Food processing method and system

• US 6,167,709 B1
• Filed: 01/19/1999
• Issued: 01/02/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Environmental Management Corp. (American Water Works Company Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: BOC Group, Inc. (Messer Adolf Family)
• Inventors: Grace, Mark, Kulik, William, Caracciolo, Louis D. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): DOERRLER, WILLIAM CHARLES
• Application Number:
  US09/232,822
• Time in Patent Office: 714 Days
• Field of Search: 62/501, 62/502, 62/521, 62/63, 62/64, 623/78, 623/73, 623/74, 623/75, 623/76
• US Class Current: 62/64
• CPC Class Codes: A22C 21/0061 Cleaning or disinfecting poultry
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 4/09 with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid N2, at cryogenic temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 4/16 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 4/24 Inorganic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 4/30 by spraying of liquids
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/0416 with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/055 with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid nitrogen, at cryogenic temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/144 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/157 Inorganic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/158 Apparatus for preserving using liquids
• CPC Class Codes: A23B 7/159 Apparatus for preserving using solids
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/24 by flotation C02F1/465 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/32 with ultraviolet light
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/463 by electrocoagulation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/76 with halogens or compounds of halogens C02F1/4674 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/78 with ozone C02F1/4672 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2003/003 using activated carbon or the like
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2103/22 from the processing of animals, e.g. poultry, fish, or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 9/00 Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 40/90 in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation

Abstract

Various food processing methods and a food processing system minimize microbial growth while an animal, such as a chicken, is processed into food. During processing, temperature of an animal carcass and atmosphere surrounding the carcass are controlled by spraying gases and a mixture of ozone and water on the carcass, directing the gases through a passage in a wall to cool a processing area, and flowing the gases into atmosphere surrounding the carcass. Preferably, the gases include ozone and cryogenic gases recycled from a cryogenic freezer. The system uses a reduced amount of fresh water by recycling water used during food processing.

Claims

1. A system for processing animals into food, comprising:

walls forming a partially enclosed room having an entrance and exit;

a conveyor for conveying an animal carcass from the entrance to processing equipment positioned in the room;

at least one gas supply line communicating with the room, the gas supply line being coupled to at least one gas source;

at least one sensor for sensing the amount of a predetermined type of gas in the room; and

a controller for regulating flow of gas in the supply line according to the sensed amount so that microbial growth in the room is reduced.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the walls include an internal passage coupled to at least one of the gas sources so that gas flows through the passage to remove heat from the room through the walls.

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a freezer for freezing food by spraying cryogenic gas on the food and a vent for collecting the cryogenic gas, the internal passage being coupled to the vent so that cryogenic gas previously used to freeze food in the freezer flows through the passage to remove heat from the room.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the gas sources includes ozone, and wherein the system further includes vents for removing gases passing through the entrance and exit of the room and scrubbers in the vents for removing ozone from vented gas.

12. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a source of a mixture of ozone and water;

a source of trisodium phosphate;

a rotatable support; and

a plurality of tines mounted on the rotatable support for removing feathers from the carcass, each of the tines including;

a first lumen in fluid communication with the source of the mixture of ozone and water, the first lumen having an opening for spraying the mixture on the carcass during feather removal, and

a second lumen in fluid communication with the source of trisodium phosphate, the second lumen having an opening for spraying the trisodium phosphate on the carcass during feather removal.

13. The system of claim 1, further comprising at least one sensor for sensing the temperature in the room, wherein the controller is configured to regulate the flow of gas in the supply lines according to the sensed temperature.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein said at least one gas supply line includes a plurality of gas supply lines coupled to a plurality of gas sources, wherein said at least one sensor includes a plurality of sensors for sensing amounts of predetermined types of gases in the room, and wherein the controller regulates flow of gases in the supply lines according to the sensed amounts.

2. A system for processing animals into food, comprising:

walls forming a partially enclosed room having an entrance and exit;

a conveyor for conveying an animal carcass from the entrance to processing equipment positioned in the room;

gas supply lines communicating with the room, the gas supply lines being coupled to gas sources, the gas sources including a source of nitrogen, a source of carbon dioxide, and a source of ozone;

at least one sensor for sensing at least one of the amount of predetermined types of gases in the room and the temperature in the room; and

a controller for regulating flow of gas in the supply lines according to at least one of the sensed amount and the temperature so that microbial growth in the room is reduced.

