Disposable article having a discontinuous responsive system

• US 6,160,198 A
• Filed: 06/29/1998
• Issued: 12/12/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
• Original Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
• Inventors: Schmidt, Mattias, Roe, Donald C., Allen, Patrick J., Ronn, Karl P., Litvin, Simon S., Khomjakov, Oleg N., Kruchinin, Mikhail K., Ehrnsperger, Bruno J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Weiss, John G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PEPPERS III, MILEY CRAIG
• Application Number:
  US09/106,424
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 604/361, 604/360, 604/359, 604/358, 604/362, 604/367, 604/378, 604/385.01, 604/385.101, 604/385.12
• US Class Current: 604/361
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/42 with wetness indicator or alarm
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 13/495 with faecal cavity

Abstract

Disposable articles such as diapers, incontinent briefs, diaper holders and/or inserts, training pants, feminine hygiene garments, tampons, and the like, having a responsive system. The article includes a sensor that detects an input, an actuator that is adapted to perform a responsive function upon the input, and a feedback control loop in which the actuator is adapted to perform the responsive function upon the input in a discontinuous manner. The responsive system may include an open loop or a closed loop system.

Claims

1. A disposable article to be fitted to a wearer comprising:

(a) a responsive system including;

(i) a sensor operatively connected to said article, said sensor adapted to detect an input, and

(ii) an actuator operatively connected to said sensor, said actuator being adapted to perform a responsive function in a discontinuous manner when said sensor detects said input.

2. The disposable article of claim 1 further comprising a liquid permeable topsheet, a backsheet joined to said topsheet, and an absorbent core disposed between at least a portion of said topsheet and at least a portion of said backsheet.

3. The disposable article of claim 1 further comprising a liquid impermeable layer.

4. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said sensor is proactive.

5. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said sensor and said actuator are distinct components.

6. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said sensor is adapted to be affixed to the wearer.

7. The disposable article of claim 1 further comprising a controller, said controller being adapted to receive a signal from said sensor and allow said actuator to perform said responsive function when a threshold level of said input has been met.

8. The disposable article of claim 7, wherein said controller is a distinct component.

9. The disposable article of claim 7, wherein said controller is adapted to activate said actuator.

10. The disposable article of claim 7, wherein said actuator is adapted to perform a second responsive function in a discontinuous manner when said sensor detects a second threshold level of said input.

11. The disposable article of claim 10, wherein said second responsive function is different than said responsive function.

12. The disposable article of claim 1 further comprising a second sensor, wherein said second sensor is adapted to detect a second input, and wherein said actuator is adapted to perform said responsive function in a discontinuous manner when said sensor detects said input or said second sensor detects said second input.

13. The disposable article of claim 1 further comprising a second sensor, wherein said second sensor is adapted to detect a second input, and wherein said actuator is adapted to perform said responsive function in a discontinuous manner when said sensor detects said input and said second sensor detects said second input.

14. The disposable article of claim 1 further comprising a second sensor, wherein said second sensor is adapted to detect a second input, and further comprising a second actuator, said second actuator being adapted to perform a second responsive system in a discontinuous manner when said second sensor detects said second input.

15. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said discontinuous responsive function comprises a step-type responsive function.

16. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function comprises one or more of the group selected from:

transforming potential energy into kinetic energy, delivering a stored material, delivering an active ingredient, delivering a stored material to the skin of a wearer, delivering a stored material to a bodily waste, entrapping feces, encapsulating feces, providing a void space, and pumping a liquid bodily waste.

17. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said actuator is adapted to transform a potential energy in order to perform said responsive function, said potential energy being selected from one or more of the group of:

stored mechanical energy, compressive mechanical energy, torsional mechanical energy, stored chemical energy, stored electrical energy, and a battery.

18. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said sensor is selected from the group of:

an electrical sensor, a mechanical sensor, a chemical sensor, a water soluble film, a water soluble pH sensitive film, a biosensor, a non-environmental sensor and a closed system liquid transport member.

19. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said actuator is selected from the group of:

release of a vacuum, a compressed resilient material, a compressed resilient material constrained in a vacuum sealed water soluble film, an electrically sensitive gel, a pH sensitive gel, a salt concentration sensitive gel, and a closed system liquid transport member.

20. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said input is selected from the group of:

pressure, water, pH, electrical activity and an enzyme.

21. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by the equation:

##EQU3## wherein said constant k is greater than or equal to a value selected from about 2.0.

22. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by the equation:

##EQU4## wherein said constant k is greater than or equal to a value selected from about 3.0.

23. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by the equation:

##EQU5## wherein said constant k is greater than or equal to a value selected from about 5.0.

24. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by the equation:

##EQU6## wherein said constant k is greater than or equal to a value selected from about 10.0.

25. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by the equation:

##EQU7## wherein said constant k is greater than or equal to a value selected from about 100.

26. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by a control system having a transfer function of the equation:

KG(s)=K/(Ts+1)ⁿ, wherein said n value is greater than or equal to a value of about 25.

27. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by a control system having a transfer function of the equation:

KG(s)=K/(Ts+1)ⁿ, wherein said n value is greater than or equal to a value of about 50.

28. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said responsive function is performed such that said responsive system has an output function that may be modeled by a control system having a transfer function of the equation:

KG(s)=K/(Ts+1)ⁿ, wherein said n value is greater than or equal to a value of about 100.

29. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said article selected from the group of:

a diaper, a training pant, a sanitary napkin, a tampon, and a colostomy type bag.

30. The disposable article of claim 1, wherein said sensor comprises a water soluble film and said actuator comprises compressed mechanical energy of a compressed vacuum sealed resilient material.

31. A disposable article to be fitted to a wearer comprising:

(a) a responsive system including;

(i) a sensor operatively connected to said article, said sensor being adapted to detect an input associated with feces,

(ii) an actuator operatively connected to said sensor, said actuator including a compressed resilient material constrained in a vacuum sealed film, said actuator being adapted to discontinuously encapsulate feces when said sensor detects feces.

32. A disposable article to be fitted to a wearer comprising:

(a) a responsive system including;

(i) a sensor operatively connected to said article, said sensor being adapted to detect an input associated with a bodily waste; and

(ii) an actuator operatively connected to said sensor, said actuator including a compressed resilient material constrained in a vacuum sealed film adapted to absorb said bodily waste when said sensor detects said bodily waste.

33. The disposable article of claim 32, wherein said actuator comprises a plurality of individually vacuum sealed cells.