Nanostructured oxides and hydroxides and methods of synthesis therefor
First Claim
1. A nanostructured oxide or hydroxide synthesized by:
- providing an aqueous starting solution and an aqueous reactant solution;
co-atomizing the aqueous reactant solution into the aqueous starting solution, thereby precipitating a nanostructured oxide or hydroxide powder from the mixture of the aqueous starting and reactant solutions;
heat treating the nanostructured oxide or hydroxide powder to produce a heat-treated nanostructured oxide or hydroxide; and
ultrasonicating the heat-treated nanostructured oxide or hydroxide, wherein the ultrasonicated nanostructured oxide or hydroxide is in the form of a random, interconnected open-weave assembly of fibers, the fibers having diameters of less than about 100 nm.
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Abstract
A chemical synthetic route is disclosed for nanostructured materials that is scalable to large volume production, comprising spray atomization of a reactant solution into a precursor solution to form a nanostructured oxide or hydroxide precipitate. The precipitate is then heat-treated followed by sonication, or sonicated followed by heat treatment. This route yields nanostructured doped and undoped nickel hydroxide, manganese dioxide, and ytrria-stabilized zirconia. Unusual morphological superstructures may be obtained, including well-defined cylinders or nanorods, as well as a novel structure in nickel hydroxide and manganese dioxide, comprising assemblies of nanostructured fibers, assemblies of nanostructured fibers and agglomerates of nanostructured particles, and assemblies of nanostructured fibers and nanostructured particles. These novel structures have high percolation rates and high densities of active sites, rendering them particularly suitable for catalytic applications.
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Citations
51 Claims
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1. A nanostructured oxide or hydroxide synthesized by:
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providing an aqueous starting solution and an aqueous reactant solution; co-atomizing the aqueous reactant solution into the aqueous starting solution, thereby precipitating a nanostructured oxide or hydroxide powder from the mixture of the aqueous starting and reactant solutions; heat treating the nanostructured oxide or hydroxide powder to produce a heat-treated nanostructured oxide or hydroxide; and ultrasonicating the heat-treated nanostructured oxide or hydroxide, wherein the ultrasonicated nanostructured oxide or hydroxide is in the form of a random, interconnected open-weave assembly of fibers, the fibers having diameters of less than about 100 nm. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A composition of matter, comprising
nanostructured particulate or fibrous nickel hydroxide, wherein the nickel hydroxide particles or fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm.
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18. A composition of matter, comprising
nanostructured particulate or fibrous manganese dioxide, wherein the manganese dioxide particles or fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm.
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21. A composition of matter, comprising
nanostructured fibrous zirconium oxide, wherein the zirconium oxide fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm, and the fibers are in the form of a random, interconnected open-weave assembly.
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23. Nanostructured composite materials, comprising
at least one random interconnected open-weave assembly of nanostructured fibers, wherein the nanostructured fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm; - and
at least one agglomerate of nanostructured particles adjacent or partially or completely within the at least one assembly, wherein the nanostructured particles have diameters of less than about 100 nm. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. Nanostructured composite materials, comprising
at least one random, interconnected open-weave assembly of nanostructured fibers, wherein the nanostructured fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm; - and
nanostructured particles adjacent or partially or completely within the at least one assembly, wherein the nanostructured particles have diameters of less than about 100 nm. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. Nanostructured materials, comprising
at least one random, interconnected open-weave assembly of nanostructured fibers, wherein the nanostructured fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm.
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51. A composition of matter, comprising
nanostructured, particulate or fibrous zirconium oxide, wherein the zirconium oxide further comprises nanostructured yttrium oxide, and wherein the particles or fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm, and the fibers are in the form of a random, interconnected open-weave assembly.
Specification