Method of isomorphic singular manifold projection and still/video imagery compression
First Claim
1. A method of compressing video, said method comprising the steps of:
- determining an actual error between corresponding blocks of a current frame and a predicted frame corresponding to the current frame;
repeating said determining step for a successive pair of the corresponding blocks;
accumulating the actual errors to generate an accumulated error;
inserting an I-frame as the next subsequent frame after the current frame if said accumulated error exceeds a predetermined threshold; and
repeating said first repeating, accumulating and inserting steps until said accumulated error exceeds said threshold.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods and apparatuses for still image compression, video compression and automatic target recognition are disclosed. The method of still image compression uses isomorphic singular manifold projection whereby surfaces of objects having singular manifold representations are represented by best match canonical polynomials to arrive at a model representation. The model representation is compared with the original representation to arrive at a difference. If the difference exceeds a predetermined threshold, the difference data are saved and compressed using standard lossy compression. The coefficients from the best match polynomial together with the difference data, if any, are then compressed using lossless compression. The method of motion estimation for enhanced video compression sends I frames on an "as-needed" basis, based on comparing the error between segments of a current frame and a predicted frame. If the error exceeds a predetermined threshold, which can be based on program content, the next frame sent will be an I frame. The method of automatic target recognition (ATR) including tracking, zooming, and image enhancement, uses isomorphic singular manifold projection to separate texture and sculpture portions of an image. Soft ATR is then used on the sculptured portion and hard ATR is used on the texture portion.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. A method of compressing video, said method comprising the steps of:
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determining an actual error between corresponding blocks of a current frame and a predicted frame corresponding to the current frame; repeating said determining step for a successive pair of the corresponding blocks; accumulating the actual errors to generate an accumulated error; inserting an I-frame as the next subsequent frame after the current frame if said accumulated error exceeds a predetermined threshold; and repeating said first repeating, accumulating and inserting steps until said accumulated error exceeds said threshold.
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2. A method of compressing video, said method comprising the steps of:
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taking a frame F0 of the video; predicting a subsequent frame based on said frame F0 and segmenting the predicted frame into search blocks; taking an input frame F1 of the video, and segmenting the input frame F1 into search blocks corresponding to the search blocks of said predicted frame; determining an actual error between corresponding search blocks of the input frame F1 and the predicted frame; accumulating the actual errors of different ones of the corresponding search blocks on a block-by-block basis to generate an accumulated error; and comparing, after each accumulation of the errors, the accumulated error to a threshold and inserting an I-frame as the next subsequent frame if the accumulated error exceeds said threshold. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method of compressed video transmission, the method comprising the steps of:
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taking a first frame F0 ; segmenting said frame F0 into blocks; compressing each said block by representing it with a canonical polynomial having original coefficients; predicting a frame P corresponding to said frame F0 ; determining an error between each block in said frame F0 and a corresponding block of said predicted frame P; accumulating the error determined between each block in said frame F0 and said corresponding block of predicted frame P; and comparing, after accumulating each error, the accumulated error to a threshold and if the accumulated error exceeds said threshold, inserting an I-frame as the next subsequent frame to said frame F0. - View Dependent Claims (9)
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10. A method of compressed video transmission, the method comprising the steps of:
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taking a first frame F0 ; segmenting said frame F0 into blocks; compressing each said block by representing it with a canonical polynomial having original coefficients; predicting a frame P corresponding to said frame F0 based on a frame prior to F0 ; comparing each block in said frame F0 with said predicted frame P to determine if there is a match; if a match is found in said frame P for a block in said frame F0, sending said coefficients of said polynomial for that block to a decoder; if a match is not found for a block in said frame F0, generating new coefficients of said polynomial representing said predicted frame P and sending said new coefficients to said decoder; reconstructing said frame F0 in said decoder from said original coefficients and said new coefficients sent to said decoder; calculating an error between said frame F0 and said predicted frame P based on said comparing each block in said frame F0 with a corresponding block of said predicted frame P; comparing said error to a threshold; if said error does not exceed said threshold, sending a B or P frame as the next subsequent frame to said frame F0 ; if said error exceeds said threshold, inserting an I-frame as the next subsequent frame to said frame F0. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. A method of compressing a video image, said method comprising the steps of:
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taking a frame F0 ; segmenting F0 into blocks and defining motion vectors for said blocks to predict a subsequent frame P comprising a plurality of blocks; taking a subsequent frame F1 of the video corresponding to said predicted frame P and segmenting F1 into blocks corresponding to said blocks of said predicted frame; defining an actual error between each said block in said frame F1 and said corresponding block in said frame P; accumulating the actual errors one error at a time to generate an accumulated error; based on said accumulated error, sending an I-frame as the next subsequent frame to said frame F0 ; and repeating said defining, accumulating and sending steps for each corresponding pair of blocks of said frame F1 and said frame P.
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13. A method of video compression utilizing motion estimation comprising the steps of:
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(a) comparing a segment of the current frame to be encoded to a corresponding segment of the previous frame to arrive at an error difference; (b) repeating the calculation of Step (a) until error differences have been determined for all segments of the frame; (c) summing said error differences to arrive at a cumulative error difference for that frame; (d) comparing said cumulative error difference to a threshold and inserting a new I frame if said cumulative error exceeds said threshold. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of video compression, said method comprising the steps of:
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deriving a plurality of errors between microblocks in a current frame of video and corresponding microblocks in a predicted frame; accumulating said errors to generate an accumulated error; comparing said accumulated error to a threshold after each said error is added to said accumulated error; and sending an I frame when said threshold is exceeded. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method of video compression, said method comprising the steps of:
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deriving a plurality of errors between microblocks in a current frame of video and corresponding microblocks in a predicted frame; accumulating said errors to generate an accumulated error; comparing said accumulated error to a threshold after each said error is added to said accumulated error; sending an I frame when said threshold is exceeded; and applying spatial hypercompression utilizing isomorphic singular manifold representations to each I frame inserted into the video bitstream.
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24. A method of compressing video, said method comprising the steps of:
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(a) calculating the actual error between a first block of a current frame and a corresponding block of a predicted frame; (b) storing the calculated actual error as a first block actual error; (c) calculating the actual error between a second block of the current frame and a corresponding block of the predicted frame to create a second block actual error; (d) adding the second block actual error to the stored first block actual error to create an accumulated actual block error; (e) calculating the actual error between a subsequent block of the current frame and a corresponding block of the predicted frame to create a subsequent block error; (f) adding the subsequent block actual error to the accumulated actual block error to create a new accumulated actual block error; (g) repeating steps (e) and (f) with respect to each additional subsequent block of the current frame, one at a time, until the accumulated actual error exceeds a predetermined threshold; and (h) inserting an I-frame if the accumulated actual block error or the new accumulated actual block error exceeds the threshold.
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Specification