Wide area communications network for remote data generating stations

• US 6,172,616 B1
• Filed: 04/22/1999
• Issued: 01/09/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 02/15/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Itron, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Itron, Inc.
• Inventors: Wiebe, Michael, Holowick, Erwin, Murphy, Michael F., Jacob, Nathan R., Schellenberg, James J., Stasenski, Michael S., Johnson, Dennis F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Horabik, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): Edwards, Jr., Timothy
• Application Number:
  US09/296,359
• Time in Patent Office: 628 Days
• Field of Search: 340/870.06, 340/870.05, 340/870.12, 340/870.11, 340/870.03, 340/870.02, 340/825.69, 340/825.72, 340/825.02
• US Class Current: 340/870.12
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/004 Remote reading of utility meters to a fixed location
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/008 Modifications to installed utility meters to enable remote reading
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 15/00 Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 15/06 successively, i.e. using time division
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00028 involving the use of Internet protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2854 Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/022 by sampling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0817 by checking functioning
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0829 Packet loss
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/14 Calling by using pulses
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/10 Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/06 using polling
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/08 Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA hybrid access H04W74/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/0833 Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/26 Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/04 Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/20 : End-user application control systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 : Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/00 : Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them

Abstract

A wide area communications network communicating data from a plurality of network service modules through a plurality of remote cell nodes and intermediate data terminals to a central data terminal. The wide area communicates network collects network generated by a plurality of physical devices such as gas, water or electricity meters, located within a geographical area. The wide area communications network is a layered network have a hierarchical communications topology. The central data terminal controls network operation. Intelligence exists at all layers of the network, thereby easing the workload of the central data terminal. The intelligence attributed to each module is a function of the application of that module.

Claims

1. A data collection system for data collection from a plurality of meters comprising:

a) a plurality of telemetry devices, each of the plurality of telemetry devices being associated with at least one selected meter, each telemetry device including;

i) a sensor to measure a parameter at a series of measurement time to generate a series of successive measurements,

ii) a first memory configured to store a plurality of measurements from said series of successive measurements, and

iii) a wireless transmitter for transmitting by a wireless signal a packet of said plurality of stored measurements, the packet including an address unique to a certain telemetry device, to a collection device at a series of transmission times, each of said stored measurements transmitted at a plurality of different transmission times, each packet being transmitted redundantly in a plurality of transmissions; and

b) a plurality of collection devices, there being fewer collection devices than telemetry devices, each of the plurality collection devices being located remote from the telemetry devices, said collection devices including

i) a receiver to receive wireless packet transmissions from a subset of said plurality of telemetry devices,

ii) a processor for extracting said series of successive measurements from a series of said transmissions and analyzing said series of successive measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter, and

iii) a transmitter to transmit data related to the received packet transmissions to a monitoring station.

2. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein a plurality of collection devices are disposed relative to a certain telemetry device such that the packet of said plurality of stored measurements transmitted by the certain telemetry device are receivable by the plurality of collection devices.

3. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein said telemetry devices further include a first timer for timing a predetermined time interval, wherein an expiration of said predetermined time interval causes said sensor to sense a measurement.

4. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein

said telemetry device first memory is configured to store a number, said first memory incrementing said number each time a measurement is generated, said stored number being transmitted by said transmitter in a current transmission from said telemetry device,

the data representing said telemetry device storing a number transmitted in a previous wireless packet transmission from said telemetry device; and

said collection devices receiving the wireless packet transmission comparing the number transmitted in the current wireless packet transmission the number transmitted in the previous wireless packet transmission.

5. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein

said measured parameter includes a time-of-use profile.

6. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein said measured parameter is a demand profile.

7. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein

each of the plurality of said telemetry devices includes means for detecting a power failure,

the telemetry device first memory being configured to store power failure information, the store power failure information including whether each stored measurement was generated following a power failure, said power failure information being transmitted by said transmitter at at least a first transmission time.

8. The data collection system of claim 7 wherein said measured parameter includes a load usage profile.

9. The data collection system of claim 1 wherein said collection devices further include a second memory configured to store data representing each telemetry device of the plurality of telemetry devices from which the respective collection device receives a wireless packet transmission.

10. The data collection system of claim 9 wherein

said collection devices further include a clock for determining a receipt time of a current wireless packet transmission from a telemetry device, and

the data representing said telemetry device including a receipt time of a previous wireless packet transmission from said telemetry device.

11. The data collection system of claim 10 wherein said collection device further includes a processor to compare a message number of the current wireless packet transmission to a message number of the previous wireless packet transmission.

12. A method of collecting data related to a metered commodity comprising the steps of:

a) measuring a parameter related to the metered commodity with a sensor at a plurality of times;

b) storing said parameter measurements in a telemetry device;

c) the telemetry device transmitting by wireless signal said stored parameter measurements to at least one collection device at a series of transmission times;

d) extracting said series of successive measurements from a series of said transmissions with said collection device;

e) analyzing said series of successive measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter with said collection device; and

f) transmitting said parameter measurements to a monitoring station.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising the step of waiting a selected period of time following a parameter measurement before transmission by the telemetry device to the collecting device.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein said parameter is selected from the group consisting of electrical power, fluid flow, voltage, current, and temperature.

