object build parameters that are used in solidifying object portions of layers of the material, (2) recoating parameters that are used in forming layers of material that include object data, (3) support build parameters that are used in solidifying support portions of layers of the material, (4) recoating parameters that are used in forming layers of material that include support data but no object data, and (5) parameters for use in generating a support structure that will be used to support the object during its formation. A style file is identified with each set of parameters. An algorithm (i.e. style wizard) is used to select among a plurality of styles of each type. The algorithm derives successively narrowing groups of compatible styles, for a particular build, based on answers to a series of questions until a final singular group of compatible styles is identified. This final group of styles is used in the formation of the object. This process results in fewer errors in deriving groups of styles and increases the probability of successful build processes.

Claims

1. A stereolithographic method of forming a three-dimensional object from a plurality of adhered laminae by exposing successive layers of a material to prescribed stimulation, comprising:

providing data representing an object to be formed;

providing answers to a series of questions, including answers to stereolithographic machine type, recoating device, material type, and data file units;

automatically determining a group of styles to be used in forming the object, wherein the determination is derived based on the answers provided, the styles including build styles and support styles;

forming a layer of material according to at least one of the styles of the group, wherein the layer is formed in preparation for forming a successive lamina of the object, the layer in the object being formed according to at least one selected build style that includes geometric features;

exposing the material to the prescribed stimulation to form a successive lamina of the object, wherein the exposure is performed according to at least one of the styles of the group; and

repeating the acts of forming and exposing a plurality of times in order to form the object from a plurality of laminae.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the group of styles comprises a style setting forth build parameters for use in solidifying layers of the material.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the group of styles comprises a style setting forth recoating parameters for use in forming layers of material.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the group of styles comprises a style setting forth build parameters associated with a support structure for use in solidifying layers of the material.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the group of styles comprises a style setting forth recoating parameters for use in forming layers of the material that contain support data but not object data.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the group of styles comprises a style setting forth information for generating a support structure.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise indicating machine type from a list of possibilities that are compatible with any previously answered questions.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise indicating the recoater type from a list of possibilities that are compatible with any previously answered questions.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise indicating resin type from a list of possibilities that are compatible with any previously answered questions.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise indicating the units from a list of possibilities that are compatible with any previously answered questions.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise selecting a build type from a list of possibilities that are compatible with any previously answered questions.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise selecting a layer thickness from a list of possibilities that are compatible with any previously answered questions.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the answers comprise selecting a geometric shape characteristic of the object from a list of possibilities.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the possibilities include one or more of (1) general, (2) trapped volume, (3) large flat surface, (4) near-flat inclined surface, and (5) delicate.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein a range of layers is specified in which to apply one or more the derived styles.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the answers is provided automatically.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the geometric shape characteristic is provided automatically based on a software analysis of the object geometry.

18. An apparatus for forming a three-dimensional object from a plurality of adhered laminae by exposing successive layers of a material to prescribed stimulation, comprising:

a memory for receiving data representing an object;

a memory for receiving answers to a series of questions, including answers to stereolithographic machine types, recoating device, material type and data file units;

a computer programmed to automatically determine a group of styles to be used in forming the object based on the answers provided, the styles including build styles and support styles;

a coating system for forming a layer of material, according to a style forming part of the group, adjacent to any last formed layer of material in preparation for forming a subsequent lamina of the object;

an exposure system for selectively applying prescribed stimulation to the layer, according to the object data and a style forming part of the group, to form a successive lamina of the object; and

a control computer programmed to operate the coating system and the exposure system in order to form the object from a plurality of adhered laminae.

19. An apparatus for forming a three-dimensional object from a plurality of adhered laminae by exposing successive layers of a material to prescribed stimulation, comprising:

means for receiving data representing an object;

means for receiving answers to a series of questions, including answers to machine type, recoating device, material type and data file units;

means for automatically determining a group of styles to be used in forming the object based on the answers provided, the styles including build styles and support styles;

means for forming a layer of material, according to a style forming part of the group, adjacent to any last formed layer of a material in preparation for forming a subsequent lamina of the object;

means for selectively applying prescribed stimulation to the layer, according to the object data and a style forming part of the group, to form a successive lamina of the object; and

means for repeating the acts of forming and for selectively applying prescribed stimulation in order to form the object from a plurality of adhered laminae.

20. A stereolithographic method of forming a three-dimensional object from a plurality of adhered laminae by exposing successive layers of a material to stimulation, comprising:

providing data representing an object to be formed;

providing responses to a series of prompts, including responses to machine type, recoating device, material type and data file units;

at least in part automatically determining a group of styles to be used in forming the object, wherein the determination is derived based on the responses provided, the styles including build styles and support styles;

forming a layer of material according to at least one of the styles of the group, wherein the layer is formed in preparation for forming a successive lamina of the object;

exposing the material to the stimulation to form a successive lamina of the object, wherein the exposure is performed according to at least one of the styles of the group; and

repeating the acts of forming and exposing a plurality of times in order to form the object from a plurality of laminae.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the prompts are questions and the responses are answers.

22. Forming at least one lamina according to at least one style, comprising:

providing data representing a lamina to be formed;

providing a response to at least one prompt;

at least in part automatically determining the at least one style to be used in forming the lamina; and

forming the at least one lamina.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the at least one prompt is a question and the response is an answer.