Control of gain and power consumption in a power amplifier

• US 6,178,313 B1
• Filed: 12/31/1998
• Issued: 01/23/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Original Assignee: Nokia Mobile Phones UK Limited (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Mages, Phil, Groe, John B.
• Primary Examiner(s): TO, DORIS HA
• Application Number:
  US09/223,984
• Time in Patent Office: 754 Days
• Field of Search: 455/91, 455/126-127, 455/115, 455/232--23, 455/239--24, 455/249.1, 455/251.1, 455/253.2, 330/278, 330/285, 330/127, 330/200
• US Class Current: 455/127.2
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/302 in bipolar transistor amplifiers H03F1/303, H03F1/305, H03F1/307 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3247 using feedback acting on predistortion circuits H03F1/3264 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3042 in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers transmission power control in bidirectional transmission systems H04W52/04
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0416 having gain or transmission power control
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/36 with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/52 using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers

Abstract

Gain control apparatus, and an associated method, for a radio transmitter, such as the radio transmitter forming a portion of a mobile station. Gain control is effectuated by controlling the level of bias current at which a power amplifier is biased. Signals to be transmitted by the radio transmitter are also applied to the power amplifier to be amplified thereat. Because the gain of a power amplifier is directly proportional to the bias level at which the amplifier is biased, gain control is effectuated through control of the bias current by which the power amplifier is biased.

Claims

1. In a radio transmitter operable to transmit a communication signal, apparatus for selectably amplifying said communication signal prior to transmission thereof comprising

a variable gain amplifier having an input terminal to which said communication signal is applied and having an output terminal at which a first amplified communication signal is generated, said variable gain amplifier for amplifying said communication signal at a first selected level of gain;

a power amplifier having an input terminal to which said first amplified communication signal is applied and having an output terminal at which a second amplified communication signal is generated, said power amplifier for amplifying said first amplified, communication signal at a second selected level of gain;

means providing a power control signal;

a gain controller having an input coupled to receive said power control signal, having a first output connected to control said first level of gain of said variable gain amplifier, and having a second output connected to control a level of bias current applied to said power amplifier, wherein said gain controller includes a memory element;

said memory element storing indications of levels of said power control signal and corresponding gain levels of said variable gain amplifier; and

said memory element storing indications of levels of said power control signal and corresponding levels of bias current of said power amplifier;

said first output of said gain controller operating to vary said first level of gain by which said variable gain amplifier amplifies said communication signal as a function of said power control signal;

said gain controller operating to vary said second level of gain by which said power amplifier amplifies said first amplified communication signal by varying said level of bias current applied to said power amplifier as a function of said power control signal, and

transmitting means connected to receive said second amplified communication signal from said output terminal of said power amplifier.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said gain controller causes changes in said first level of gain of said variable gain amplifier and changes in said level of bias current of said power amplifier such that said communication signal is amplified by selected increments.

3. In a radio transmitter operable to transmit a communication signal, an improvement of apparatus for selectably amplifying the communication signal, said apparatus comprising:

a power amplifier having an input terminal at which the communication signal is applied and an output terminal at which the communication signal, once amplified, is generated, said power amplifier for amplifying the communication signal at a first selected level of gain;

a gain controller coupled to said power amplifier, said gain controller for selecting the first selected level of gain at which the power amplifier amplifies the communication signal;

said gain controller comprising a bias current measurer coupled to said power amplifier, said bias current measurer for measuring levels of bias current applied to said power amplifier; and

said gain controller further comprising a reference voltage level selector coupled to receive indications of the levels of bias current measured by said bias current measurer, said reference voltage selector operable, responsive to the indications of the levels of the bias current received thereat, to select a reference voltage level to be applied to said power amplifier.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said reference voltage level selector compares the indications of the levels of the bias current with a selected tuned value, said reference voltage level selecting the reference voltage to be applied to said power amplifier responsive to comparisons between the indications of the levels of the bias current with the selected tuned value.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein reference voltage level selector selects incremental changes of the reference voltage level of selected step sizes responsive to the comparisons.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the incremental changes of the reference voltage level are of step sizes to cause selected step-level changes of the level of gain at which said power amplifier amplifies the communication signal.

7. A two-way transceiver comprising:

an antenna;

a radio receiver connected to said antenna and receiving control signals transmitted to said transceiver, said control signals including at least a power control signal;

a radio transmitter for receiving communication signals to be transmitted from said transceiver, said radio transmitter comprising;

a variable gain amplifier having an input terminal to which said communication signals are applied and having an output terminal at which first amplified communication signals are generated, said variable gain amplifier for amplifying said communication signals at a first selected level of gain;

a power amplifier having an input terminal to which said first amplified communication signals are applied and having an output terminal at which second amplified communication signals are generated, said power amplifier for amplifying said first amplified communication signals at a second selected level of gain;

a gain controller having an input coupled to receive said power control signal, having a first output connected to control said first level of gain of said variable gain amplifier, and having a second output connected to control a level of a bias current applied to said power amplifier, wherein said gain controller includes a memory element;

said memory element storing indications of levels of said power control signal and corresponding gain levels of said variable gain amplifier; and

said memory element storing indications of levels of said power control signal and corresponding levels of bias current of said power amplifier;

said first output of said gain controller operating to vary said first level of gain by which said variable gain amplifier amplifies said communication signal as a function of said power control signal;

said gain controller operating to vary said second level of gain by which said power amplifier amplifies said first amplified communication signal by varying said level of bias current of said power amplifier as a function of said power control signal; and

means connecting said second amplified communication signal to said antenna.

8. The two-way transceiver of claim 7 operable in a CDMA collection communication system wherein said power control signal comprises power control bits.

9. The two-way transceiver of claim 8 wherein variation of said power control bits provide indications of step-size changes by which said first level of gain of said variable gain amplifier and said level of bias current of said power amplifier are concomitantly changed.

10. A method of selectably amplifying a communication signal at a radio transmitter prior to the transmission thereof by said radio transmitter, said method comprising the steps of:

providing a variable gain amplifier having an input terminal to which said communication signal is applied and having an output terminal at which a first amplified communication signal is generated, said variable gain amplifier for amplifying said communication signal at a first selected level of gain;

providing a power amplifier having an input terminal to which said first amplified communication signal is applied and having an output terminal at which a second amplified communication signal is generated, said power amplifier for amplifying said first amplified communication signal at a second selected level of gain,

providing a power control signal;

providing a gain controller having an input coupled to receive said power control signal, having a first output connected to control said first level of gain of said variable gain amplifier, and having a second output connected to control a level of bias current applied to said power amplifier;

said first output of said gain controller operating to vary said first level of gain by which said variable gain amplifier amplifies the communication signal as a function of said power control signal; and

said gain controller operating to vary said second level of gain by which said power amplifier amplifies said first amplified communication signal by varying said level of bias current applied to said power amplifier as a function of said power control signal;

wherein said step of providing said power control signal includes the steps of;

providing said power control signal as power control bits; and

providing memory that stores values of said power control bits and corresponding first levels of gain of said variable gain amplifier and corresponding levels of bias current of said power amplifier.