Adsorbent for separating gases

• US 6,171,370 B1
• Filed: 03/02/1999
• Issued: 01/09/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 03/04/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tosoh Corporation
• Original Assignee: Tosoh Corporation
• Inventors: Nishimura, Toru, Yoshimura, Keiji, Kawamoto, Taizo, Hirano, Shigeru
• Primary Examiner(s): Spitzer, Robert H.
• Application Number:
  US09/260,479
• Time in Patent Office: 679 Days
• Field of Search: 95/96--98, 951/00--05, 951/30, 959/02, 423/330.1, 423/332, 502/79, 961/08, 961/30
• US Class Current: 95/96
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/106 Silica or silicates
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/1085 characterized by a silicon-aluminium ratio
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2256/10 Nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2256/12 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/102 Nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/104 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/047 Pressure swing adsorption
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/183 Physical conditioning without chemical treatment, e.g. drying, granulating, coating, irradiation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 95/902 Molecular sieve

Abstract

An adsorbent for separating gases, which comprises a binder and a crystalline low-silica faujasite type zeolite with a SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratio of from 1.9 to 2.1, wherein the average pore diameter of the macropores is equal to or larger than the mean free path of an adsorbable component when desorbing the adsorbable component from the adsorbent, and at least 70% of the total volume of the macropores is occupied by macropores having a diameter equal to or larger than the mean free path of the adsorbable component.

Claims

1. An adsorbent for separating gases, which comprises a binder and a crystalline low-silica faujasite type zeolite with a SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratio of from 1.9 to 2.1, wherein the average pore diameter of the macropores is equal to or larger than the mean free path of an adsorbable component when desorbing the adsorbable component from the adsorbent, and at least 70% of the total volume of the macropores is occupied by macropores having a diameter equal to or larger than the mean free path of the adsorbable component.

2. The adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 1, wherein the macropores have a total volume of at least 0.25 cc/g and a pore surface area of at least 20 m²/g.

3. The adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the crystalline low-silica faujasite type zeolite is at least 90%.

4. The adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 1, wherein the binder is sepiolite clay and/or attapulgite clay.

5. The adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 1, which is in the form of beads.

6. The adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 1, wherein the crystalline low-silica faujasite type zeolite is ion-exchanged with lithium cations.

7. The adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 1, which has a water content of at most 0.8 wt %.

8. A process for producing an adsorbent for separating gases as defined in claim 1, which comprises adding water to a crystalline low-silica faujasite type zeolite with a SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratio of zeolite crystal of from 1.9 to 2.1, and from 5 to 30 parts by weight of a binder based on 100 parts by weight of the crystalline low-silica faujasite type zeolite as dried, so that the bulk density is from 0.8 to 1.0 kg/l, followed by kneading, agglomerating, calcinating, ion-exchanging and activating.

9. The process for producing an adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 8, wherein the binder is sepiolite clay and/or attapulgite clay.

10. The process for producing an adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 8, wherein the adsorbent is formed into beads by blade agitator granulation.

11. The process for producing an adsorbent for separating gases according to claim 8, in which the calcinated agglomerate is ion-exchanged with a solution containing lithium cations.

12. A process for separating gases, which comprises contacting a mixed gas with a packed bed of the adsorbent for separating gases as defined in claim 1.

13. A process for separating a mixture of nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in air, which comprises contacting air with a packed bed of the adsorbent for separating gases of claim 1, to selectively adsorb nitrogen gas from the air leaving oxygen gas.

14. The process for separating nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in air according to claim 13, wherein nitrogen gas in the air is selectively adsorbed by a pressure swing adsorption method.

15. A process for separating oxygen gas from nitrogen gas in air according to claim 14 comprising the steps of:

(1) contacting air with the packed bed of adsorbent and selectively adsorbing nitrogen gas from the air leaving a stream of concentrated oxygen gas from an outlet of the packed bed;

(2) regenerating the packed bed by interrupting air contact with the packed bed and reducing pressure inside of the packed bed to desorb adsorbed nitrogen gas and evacuating the thus desorbed nitrogen gas; and

(3) repressurizing the regenerated packed bed by repressurizing it with concentrated oxygen gas obtained in step (1).

16. The process for separating nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in air according to claim 15, wherein the adsorption pressure during adsorbing step (1) is within a range of from 760 Torr to 1520 Torr.

17. The process for separating nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in air according to claim 15, wherein the desorption pressure in regeneration step (2) is within a range of from 100 Torr to 400 Torr.

18. The process for separating nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in air according to claim 15, wherein the pressure during repressurizing step (3) is within a range of from 400 Torr to 800 Torr.