Battery having a built-in controller
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A single-cell battery comprising:
- (a) a container including a positive terminal and a negative terminal;
(b) a single electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and
(c) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller being adapted to monitor one or more of the physical parameters selected from the group of;
an internal impedance of said cell, and a hydrogen concentration, said controller being adapted to control the operation of said cell based upon said physical parameter.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A battery having a built-in controller that controls one or more functions of the battery is disclosed. The battery may, for example, control a charge or a discharge cycle of a battery, disconnect an electrochemical cell from the terminals of the battery in an emergency condition, provide electronic identification of cell characteristics or conditions, or provide a low remaining charge warning. The battery may be a single-cell battery, a universal single-cell battery, a multiple-cell battery or a multiple-cell hybrid battery. Each individual cell preferably has a built-in controller.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. A single-cell battery comprising:
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(a) a container including a positive terminal and a negative terminal; (b) a single electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and (c) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller being adapted to monitor one or more of the physical parameters selected from the group of;
an internal impedance of said cell, and a hydrogen concentration, said controller being adapted to control the operation of said cell based upon said physical parameter. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A battery comprising:
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(a) a container including a positive terminal and a negative terminal; (b) an electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and (c) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller being adapted to electronically disconnect said cell from said terminals of said container when said controller detects one or more of the following conditions;
an inverse polarity a short-circuit, an overcharge of said cell, a temperature of said cell exceeding a predetermined temperature, a gas pressure of said cell exceeding a predetermined pressure, and a hydrogen gas concentration exceeding a predetermined hydrogen gas concentration.
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9. A battery comprising:
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(a) a container including a positive terminal, a negative terminal and a periphery; (b) at least one electrostatic microvalve disposed on a portion of said periphery of said container; (c) an electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and (d) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller controlling said microvalve to control air flow into said container. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A battery comprising:
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(a) a container including a positive terminal and a negative terminal; (b) an electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and (c) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller being adapted to detect said cell voltage and an internal impedance of said cell to determine a remaining charge of said cell. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22)
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23. A battery comprising:
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(a) a container including a positive terminal and a negative terminal; (b) an electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and (c) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller including an electronic identification of said cell including at least one of the group selected from;
a type of said cell, a nominal voltage of said cell, a rated capacity of said cell, a peak current delivery capability of said cell, and an optimal current delivery capability of said cell.
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24. A battery comprising:
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(a) a container including a positive terminal, a negative terminal and a periphery; (b) a first microvalve and a second microvalve, said first and second microvalves disposed on a portion of said periphery of said container; (c) an electrochemical cell disposed within said container, said cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a cell voltage measured across said positive electrode and said negative electrode of said cell; and (d) a controller electrically connected between said electrodes of said cell and said terminals of said container to create an output voltage measured across said positive terminal and said negative terminal of said container, said controller being adapted to control said first microvalve and said second microvalve independently to control air flow into said container.
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Specification