5. A system for processing animals into food, comprising;

walls forming a partially enclosed room having an entrance and exit;

a conveyor for conveying an animal carcass from the entrance to processing equipment positioned in the room;

at least one gas supply line communicating with the room, the gas supply line being coupled to at least one gas source;

at least one sensor for sensing at least one of the amount of a predetermined type of gas in the room and the temperature in the room;

a controller for regulating flow of gas in the supply lines according to at least one of the sensed amount and the temperature so that microbial growth in the room is reduced; and

a sprayer coupled to a source of a mixture of ozone and water, the sprayer being positioned in the room to spray the mixture on at least one of the carcass and the processing equipment.

15. The system of claim 5, wherein said at least one gas supply line includes a plurality of gas supply lines coupled to a plurality of gas sources, wherein said at least one sensor includes a plurality of sensors for sensing amounts of predetermined types of gases in the room, and wherein the controller regulates flow of gases in the supply lines according to the sensed amounts.

6. A system for processing animals into food, comprising:

walls forming a partially enclosed room having an entrance and exit;

a conveyor for conveying an animal carcass from the entrance to processing equipment positioned in the room;

at least one gas supply line communicating with the room, the gas supply line being coupled to at least one gas source;

at least one sensor for sensing at least one of the amount of a predetermined type of gas in the room and the temperature in the room;

a controller for regulating flow of gas in the supply line according to at least one of the sensed amount and the temperature so that microbial growth in the room is reduced; and

a nozzle coupled to a source of at least one of the group consisting of ozone, ozone and air, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen, the nozzle being positioned in the room to blow a gas on the animal carcass.

7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a freezer for freezing food by spraying cryogenic gas on the food, wherein the nozzle is coupled to the freezer so that cold gas previously used to freeze food in the freezer chills the carcass.

16. The system of claim 6, wherein said at least one gas supply line includes a plurality of gas supply lines coupled to a plurality of gas sources, wherein said at least one sensor includes a plurality of sensors for sensing amounts of predetermined types of gases in the room, and wherein the controller regulates flow of gases in the supply lines according to the sensed amounts.

9. A system for processing animals into food, comprising:

walls forming a partially enclosed room having an entrance and exit;

a conveyor for conveying an animal carcass from the entrance to processing equipment positioned in the room;

at least one gas supply line communicating with the room, the gas supply line being coupled to at least one gas source;

at least one sensor for sensing at least one of the amount of a predetermined type of gas in the room and the temperature in the room;

a controller for regulating flow of gas in the supply line according to at least one of the sensed amount and the temperature so that microbial growth in the room is reduced;

a conduit sized for insertion into a cavity in the animal carcass, the conduit having at least one lumen and an aperture communicating with the lumen to spray substances in the animal carcass;

first and second sprayers for coupling to a source of a mixture of ozone gas and water, the first sprayer being positioned to spray an exterior of the animal carcass with the mixture and the second sprayer being positioned to spray the conduit with the mixture; and

a shield for shielding the carcass from contact with substances sprayed off of the conduit.

10. A system for processing animals into food, comprising:

walls forming a partially enclosed room having an entrance and exit;

a conveyor for conveying an animal carcass from the entrance to processing equipment positioned in the room;

at least one gas supply line communicating with the room, the gas supply line being coupled to at least one gas source;

at least one sensor for sensing at least one of the amount of a predetermined type of gases in the room and the temperature in the room;

a controller for regulating flow of gas in the supply lines according to at least one of the sensed amount and the temperature so that microbial growth in the room is reduced;

a plurality of tines rotatable about an axis of rotation, for removing feathers from the exterior of the carcass; and

a sprayer for spraying the carcass with at least one of an ozone and water mixture and trisodium phosphate while the feathers are being removed to reduce microbes on the carcass.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the sprayer includes a first aperture in the tines and a second aperture in the tines.