15. The method of claim 12 further comprising the steps of:

generating a new number in said telemetry device each time a measurement is generated,

transmitting said new number with the parameter measurements, and

comparing a previous number to the new number at said collection device.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising the steps of:

determining which parameter measurements are new parameter measurements; and

determining if there are missing parameter measurements.

17. The method of claim 15 further comprising the step of storing at least one previous number in said telemetry device, and wherein the step of generating said new number includes incrementing said at least one previous number.

18. A network for collecting data generated by a plurality of sensors, at least one sensor being operably coupled to a meter, the meter for metering a commodity, comprising:

a) a plurality of data generating devices including

i) a sensor to measure a meter parameter to generate measurements,

ii) a memory configured to store said meter parameter measurements, and

iii) a wireless transmitter to transmit by wireless signal said store d meter parameter measurements to an intermediate device at a plurality of transmission times; and

b) a plurality of intermediate devices, there being fewer intermediate devices than data generating devices, said intermediate devices including

i) a receiver to receive transmissions relating to the meter parameter measurements from a subset of said plurality of data generating devices,

ii) a processor for extracting said meter parameter measurements from said transmissions and analyzing said measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter, and

iii) a wireless transmitter to transmit by wireless transmission a signal related to the meter parameter measurements; and

c) a central station for receiving said transmitted signal from said plurality of intermediate devices.

19. A data collection system for data collection from a plurality of meters comprising:

(a) a plurality of telemetry devices, each of the plurality of telemetry devices being associated with at least one selected meter, each telemetry device including;

(i) a sensor to measure a parameter at a series of measurement time to generate a series of successive measurements,

(ii) a first memory configured to store a plurality of measurements from said series of successive measurements, and

(iii) a wireless transmitter for transmitting by a wireless signal a packet of said plurality of stored measurements, the packet including an address unique to a certain telemetry device, to a collection device at a series of transmission times, each of said stored measurements transmitted at a plurality of different transmission times, each packet being transmitted redundantly in a plurality of transmissions; and

(b) a plurality of collection devices, there being fewer collection devices than telemetry devices, each of the plurality collection devices being located remote from the telemetry devices, said collection devices including

(i) a receiver to receive wireless packet transmissions from a subset of said plurality of telemetry devices,

(ii) a processor for extractings aid series of successive measurements from a series of said transmissions and analyzing said series of successive measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter,

(iii) a transmitter to transmit data related to the received packet transmissions to a monitoring station,

(iv) a second memory configured to store data representing each telemetry device of the plurality of telemetry devices from which the respective collection device receives a wireless packet transmission,

(v) a clock for determining a receipt time of a current wireless packet transmission from a telemetry device, and

(vi) the data representing said telemetry device including a receipt time of a previous wireless packet transmission from said telemetry device.

20. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein a plurality of collection devices are disposed relative to a certain telemetry device such that the packet of said plurality of stored measurements transmitted by the certain telemetry device are receivable by the plurality of collection device.

21. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein said telemetry devices further include a first timer for timing a predetermined time interval, wherein an expiration of said predetermined time interval causes said sensor to sense a measurement.

22. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein said collection device further includes a processor to compare a message number of the current wireless packet transmission to a message number of the previous wireless packet transmission.

23. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein:

said telemetry device first memory is configured to store a number, said first memory incrementing said number each time a measurement is generated, said stored number being transmitted by said transmitter in a current transmission from said telemetry device,

the data representing said telemetry device storing a number transmitted in a previous wireless packet transmission from said telemetry device; and

said collection devices receiving the wire less packet transmission comparing the number transmitted in the current wireless packet transmission the number transmitted in the previous wireless packet transmission.

24. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein:

said measured parameter includes a time-of-use profile.

25. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein said measured parameter is a demand profile.

26. The data collection system of claim 19 wherein:

each of the plurality of said telemetry devices includes means for detecting a power failure,

the telemetry device first memory being configured to store power failure information, the store power failure information including whether each stored measurement was generated following a power failure, said power failure information being transmitted by said transmitter at at least a first transmission time.

27. The data collection system of claim 26 wherein said measured parameter includes a load usage profile.

28. A method of collecting data related to a metered commodity comprising the steps of:

(a) measuring a parameter related to the metered commodity with a sensor at a plurality of times;

(b) storing said parameter measurements in a telemetry device;

(c) the telemetry device transmitting by wireless signal said stored parameter measurements to at least one collection device at a series of transmission times;

(d) extracting said series of successive measurements from a series of said transmissions with said collection device;

(e) analyzing said series of successive measurements to generate a metered function of said parameter with said collection device; and

(f) transmitting said parameter measurements to a monitoring station;

(g) generating a new number in said telemetry device each time a measurement is generated;

(h) transmitting said new number with the parameter measurements; and

(i) comparing a previous number to the new number at said collection device.

29. The method of claim 28 further comprising the step of waiting a selected period of time following a parameter measurement before transmission by the telemetry device to the collecting device.

30. The method of claim 28 wherein said parameter is selected from the group consisting of electrical power, fluid flow, voltage, current, and temperature.

31. The method of claim 28 further comprising the steps of:

determining which parameter measurements are new parameter measurements; and

determining if there are missing parameter measurements.

32. The method of claim 31 further comprising the step of storing at least one previous number in said telemetry device, and wherein the step of generating said new number includes incrementing said at least one previous number.